Africa South of the Sahara 2022

Europa Publications’ regional publications are compiled by a team of editors and researchers, with introductory and country-specific material provided by specialists in their field:Alexandre Abreu. Researcher, Centre of African and Development Studies, University of Lisbon, Portugal.George M. Bob-Milliar. Senior Lecturer, Department of History and Political Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.Sir Mervyn Brown. Former British Ambassador in Madagascar. Member, Académie Malgache.Anna Bruzzone. Stipendiary Lecturer in European and World History, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.Marisé Castro. Researcher, Amnesty International, International Secretariat, London, United Kingdom.Tony Chafer. Professor of African and French Studies, Centre for European and International Studies, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.Julian Cooke. Editor of the Anglo-Malagasy Society Newsletter.Devon E. A. Curtis. Lecturer in Politics and International Studies, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.Moudwe Daga. PhD candidate, Department of Politics and International Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.Björn Dahlin van Wees. Economist specializing in sub-Saharan Africa.Juan Fandos-Rius. Encyclopaedist and historian of the Central African Republic.Sheereen Fauzel. Researcher, PhD in Development Economics, University of Mauritius, Mauritius.Marie Gibert. Visiting Fellow, Centre for European and International Studies Research, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.Solomon M. Gofie. Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.Stephen Harmon. Late Professor of History, Pittsburg State University, Kansas, USA.Abdourahmane Idrissa. Assistant Professor, African Studies Centre, Leiden University, Netherlands, and Humboldt Researcher,University of Göttingen, Germany.Michael Jennings. Senior Lecturer in International Development, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.Warka Solomon Kahsay. Saint Francis Xavier University, Antogonish, Canada.Fred van der Kraaij. Economist specializing in Liberia and the Western Sahel.Robert E. Looney. International consultant specializing in economic development and Distinguished Professor, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA.Hugh Macmillan. Research Associate, African Studies Centre, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.Giuseppe Maimone. Adjunct Professor, Department of Political Sciences and International Relations, University of Palermo, Italy.Albert Makochekanwa. Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.Zoe Marriage. Reader in Development Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom.Paul Melly. Journalist specializing in francophone Africa and Associate Fellow of the Africa Programme at the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House), United Kingdom.Ticky Monekosso. Journalist and researcher specializing in human rights, development issues and related humanitarian affairs in Africa, and founder of Afromedi@net.Katharine Murison. Former Editor of Africa South of the Sahara.Luca Raineri. Research Fellow in Security Studies, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.Brad Safarik. Lecturer in Political Science and International Relations, Universite´ Catholique de l’Ouest, Angers, France, and Associate Researcher, Les Afriques dans le Monde, Instituted’Etudes Politiques de Bordeaux, France.Christopher Saunders. Emeritus Professor, Department of Historical Studies, University of Cape Town, South Africa.Boopen Seetanah. Professor, Co-Chair of the WTO Chair Programme and Director of Research at the International Centre for Sustainable Tourism and Hospitality, University of Mauritius, Mauritius.Gerhard Seibert. Associate Researcher, Centre for International Studies, ISCTE—Lisbon University Institute, Portugal.Max Siollun. Historian and author specializing in Nigeria’s political and military history.Sishuwa Sishuwa. Lecturer in African History, University of Zambia, Zambia.Donald L. Sparks. Emeritus Professor of International Economics, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, and Lecturer in International Business, Management Centre Innsbruck, Austria.Leighann Spencer. PhD candidate, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Tutor in Justice Studies, La Trobe University, Australia.David Styan. Department of Politics, Birkbeck, University of London, United Kingdom.Verena Tandrayen-Ragoobur. Associate Professor of Economics and Statistics, University of Mauritius, Mauritius.Helen Ware. Professor of Peace Studies, School of Humanities, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.Jörg Wiegratz. Lecturer in Political Economy of Global Development, School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.Duncan Woodside. Journalist and analyst specializing in economics and conflict in the Great Lakes of Africa.Ralph Young. Former Senior Lecturer, Department of Government, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.

• PART ONE General SurveyEconomic Trends in Africa South of the SaharaDONALD L. SPARKS Beyond Françafrique—The State of Relations Between France and Africa TONY CHAFER A Century of Development: Policy and Process in Sub-Saharan Africa MICHAEL JENNINGSAn Analysis of the Rule of Law in Sub-Saharan AfricaLEIGHANN SPENCER PART TWO Country Surveys Essays on geography, history, and economy, as well as statistical surveys, directories and bibliographies for each country:ANGOLARecent History BRAD SAFARIK Economy BRAD SAFARIK BENINRecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy PAUL MELLY BOTSWANARecent History CHRISTOPHER SAUNDERS Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY BURKINA FASORecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy PAUL MELLY BURUNDIRecent History DEVON E. A. CURTIS Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE CABO VERDERecent History GERHARD SEIBERT Economy GERHARD SEIBERT CAMEROONRecent History HELEN WARE Economy TICKY MONEKOSSO THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLICRecent History JUAN FANDOS-RIUS Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE CHADRecent History MOUDWE DAGA Economy PAUL MELLY THE COMOROSRecent History PAUL MELLY Economy PAUL MELLYMAYOTTETHE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGORecent History ZOE MARRIAGE Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE THE REPUBLIC OF THE CONGORecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy TICKY MONEKOSSO CÔTE D’IVOIRERecent History MARIE GIBERT Economy MARIE GIBERT DJIBOUTIRecent History DAVID STYAN Economy DAVID STYAN EQUATORIAL GUINEARecent History MARISÉ CASTRO Economy MARISÉ CASTRO ERITREARecent History WARKA SOLOMON KAHSAY Economy WARKA SOLOMON KAHSAY ESWATINI (SWAZILAND)Recent History HUGH MACMILLAN Economy DONALD L. SPARKS ETHIOPIARecent History SOLOMON M. GOFIE Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY GABONRecent History RALPH YOUNG Economy RALPH YOUNG THE GAMBIARecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY GHANARecent History GEORGE M. BOB-MILLIAR Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY GUINEARecent History MARIE GIBERT Economy MARIE GIBERT GUINEA-BISSAURecent History MARIE GIBERT (based on an earlier article by ALEXANDRE ABREU) Economy MARIE GIBERT (based on an earlier article by ALEXANDRE ABREU) KENYARecent History MICHAEL JENNINGS Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE LESOTHORecent History CHRISTOPHER SAUNDERS Economy DONALD L. SPARKS LIBERIARecent History FRED VAN DER KRAAIJ Economy FRED VAN DER KRAAIJ MADAGASCARRecent History JULIAN COOKE (based on an earlier article by MERVYN BROWN) Economy JULIAN COOKE MALAWIRecent History CHRISTOPHER SAUNDERS Economy DONALD L. SPARKS MALIRecent History STEPHEN HARMON Economy PAUL MELLY MAURITANIARecent History GIUSEPPE MAIMONE Economy PAUL MELLY MAURITIUSRecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy BOOPEN SEETANAH, SHEEREEN FAUZEL and VERENA TANDRAYEN-RAGOOBUR MOZAMBIQUERecent History MARISÉ CASTRO Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY NAMIBIARecent History CHRISTOPHER SAUNDERS Economy DONALD L. SPARKS NIGERRecent History LUCA RAINERI (based on an earlier article by ABDOURAHMANE IDRISSA)Economy ABDOURAHMANE IDRISSA NIGERIARecent History MAX SIOLLUN Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY RÉUNIONRecent History Economy RWANDARecent History DUNCAN WOODSIDE Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE SAINT HELENA, ASCENSION ANDTRISTAN DA CUNHARecent History Economy SÃO TOMÉ AND PRÍNCIPERecent History GERHARD SEIBERT Economy GERHARD SEIBERT SENEGALRecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy MARIE GIBERT SEYCHELLESRecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY SIERRA LEONERecent History LEIGHANN SPENCEREconomy BJÖRN DAHLIN VAN WEES SOMALIARecent History ANNA BRUZZONE Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE SOUTH AFRICARecent History CHRISTOPHER SAUNDERS Economy ROBERT E. LOONEY SOUTH SUDANRecent History DUNCAN WOODSIDEEconomy DUNCAN WOODSIDE SUDANRecent History DUNCAN WOODSIDEEconomy DUNCAN WOODSIDE TANZANIARecent History MICHAEL JENNINGS Economy JÖRG WIEGRATZ TOGORecent History KATHARINE MURISON Economy PAUL MELLY UGANDARecent History MICHAEL JENNINGSEconomy JÖRG WIEGRATZ ZAMBIARecent History SISHUWA SISHUWA Economy DUNCAN WOODSIDE ZIMBABWERecent History CHRISTOPHER SAUNDERSEconomy ALBERT MAKOCHEKANWA PART THREE Regional InformationREGIONAL ORGANIZATIONSMAJOR COMMODITIES OF AFRICACALENDARS RESEARCH INSTITUTES CONCERNED WITH AFRICA SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (BOOKS) SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (PERIODICALS)