Echinoderms: Durham

Larry G. Harris Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA. S. Anne Böttger Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, USA. Charles W. Walker & Michael P. Lesser Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA.

• Foreword; Echinoderms Today; Historical Retrospect; Austin Hobart Clark (1880–1954): His echinoderm research and contacts with his collegues; Paleontology; Echinoderm evolution since 1972 and since the cambrian: Tales from a dozen IECs; Almost within grasp: Crinoid organs rendered 3-dimensionally; Bdellacoma in the Hunsrück Slate (Lower Devonian): Reidentification of Urasterella verruculosa (Asteroidea, Bdellacomidae); Preliminary report on new echinoderm Lagerstätten from the Upper Ordovician of the eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco; Paleoenvironment of fossil ophiuroids in Plio-Pleistocene Hijikata Formation in Shizuoka Prefecture, Central Japan; New Ordovician mitrates (Echinodermata, Stylophora) from the Ancenis Basin (South Armorican Domain, France): Palaeogeographic and palaeoenvironmental implications ; Reappraisal of ambulacral branching patterns in blastozoans ; Evolution and diversification of ophiocistioids (Echinodermata: Echinozoa); The early evolution and diversification of holothurians (Echinozoa); The ‘Swabian Caput Medusae’ (Jurassic Crinoidea, Germany); Cyclocystoids (Echinodermata: Echinozoa) from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden; Epibionts on Late Carboniferous through Early Permian echinoid spines from Texas, USA; Echinoderm remains in the offerings of the great temple of the Aztecs 77; Abstracts: A crinoid – starfish assemblage from the upper Silurian of Gotland; Phylogeny of Lower Palaeozoic asterozoans using skeletal homologies derived from the Extraxial-Axial Theory; Notes on mid- and late Cretaceous ophiuroids from Shikoku, Southwest Japan; Food composition of crinoids in relation to stalk length and fan density: Their paleoecological implications; Biomarkers in colored crinoids of Indiana (Borden Group, Mississippian); Development and functional morphology of sutural pores in and middle Cambrian gogiid eocrinoids from Guizhou Province, China; Evolution of echinoids in the Triassic and early Jurassic: Just how biased is the fossil record?; A model for elemental homology for the peristome and ambulacra in blastozoan echinoderms ; New ophiuroids from the Pliensbachian of the French Ardennes: A preliminary report; A Mesozoic history of the ophiuroids; Systematics and Morphology; Speciation in sea urchins; Isla del Coco (Costa Rica) Echinoderms: State of knowledge; Tubes, sacs, cones, pyramids, and proboscises: Toward a homology-based understanding and terminology for plated, erect hindgut structures among the Crinoidea; Relationship between the preservation of spatangoid spines and water temperature; Crown-group asteroid phylogeny: An enduring quandary; Species of the complex Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidae) from Marseilles; On two new records of Family Brisingidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from the Brazilian continental margin; ROV imaging of deep-sea echinoderms from the Brazilian continental margin, Southwest Atlantic; Cavalcanti & Morphology of the juxtaligamental system in the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii; Comparing substitution rates in spatangoid sea urchins with putatively different effective sizes, and other echinoderm datasets; Development and evolution of the muscle system in the Echinodermata; Small-scale morphological differentiation in three brooding sea star species with limited dispersal; Southwest Atlantic deep-sea brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Campos Basin, Brazil ; The digestive system of the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii: Morphology and regeneration; Phylogeography of Pisaster ochraceus Brant, 1835 (Echinodermata: Asteroidea); Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) collected from the Sagami Sea, Central Japan: A preliminary report; Organs of the axial hemal complex in crinoids – structure and occurrence; The establishment of a neotype for Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) and a new species within the genus Luidia (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae); Morphological dimensional differences between Encope emarginata (Leske) from the Western Caribbean (Colombia and Panama) and Encope emarginata? From two previously studied sites on the Southwest Atlantic Brazilian coast; Scaling of Aristotle’s lantern in sea urchins Lytechinus and Tripneustes; Fine structure of the Polian vesicle in the holothurians Eupentacta fraudatrix and Cucumaria japonica; Revision of genera Cassidulus and Rhyncholampas; Structure of the arm-spine articulation ridges as a basis for taxonomy of Ophiuroidea (a preliminary report); Colour patterns of Pentaster obtusatus, St. Vincent, 1827 (Oreasteridae, Asteroidea, Echinodermata); Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from Campos Basin, Southwest Atlantic; On the Holothuroidea from the collection of Echinodermata, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Creation on-line illustration keys of polar brittlestars with help WebKey-X system; Echinoderm fauna of anchialine caves in Cozumel Island, Mexico; Bridges between radial wedges (septs) in two diadematid spine types; A model for elemental homology for the peristome and ambulacra in blastozoan echinoderms ; Sexual dimorphism in genital papillae of Tripneustes ventricosus; On the collection of Asteroidea from the Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Morphological variation among seven populations of the sand dollar Encope emarginata (Leske) from the southern to northeastern coast of Brazil; Plate construction of the spatangoid test; Modeling echinoid skeletal growth: A first principles approach; Sea urchin (Echinoidea) anatomy revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and 3D visualization; Abstracts: Echinoderms from Puerto Rico Island: Inventory from shallow water species; The relationship between the shape and distribution of dermal ossicles with habitat selection in some species of Holothuroidea; The two Phyllophorus species described by Ancona Lopez (1962): A review; Comparing DNA sequence evolution in spatangoid sea urchins: How to interpret variation of substitution rates and variation in tree shape among families? A surprising species diversity in West Coast Henricia (Asteroidea: Spinulosida); Combined mitochondrial and nuclear sequences support the monophyly of forcipulatacean sea stars; A new phylogeny for the neoasteroidea (post Paleozoic asteroids) based on skeletal morphology; Implications for classification of the group; Origin of the deep sea asteroid family Pterasteridae: The case of an early Jurassic “missing link”; Change of dermal ossicles during growth in some sea cucumbers of the genus Holothuria from the Colombian Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean; A study of the morphology, fine structures, and histochemistry of attachment organs of the brachiolaria larvae of Archaster typicus Müller et Troschel (Echinodermata: Asteroidea); Ultrastructure of the cystidean larva of Antedon bifida (Crinoida); Phylogeography of Astrotoma agassizii from South American and Antarctic waters using mtDNA; Two morphological forms of a common shallow-water Indo-West Pacific ophiuroid Ophiarachnella gorgonia: Observations on external and internal ossicles; New molecular and developmental data on Xyloplax clarifies echinoderm phylogeny and the evolution of larval types; Sibling sea urchins species in Hawaii: Investigating mechanisms of divergence in the genus Echinothrix; Multi-gene phylogeny of aspidochirote holothuroids; Deep sea echinoderms from the continental slope of British Columbia, Canada; Evidence for cospeciations in the host-symbiont system involving crinoids (Echinodermata) and myzostomids (Myzostomida); Evolutionary responses to environmental heterogeneity in Central American echinoid larvae; Hierarchical construction of motor organs as a mechanism for behavioral flexibility in the starfish Asterina pectinifera; Delimiting species of crinoids: Comparing new mtDNA phylogenies with current species designations and reevaluating overlapping morphological characters; Echinoderms of the Gulf of Mexico; Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) mapping of plate constituents in Lytechinus variegatus teeth; Phylogeny of extant crinoidea based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences; Echinoid systematics on the web: An open community project; A new record of Aquilonastra iranica (Mortensen, 1940) (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) from the Boluchistan coast, Pakistan; Status of our knowledge of the South African holothuroid echinoderms; A global partnership to standardize holothuroid systematics; The Aspidochirote Working Group; Brazilian echinoderm Red List; Stereom microstructure of the spatangoid test; The axial complex in Echinoidea – A comparative histological and ultrastructural analysis; Parallel evolution in sea stars? Global phylogeography and evolutionary history of the genus Astropecten; Physiology and Nutrition; Approaches to the study of sea urchin nutrition; Abstracts, Development, Miscellaneous, Author Index.