Essentials of Project and Systems Engineering Management

HOWARD EISNER, DSC, is Distinguished Research Professor and Professor in the Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Department at The George Washington University. Prior to joining the university in 1989, Dr. Eisner held various positions in industry, including president of two systems and software engineering companies, Intercon Systems Corporation and Atlantic Research Services Corporation. He is a Life Fellow of the IEEE.

• Preface xiiiPart I Overview 11 Systems Projects and Management 31.1 Introduction 31.2 Systems and Projects 31.3 Problems in Managing Engineering Projects 121.4 The Systems Approach 171.5 The Project Organization 211.6 Organizational Environments and Factors 251.7 Large-Scale Organization and Management Issues 33Questions/Exercises 38References 392 Overview of Essentials 412.1 Introduction 412.2 Project Management Essentials 412.3 Systems Engineering Process and Management Essentials 452.4 Historical Overview of Acquisition Notions 492.5 Selected Standards 53Questions/Exercises 66References 67Part II Project Management 693 The Project Plan 713.1 Introduction 713.2 Needs, Goals, Objectives, and Requirements 723.3 Task Statements, Statement of Work (SOW), and Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) 783.4 Technical Approach 803.5 Schedule 833.6 Organization, Staffing, and Task Responsibility Matrix (TRM) 863.7 Budget 863.8 Risk Analysis 903.9 The Proposal 923.10 SEMP and SEP 92Questions/Exercises 95References 964 Schedule, Cost, and Situation Analysis 994.1 Introduction 994.2 Schedule Analysis and Monitoring 1004.3 Cost Analysis and Monitoring 1044.4 Situation Analysis (SA) 122Questions/Exercises 128References 1305 The Project Manager and Leadership 1315.1 Introduction 1315.2 Project Manager Attributes 1325.3 Self-Evaluation 1395.4 Interactions with Your Supervisor 1475.5 Customer Interaction 1515.6 Leadership 152Questions/Exercises 157References 1586 Team Building and Team Interactions 1596.1 Introduction 1596.2 Communications 1606.3 Building the Project Team 1626.4 Team Busters 1666.5 Conflict Management 1686.6 Meetings 1716.7 Presentations 1736.8 Proposals 1766.9 A Note on Motivation and Incentives 1826.10 Another Team-Related Perspective 1846.11 Group Processes 187Questions/Exercises 189References 190Part III Systems Engineering and Management 1917 The Thirty Elements of Systems Engineering 1917.1 Overview of the Systems Approach and Engineering Process 1937.2 Two Systems Engineering Perspectives 1947.3 The Thirty Elements of Systems Engineering 1997.4 The Importance of Domain Knowledge in Systems Engineering 230Questions/Exercises 231References 2318 Requirements Analysis and Allocation 2338.1 Introduction 2338.2 Department of Defense (DOD) Perspectives 2348.3 A National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Perspective 2378.4 The Organization of Requirements Statements 2388.5 Specific Requirements Statements 2428.6 Essential Steps of Requirements Analysis 2448.7 Derived and Allocated Requirements 2488.8 Other Requirements Issues 251Questions/Exercises 255References 2569 Systems Architecting: Principles 2579.1 Introduction 2579.2 A View of Systems Architecting 2589.3 A National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Perspective 2599.4 Architecture Descriptions 2619.5 Essential Steps of System Architecting 2699.6 The 95% Solution 2869.7 Trade-Offs and Sensitivity Analyses 2879.8 Modeling and Simulation 2939.9 Other Architectures and Tools 2979.10 Summary 300Questions/Exercises 301References 30210 Software Engineering 30510.1 Introduction 30510.2 Standards 30610.3 Software Management Strategies 31310.4 Capability Maturity 31610.5 Metrics 31910.6 The Systems Engineer and Software Engineering 32910.7 Summary 332Questions/Exercises 333References 33411 Selected Quantitative Relationships 33711.1 Introduction 33711.2 Basic Probability Relationships 33811.3 The Binomial Distribution 34511.4 The Poisson Distribution 34611.5 The Normal (Gaussian) Distribution 34711.6 The Uniform Distribution 34911.7 The Exponential Distribution 35011.8 The Rayleigh Distribution 35111.9 Error Analyses 35211.10 Radar Signal Detection 35311.11 System Reliability 35711.12 Software Reliability 36111.13 Availability 36111.14 A Least Squares Fit 36211.15 Summary 363Questions/Exercises 365References 366Part IV Trends, Perspectives, and Integrative Management 36712 Systems/Software Engineering and Project Management Trends 36912.1 Introduction 36912.2 Systems Engineering Trends 36912.3 Software Engineering Trends 38612.4 Project Management Trends 400Questions/Exercises 404References 40413 Selected New Perspectives 40913.1 Introduction 40913.2 Role of INCOSE 40913.3 Acquisition of Systems 41013.4 Problems in Systems and Software 41813.5 Integration of Systems 419Questions/Exercises 430References 43114 Integrative Management 43314.1 Introduction 43314.2 Managers as Integrators 43414.3 Teams as Integrators 43514.4 Plans as Integrators 43714.5 The Systems Approach as Integrator 43914.6 Methods and Standards as Integrators 44014.7 Information Systems as Integrators 44114.8 Enterprises as Integrators 44214.9 Thinking Outside the Box 44314.10 Summary 447Questions/Exercises 447References 448Appendix: Systems Architecting—Cases 451A.1 Introduction 451A.2 A Logistics Support System (Case 1) 452A.3 A Software Defects Assessment System (Case 2) 457A.4 A Systems Engineering Environment (Case 3) 462A.5 An Anemometry System (Case 4) 470A.6 Summary 480References 480Index 481