Universal Design

Edward Steinfeld is a Professor of Architecture at the University at Buffalo, State University of New York, and Director of the Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access (IDeA), a leading center for research and development in universal design in North AmericaJordana L. Maisel is an Adjunct Assistant Professor in the School of Architecture and Urban Planning at the University at Buffalo, State University if New York, and Director of Outreach and Policy Studies at the Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access (IDeA).

"Universal Design introduces designers to the principles and practice of designing for all people. Covering best practice examples that demonstrate the value of universal design, this new publication is sure to be constantly at the fingertips of all types of designers." (ASID Icon, Summer 2012)

• Foreword xiPreface xiiiAcknowledgements xviiChapter 1: Barriers and their Social Meaning 1Design as Evolution 1Barriers as a Universal Experience 3Barriers in Intellectual Life 4Social Functions of Space 8Socio-spatial Order 12Origins of Universal Design 15Summary 24Review Topics 24References 24Chapter 2: Defining Universal Design 27Introduction 27Emergence of Universal Design 27Definition 28Origins 30Modernism and the Modernist Style 31Critiques of Modernist Style 33Return to Human-Centered Design 34Summary 42Review Topics 42References 42Chapter 3: The New Demographics 45Demography for Universal Design 45Uses of Demography in Design 48Beneficiaries of Universal Design 49Demography: Points to Remember 60Summary 62Review Topics 63References 63Chapter 4: Practicing Universal Design 67Introduction 67Universal Design as Innovation 67Tools for Increasing Adoption 70Introducing Universal Design to Practice 82Improving Practice 86Summary 91Review Topics 91References 92Chapter 5: Design for Human Performance 95Introduction 95Anthropometry 96Biomechanics 103Perception 108Cognition 119Summary 129Review Topics 132References 132Chapter 6: Design For Health and Wellness 137Introduction 137What are Health and Wellness? 139Injury Protection 140Disease Prevention 142Low-Resource Settings 147Mental Health 149Health Impact Assessments 152Designing for Health and Wellness Guidelines 152Summary 153Review Topics 153References 153Chapter 7: Design for Social Participation 159Introduction 159Social Construction Theory 160Interpersonal Interaction 163Access to Resources 167Segregation and Clustering 172Design Participation 177Summary 181Review Topics 185References 185Chapter 8: Public Accommodations 187Introduction 187The Purpose of Accessible Design 188Universal Design Strategies 197The Future 213Summary 214Review Topics 220References 220Chapter 9: Housing 223Evolution of Accessible Housing Policy 223Community-Based Rehabilitation and Special-Purpose Housing 236Neighborhood Context 238Summary 242Review Topics 243References 244Chapter 10: Home Modifications 245Danise LevineIntroduction 245Target Populations 246Purpose of Home Modifications 248Common Needs and Solutions 253Home Assessments 261Barriers to Service Delivery 263Policy 265Knowledge Needs 268Summary 269Review Topics 270References 271Chapter 11: Universal Design and the Interior Environment 275Mary Jane CarrollIntroduction 275Wayfinding 276Acoustics 279Lighting 282Color 287Furnishings 292Floor Coverings 299Summary 302Review Topics 304References 304Chapter 12: Product Design 307Heamchand SubryanIntroduction 307Assistive Technology 310Knowledge Translation Problem 312Changing Marketplace 316Smarter Products 321Case Studies 327Summary 334Review Topics 335References 335Chapter 13: Public Transportation and Universal Design 339Introduction 339Background 339Access to Public Transportation 340Components of Public Transportation Systems 342Progress around the World 362Summary 363Review Topics 364References 365Index 369