Peter J. Verhagen is a graduate of the School of Medicine (1983) and the School of Theology (1988) of the University of Utrecht, the Netherlands. In 1988 he was registered as a psychiatrist. He is a practicing psychiatrist and theologian, group psychotherapist and supervisor (2002) of the Dutch Association for Group Dynamics and Group Psychotherapy. He is Director of the Program for the Treatment of Personality Disorders, Meerkanten GGz Ermelo/Harderwijk. He is also co-founder and present chair of the WPA Section on Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry, founded in 2003, and Secretary of the Dutch Foundation for Psychiatry and Religion. He is lead editor of the Dutch journal, 'Psyche & Geloof' (Psyche & Faith).   Herman M. van Praag is Professor Emeritus of the Dutch Universities of Groningen, Utrecht, Maastricht, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA. He established the first department of biological psychiatry in Europe (Groningen) and became the first European Professor of Biological Psychiatry in 1968. He is well known for his extensive research on the biological determinants of depression and depressive symptoms for which he was decorated many times. He chaired the WPA Section on Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry.Juan J. López-Ibor, Jr is Professor and Chairman of Psychiatry and Director of the Institute for Psychiatry and Mental Health of the San Carlos Hospital of the Complutense University in Madrid. He is also Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Mental Health, Spain, and Fellow of the Royal National Academy of Medicine of Spain, Corresponding Fellow of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Zaragoza, and Honorary Fellow of the Spanish Medical Chirurgical Academy. He has been Secretary General, President-Elect and President of the World Psychiatric Association. He is author, alone or in collaboration, of 53 books and of 219 chapters in monographs by other authors. He has published more than 330 papers in scientific journals and has presented more than 1,500 papers and communications in scientific meetings.John L. Cox is Professor Emeritus at Keele University and Visiting Professor at the Institute of Psychiatry, London.  During his period as President and Dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, he encouraged greater emphasis on international mental health, and the bridging of arts and science. He is the Immediate Past Secretary General of the World Psychiatric Association. He has a longstanding interest in the relationship between religion, spirituality and mental health, and was the lead editor of a book based on the work of Paul Tournier. He co-authored Modern Management of Perinatal Mental Disorder, and has published widely in perinatal mental health and transcultural psychiatry.Driss Moussaoui is the Founder and the Chairman of the Ibn Rushd University Psychiatric Centre in Casablanca, Morocco, a WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health since 1992. He is the President-Elect of the World Association of Social Psychiatry and a member of the French Academy of Medicine. He is the Vice-Chair of the World Psychiatric Association Section on Spirituality, Religion and Psychiatry. Driss Moussaoui has published (or edited) 10 books and hundreds of papers in international journals.

"The range is very broad, there is a fair degree of debate within the volume, and attempting to bring the combatants together in discussion sections may be valuable in a second edition. Considering the enormity and controversial nature of the subject, the editors must be commended on producing this valuable volume." (Mental health, religion and culture, 1 January 2011) "All in all: very readable, a large amount of material brought together in a single volume, a milestone marking the beginning of a new, less ideological and less conflict-ridden era in the history of psychiatry and religion." (Dutch Theological Journal, 2010)"offers an outstanding collection of chapters dealing with mental health and religion. Its editors, Peter J. Verhagen, Herman M. van Praag, Juan J. Lopez-Ibor Jr., John L. Cox., and Driss Moussaoui, have assembled a great variety of chapters dealing with topics that are of great interest to psychologists studying religion." (www.psyrel.com)

• List of Contributors ixForeword xiiiPreface xvGeneral Introduction: Religion and Science 1Peter J. VerhagenPart 1 Prolegomena (First Issues): History, Philosophy, Science And Culture 11Introduction 111.1 Evil in Historical Perspective: At the Intersection of Religion and Psychiatry 13Michael H. Stone1.2 Linguistic Analysis and Values-Based Practice: One Way of Getting Started with Some Kinds of Philosophical Problems at the Interface Between Psychiatry and Religion 39Bill (K.W.M.) Fulford1.3 Science and Transcendence in Psychopathology; Lessons from Existentialism 63Juan J. López-Ibor Jr. & María Inés López-Ibor Alcocer1.4 Psychiatry of the Whole Person – Contribution of Spirituality in form of Mystic (Sufi) Thinking 73Ahmad MohitPart 2 Main Issues: The Interface Between Psychiatry, Mental Health And Major Religious Traditions 87Introduction 872.1 Judaism and Psychiatry 89Ayala Uri, Noa Navot & Alan Apter2.2 Christianity and Psychiatry 105John R. Peteet2.3 Religion and Mental Health in Islam 119Ahmed Okasha2.4 Psychiatry and African Religion 143Frank G. Njenga, Anna Nguithi & Sam G. Gatere2.5 Hinduism and Mental Health 159R. Srinivasa Murthy2.6 Buddhism and Psychotherapy in Japan 181Naotaka Shinfuku & Kenji Kitanishi2.7 Psychiatry and Theravada Buddhism 193Pichet UdomratnPart 3 Core Issues: Religion And Psychopathology 209Introduction 2093.1 Religious Experience and Psychopathology 211Juan J. López-Ibor Jr. & María Inés López-Ibor Alcocer3.2 God’s Champions and Adversaries: About the Borders between Normal and Abnormal Religiosity 235Herman M. van Praag3.3 Religion and Psychopathology: Psychosis and Depression 253Andrew C. P. Sims3.4 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Religion: A Reconnaissance 271Harold J. G. M. van Megen, Dianne A. den Boer-Wolters & Peter J. Verhagen3.5 Religion and Psychoanalysis: Past and Present 283Allan M. Josephson, Armand Nicholi Jr. & Allan Tasman3.6 On the Psychology of Religious Fundamentalism 305John, Lord Alderdice3.7 Measurement at the Interface of Psychiatry and Religion: Issues and Existing Measures 319Peter C. Hill & Carissa DwiwardaniPart 4 Research Issues 341Introduction 3414.1 Religion and Mental Health: What Do You Mean When You Say ‘Religion’? What Do You Mean When You Say ‘Mental Health’? 343Charles H. Hackney4.2 A Moment of Anger, a Lifetime of Favor: Image of God, Personality, and Orthodox Religiosity 361Elisabeth H.M. Eurelings-Bontekoe & Hanneke Schaap-Jonker4.3 The Relationship Between an Orthodox Protestant Upbringing and Current Orthodox Protestant Adherence, DSM-IV Axis II B Cluster Personality Disorders and Structural Borderline Personality Organization 373Elisabeth H.M. Eurelings-Bontekoe & Patrick Luyten4.4 When Religion Goes Awry: Religious Risk Factors for Poorer Health and Well-Being 389Hisham Abu Raiya, Kenneth I. Pargament & Gina Magyar-Russell4.5 Religious Practice and Mental Health: a Moroccan Experience 413Driss Moussaoui & Nadia Kadri4.6 Religious and Spiritual Considerations in Psychiatric Diagnosis: Considerations for the DSM-V 423David Lukoff, C. Robert Cloninger, Marc Galanter, David M. Gellerman, Linda Glickman, Harold G. Koenig, Francis G. Lu, William E. Narrow, John R. Peteet, Samuel B. Thielman & C. Paul YangPart 5 Interdisciplinary Issues: Psychotherapy, Pastoral Care And Meaning Giving 445Introduction 4455.1 Gods of the Horizon: The Therapist’s and the Patient’s Religious Representations and the Inevitability of Countertransference 447Moshe Halevi Spero5.2 Assumptions About Pastoral Care, Spirituality and Mental Health 479Peter J. Verhagen & Adamantios G. Avgoustidis5.3 Coming to Terms with Loss in Schizophrenia – The Search for Meaning 497Hanneke (J.K.) MuthertPart 6 Controversial Issues: Religion And The Brain 513Introduction 5136.1 The Limits of Scientific Understanding and their Relevance for the Role of Religion in Psychiatry 515Robert H. Belmaker6.2 Seat of the Divine: A Biological ‘Proof of God’s Existence’? 523Herman M. van Praag6.3 Neuro-Theology: Demasqué of Religions 541Dick F. Swaab & Wilma T.P. VerweijPART 7 TRAINING ISSUES: RESIDENCY TRAINING AND CONTINUOUS EDUCATION 569Introduction 5697.1 Religion and the Training of Psychotherapists 571Allan M. Josephson, John R. Peteet & Allan Tasman7.2 Multicultural Education and Training in Religion and Spirituality 587Peter J. Verhagen & John L. CoxEpilogue: Proposal for a World Psychiatric Association Consensus or Position Statement on Spirituality and Religion in Psychiatry 615Peter J. Verhagen & Christopher C.H. CookNotes on Contributors 633Index of Names 647Index of Subjects 651

Peter J. Verhagen is a graduate of the School of Medicine (1983) and the School of Theology (1988) of the University of Utrecht, the Netherlands. In 1988 he was registered as a psychiatrist. He is a practicing psychiatrist and theologian, group psychotherapist and supervisor (2002) of the Dutch Association for Group Dynamics and Group Psychotherapy. He is Director of the Program for the Treatment of Personality Disorders, Meerkanten GGz Ermelo/Harderwijk. He is also co-founder and present chair of the WPA Section on Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry, founded in 2003, and Secretary of the Dutch Foundation for Psychiatry and Religion. He is lead editor of the Dutch journal, 'Psyche & Geloof' (Psyche & Faith).   Herman M. van Praag is Professor Emeritus of the Dutch Universities of Groningen, Utrecht, Maastricht, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA. He established the first department of biological psychiatry in Europe (Groningen) and became the first European Professor of Biological Psychiatry in 1968. He is well known for his extensive research on the biological determinants of depression and depressive symptoms for which he was decorated many times. He chaired the WPA Section on Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry.Juan J. López-Ibor, Jr is Professor and Chairman of Psychiatry and Director of the Institute for Psychiatry and Mental Health of the San Carlos Hospital of the Complutense University in Madrid. He is also Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Mental Health, Spain, and Fellow of the Royal National Academy of Medicine of Spain, Corresponding Fellow of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Zaragoza, and Honorary Fellow of the Spanish Medical Chirurgical Academy. He has been Secretary General, President-Elect and President of the World Psychiatric Association. He is author, alone or in collaboration, of 53 books and of 219 chapters in monographs by other authors. He has published more than 330 papers in scientific journals and has presented more than 1,500 papers and communications in scientific meetings.John L. Cox is Professor Emeritus at Keele University and Visiting Professor at the Institute of Psychiatry, London.  During his period as President and Dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, he encouraged greater emphasis on international mental health, and the bridging of arts and science. He is the Immediate Past Secretary General of the World Psychiatric Association. He has a longstanding interest in the relationship between religion, spirituality and mental health, and was the lead editor of a book based on the work of Paul Tournier. He co-authored Modern Management of Perinatal Mental Disorder, and has published widely in perinatal mental health and transcultural psychiatry.Driss Moussaoui is the Founder and the Chairman of the Ibn Rushd University Psychiatric Centre in Casablanca, Morocco, a WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health since 1992. He is the President-Elect of the World Association of Social Psychiatry and a member of the French Academy of Medicine. He is the Vice-Chair of the World Psychiatric Association Section on Spirituality, Religion and Psychiatry. Driss Moussaoui has published (or edited) 10 books and hundreds of papers in international journals.

"The range is very broad, there is a fair degree of debate within the volume, and attempting to bring the combatants together in discussion sections may be valuable in a second edition. Considering the enormity and controversial nature of the subject, the editors must be commended on producing this valuable volume." (Mental health, religion and culture, 1 January 2011) "All in all: very readable, a large amount of material brought together in a single volume, a milestone marking the beginning of a new, less ideological and less conflict-ridden era in the history of psychiatry and religion." (Dutch Theological Journal, 2010)"offers an outstanding collection of chapters dealing with mental health and religion. Its editors, Peter J. Verhagen, Herman M. van Praag, Juan J. Lopez-Ibor Jr., John L. Cox., and Driss Moussaoui, have assembled a great variety of chapters dealing with topics that are of great interest to psychologists studying religion." (www.psyrel.com)

• List of Contributors ixForeword xiiiPreface xvGeneral Introduction: Religion and Science 1Peter J. VerhagenPart 1 Prolegomena (First Issues): History, Philosophy, Science And Culture 11Introduction 111.1 Evil in Historical Perspective: At the Intersection of Religion and Psychiatry 13Michael H. Stone1.2 Linguistic Analysis and Values-Based Practice: One Way of Getting Started with Some Kinds of Philosophical Problems at the Interface Between Psychiatry and Religion 39Bill (K.W.M.) Fulford1.3 Science and Transcendence in Psychopathology; Lessons from Existentialism 63Juan J. López-Ibor Jr. & María Inés López-Ibor Alcocer1.4 Psychiatry of the Whole Person – Contribution of Spirituality in form of Mystic (Sufi) Thinking 73Ahmad MohitPart 2 Main Issues: The Interface Between Psychiatry, Mental Health And Major Religious Traditions 87Introduction 872.1 Judaism and Psychiatry 89Ayala Uri, Noa Navot & Alan Apter2.2 Christianity and Psychiatry 105John R. Peteet2.3 Religion and Mental Health in Islam 119Ahmed Okasha2.4 Psychiatry and African Religion 143Frank G. Njenga, Anna Nguithi & Sam G. Gatere2.5 Hinduism and Mental Health 159R. Srinivasa Murthy2.6 Buddhism and Psychotherapy in Japan 181Naotaka Shinfuku & Kenji Kitanishi2.7 Psychiatry and Theravada Buddhism 193Pichet UdomratnPart 3 Core Issues: Religion And Psychopathology 209Introduction 2093.1 Religious Experience and Psychopathology 211Juan J. López-Ibor Jr. & María Inés López-Ibor Alcocer3.2 God’s Champions and Adversaries: About the Borders between Normal and Abnormal Religiosity 235Herman M. van Praag3.3 Religion and Psychopathology: Psychosis and Depression 253Andrew C. P. Sims3.4 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Religion: A Reconnaissance 271Harold J. G. M. van Megen, Dianne A. den Boer-Wolters & Peter J. Verhagen3.5 Religion and Psychoanalysis: Past and Present 283Allan M. Josephson, Armand Nicholi Jr. & Allan Tasman3.6 On the Psychology of Religious Fundamentalism 305John, Lord Alderdice3.7 Measurement at the Interface of Psychiatry and Religion: Issues and Existing Measures 319Peter C. Hill & Carissa DwiwardaniPart 4 Research Issues 341Introduction 3414.1 Religion and Mental Health: What Do You Mean When You Say ‘Religion’? What Do You Mean When You Say ‘Mental Health’? 343Charles H. Hackney4.2 A Moment of Anger, a Lifetime of Favor: Image of God, Personality, and Orthodox Religiosity 361Elisabeth H.M. Eurelings-Bontekoe & Hanneke Schaap-Jonker4.3 The Relationship Between an Orthodox Protestant Upbringing and Current Orthodox Protestant Adherence, DSM-IV Axis II B Cluster Personality Disorders and Structural Borderline Personality Organization 373Elisabeth H.M. Eurelings-Bontekoe & Patrick Luyten4.4 When Religion Goes Awry: Religious Risk Factors for Poorer Health and Well-Being 389Hisham Abu Raiya, Kenneth I. Pargament & Gina Magyar-Russell4.5 Religious Practice and Mental Health: a Moroccan Experience 413Driss Moussaoui & Nadia Kadri4.6 Religious and Spiritual Considerations in Psychiatric Diagnosis: Considerations for the DSM-V 423David Lukoff, C. Robert Cloninger, Marc Galanter, David M. Gellerman, Linda Glickman, Harold G. Koenig, Francis G. Lu, William E. Narrow, John R. Peteet, Samuel B. Thielman & C. Paul YangPart 5 Interdisciplinary Issues: Psychotherapy, Pastoral Care And Meaning Giving 445Introduction 4455.1 Gods of the Horizon: The Therapist’s and the Patient’s Religious Representations and the Inevitability of Countertransference 447Moshe Halevi Spero5.2 Assumptions About Pastoral Care, Spirituality and Mental Health 479Peter J. Verhagen & Adamantios G. Avgoustidis5.3 Coming to Terms with Loss in Schizophrenia – The Search for Meaning 497Hanneke (J.K.) MuthertPart 6 Controversial Issues: Religion And The Brain 513Introduction 5136.1 The Limits of Scientific Understanding and their Relevance for the Role of Religion in Psychiatry 515Robert H. Belmaker6.2 Seat of the Divine: A Biological ‘Proof of God’s Existence’? 523Herman M. van Praag6.3 Neuro-Theology: Demasqué of Religions 541Dick F. Swaab & Wilma T.P. VerweijPART 7 TRAINING ISSUES: RESIDENCY TRAINING AND CONTINUOUS EDUCATION 569Introduction 5697.1 Religion and the Training of Psychotherapists 571Allan M. Josephson, John R. Peteet & Allan Tasman7.2 Multicultural Education and Training in Religion and Spirituality 587Peter J. Verhagen & John L. CoxEpilogue: Proposal for a World Psychiatric Association Consensus or Position Statement on Spirituality and Religion in Psychiatry 615Peter J. Verhagen & Christopher C.H. CookNotes on Contributors 633Index of Names 647Index of Subjects 651

Peter J. Verhagen is a graduate of the School of Medicine (1983) and the School of Theology (1988) of the University of Utrecht, the Netherlands. In 1988 he was registered as a psychiatrist. He is a practicing psychiatrist and theologian, group psychotherapist and supervisor (2002) of the Dutch Association for Group Dynamics and Group Psychotherapy. He is Director of the Program for the Treatment of Personality Disorders, Meerkanten GGz Ermelo/Harderwijk. He is also co-founder and present chair of the WPA Section on Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry, founded in 2003, and Secretary of the Dutch Foundation for Psychiatry and Religion. He is lead editor of the Dutch journal, 'Psyche & Geloof' (Psyche & Faith).   Herman M. van Praag is Professor Emeritus of the Dutch Universities of Groningen, Utrecht, Maastricht, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA. He established the first department of biological psychiatry in Europe (Groningen) and became the first European Professor of Biological Psychiatry in 1968. He is well known for his extensive research on the biological determinants of depression and depressive symptoms for which he was decorated many times. He chaired the WPA Section on Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry.Juan J. López-Ibor, Jr is Professor and Chairman of Psychiatry and Director of the Institute for Psychiatry and Mental Health of the San Carlos Hospital of the Complutense University in Madrid. He is also Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Mental Health, Spain, and Fellow of the Royal National Academy of Medicine of Spain, Corresponding Fellow of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Zaragoza, and Honorary Fellow of the Spanish Medical Chirurgical Academy. He has been Secretary General, President-Elect and President of the World Psychiatric Association. He is author, alone or in collaboration, of 53 books and of 219 chapters in monographs by other authors. He has published more than 330 papers in scientific journals and has presented more than 1,500 papers and communications in scientific meetings.John L. Cox is Professor Emeritus at Keele University and Visiting Professor at the Institute of Psychiatry, London.  During his period as President and Dean of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, he encouraged greater emphasis on international mental health, and the bridging of arts and science. He is the Immediate Past Secretary General of the World Psychiatric Association. He has a longstanding interest in the relationship between religion, spirituality and mental health, and was the lead editor of a book based on the work of Paul Tournier. He co-authored Modern Management of Perinatal Mental Disorder, and has published widely in perinatal mental health and transcultural psychiatry.Driss Moussaoui is the Founder and the Chairman of the Ibn Rushd University Psychiatric Centre in Casablanca, Morocco, a WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health since 1992. He is the President-Elect of the World Association of Social Psychiatry and a member of the French Academy of Medicine. He is the Vice-Chair of the World Psychiatric Association Section on Spirituality, Religion and Psychiatry. Driss Moussaoui has published (or edited) 10 books and hundreds of papers in international journals.

"The range is very broad, there is a fair degree of debate within the volume, and attempting to bring the combatants together in discussion sections may be valuable in a second edition. Considering the enormity and controversial nature of the subject, the editors must be commended on producing this valuable volume." (Mental health, religion and culture, 1 January 2011) "All in all: very readable, a large amount of material brought together in a single volume, a milestone marking the beginning of a new, less ideological and less conflict-ridden era in the history of psychiatry and religion." (Dutch Theological Journal, 2010)"offers an outstanding collection of chapters dealing with mental health and religion. Its editors, Peter J. Verhagen, Herman M. van Praag, Juan J. Lopez-Ibor Jr., John L. Cox., and Driss Moussaoui, have assembled a great variety of chapters dealing with topics that are of great interest to psychologists studying religion." (www.psyrel.com)

• List of Contributors ixForeword xiiiPreface xvGeneral Introduction: Religion and Science 1Peter J. VerhagenPart 1 Prolegomena (First Issues): History, Philosophy, Science And Culture 11Introduction 111.1 Evil in Historical Perspective: At the Intersection of Religion and Psychiatry 13Michael H. Stone1.2 Linguistic Analysis and Values-Based Practice: One Way of Getting Started with Some Kinds of Philosophical Problems at the Interface Between Psychiatry and Religion 39Bill (K.W.M.) Fulford1.3 Science and Transcendence in Psychopathology; Lessons from Existentialism 63Juan J. López-Ibor Jr. & María Inés López-Ibor Alcocer1.4 Psychiatry of the Whole Person – Contribution of Spirituality in form of Mystic (Sufi) Thinking 73Ahmad MohitPart 2 Main Issues: The Interface Between Psychiatry, Mental Health And Major Religious Traditions 87Introduction 872.1 Judaism and Psychiatry 89Ayala Uri, Noa Navot & Alan Apter2.2 Christianity and Psychiatry 105John R. Peteet2.3 Religion and Mental Health in Islam 119Ahmed Okasha2.4 Psychiatry and African Religion 143Frank G. Njenga, Anna Nguithi & Sam G. Gatere2.5 Hinduism and Mental Health 159R. Srinivasa Murthy2.6 Buddhism and Psychotherapy in Japan 181Naotaka Shinfuku & Kenji Kitanishi2.7 Psychiatry and Theravada Buddhism 193Pichet UdomratnPart 3 Core Issues: Religion And Psychopathology 209Introduction 2093.1 Religious Experience and Psychopathology 211Juan J. López-Ibor Jr. & María Inés López-Ibor Alcocer3.2 God’s Champions and Adversaries: About the Borders between Normal and Abnormal Religiosity 235Herman M. van Praag3.3 Religion and Psychopathology: Psychosis and Depression 253Andrew C. P. Sims3.4 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Religion: A Reconnaissance 271Harold J. G. M. van Megen, Dianne A. den Boer-Wolters & Peter J. Verhagen3.5 Religion and Psychoanalysis: Past and Present 283Allan M. Josephson, Armand Nicholi Jr. & Allan Tasman3.6 On the Psychology of Religious Fundamentalism 305John, Lord Alderdice3.7 Measurement at the Interface of Psychiatry and Religion: Issues and Existing Measures 319Peter C. Hill & Carissa DwiwardaniPart 4 Research Issues 341Introduction 3414.1 Religion and Mental Health: What Do You Mean When You Say ‘Religion’? What Do You Mean When You Say ‘Mental Health’? 343Charles H. Hackney4.2 A Moment of Anger, a Lifetime of Favor: Image of God, Personality, and Orthodox Religiosity 361Elisabeth H.M. Eurelings-Bontekoe & Hanneke Schaap-Jonker4.3 The Relationship Between an Orthodox Protestant Upbringing and Current Orthodox Protestant Adherence, DSM-IV Axis II B Cluster Personality Disorders and Structural Borderline Personality Organization 373Elisabeth H.M. Eurelings-Bontekoe & Patrick Luyten4.4 When Religion Goes Awry: Religious Risk Factors for Poorer Health and Well-Being 389Hisham Abu Raiya, Kenneth I. Pargament & Gina Magyar-Russell4.5 Religious Practice and Mental Health: a Moroccan Experience 413Driss Moussaoui & Nadia Kadri4.6 Religious and Spiritual Considerations in Psychiatric Diagnosis: Considerations for the DSM-V 423David Lukoff, C. Robert Cloninger, Marc Galanter, David M. Gellerman, Linda Glickman, Harold G. Koenig, Francis G. Lu, William E. Narrow, John R. Peteet, Samuel B. Thielman & C. Paul YangPart 5 Interdisciplinary Issues: Psychotherapy, Pastoral Care And Meaning Giving 445Introduction 4455.1 Gods of the Horizon: The Therapist’s and the Patient’s Religious Representations and the Inevitability of Countertransference 447Moshe Halevi Spero5.2 Assumptions About Pastoral Care, Spirituality and Mental Health 479Peter J. Verhagen & Adamantios G. Avgoustidis5.3 Coming to Terms with Loss in Schizophrenia – The Search for Meaning 497Hanneke (J.K.) MuthertPart 6 Controversial Issues: Religion And The Brain 513Introduction 5136.1 The Limits of Scientific Understanding and their Relevance for the Role of Religion in Psychiatry 515Robert H. Belmaker6.2 Seat of the Divine: A Biological ‘Proof of God’s Existence’? 523Herman M. van Praag6.3 Neuro-Theology: Demasqué of Religions 541Dick F. Swaab & Wilma T.P. VerweijPART 7 TRAINING ISSUES: RESIDENCY TRAINING AND CONTINUOUS EDUCATION 569Introduction 5697.1 Religion and the Training of Psychotherapists 571Allan M. Josephson, John R. Peteet & Allan Tasman7.2 Multicultural Education and Training in Religion and Spirituality 587Peter J. Verhagen & John L. CoxEpilogue: Proposal for a World Psychiatric Association Consensus or Position Statement on Spirituality and Religion in Psychiatry 615Peter J. Verhagen & Christopher C.H. CookNotes on Contributors 633Index of Names 647Index of Subjects 651