From Placebo to Panacea

FROM PLACEBO TO PANACEA With the latest generation of psychoactive drugs, has pharmacologyat last triumphed over mental illness? A close look at worldscientific literature would suggest otherwise. The sobering truthis that many claims about the efficacy of drug therapies foreverything from depression to schizophrenia have been exaggerated.What, then, accounts for the inflated confidence clinicians and thelay public alike often have in the new generation of "wonderdrugs"? Find out in From Placebo to Panacea. From Placebo to Panacea is not an indictment of drug therapy.Rather, it is a reasoned analysis of the efficacy of psychoactivedrugs as compared to other forms of treatment--backed by hardempirical data. Above all, it is meant to function as a therapist'sand patient's guide to making more informed decisions whenconsidering treatment options. The book begins with an in-depth discussion of salient problemswith standard methods of measuring the usefulness of psychoactivedrugs. Next is an exploration of a wide range of factors that canbias test results, both technical (e.g., patients participating indouble-blind trials can usually tell whether they are receiving aninactive placebo or a psychoactive drug) and psychosocial. Alsoconsidered are problems arising from current systems for diagnosingmental disorders, including complications resulting fromcomorbidity. Subsequent chapters focus on drug therapies for specific disordersin both adults and children. The authors cover depression andbipolar disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, borderlinepersonality disorder, attention deficit, and hyperactivity. Eachchapter carefully considers the published findings on the disorderunder discussion, as well as questions of side effects, suicide,and potential long-term benefits. A final chapter synthesizes the findings from previous chaptersinto a comprehensive picture of the current state of psychoactivedrug therapy. Throughout, the book provides valuable suggestionsfor ways of improving and building upon existing knowledge. Offering an empirically based appraisal of the strengths andlimitations of drug-based treatment for psychiatric disorders, FromPlacebo to Panacea is must reading for psychiatrists,psychologists, and other mental health professionals, as well aspsychopharmacologists and drug development researchers andpatients. "The long list of treatment failures, ranging from insulin coma tolobotomy, speaks for itself . . . skepticism should prevail withrespect to all evaluations of research, particularly if theyinvolve the welfare of large numbers of persons."--Seymour Fisherand Roger P. Greenberg Is the new generation of psychoactive "wonder drugs" really aseffective as it is purported to be? And, perhaps most significant,in an age of managed care, what are the dangers of uncritical faithin the usefulness of these drugs? From Placebo to Panacea examinesthese questions. It separates fact from fiction, and injects a noteof healthy questioning into the otherwise unreserved chorus ofpraise for psychotropics. From Placebo to Panacea:* Examines the clinical research into outcomes of common drugtherapies for most major mental disorders in adults and childrenOffers analyses of the effectiveness of most common psychotropicsin both controlled trials and clinical settings* Explores technical and psychosocial factors that frequently biastest results in favor of drug therapies* Provides critical, empirically based appraisal of the strengthsand limitations of drug-based treatment for psychiatric disorders* Compares the relative effectiveness of drug therapy versusnondrug therapies and placebos