James Schmidt is Chair of the Department of Political Science at Boston University. He is author of Maurice Merleau-Ponty: Between Phenomenology and Structuralism (1985).

• PREFACE I Introduction: What Is Enlightenment?A Question, Its Context, and Some Consequences James SchmidtPart I. THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DEBATE 1. The Question and Some Answers What Is to Be Done toward the Enlightenment of the Citizenry? (1783) Johann Karl MohsenOn the Question: What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Moses MendelssohnAn Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Immanuel KantThoughts on Enlightenment (1784) Karl Leonhard ReinholdA Couple of Gold Nuggets, from the ... Wastepaper,or Six Answers to Six Questions (1789) Christoph Martin Wieland2. The Public Use of Reason On Freedom of Thought and of the Press: For Princes, Ministers, and Writers (1784)On Freedom of the Press and Its Limits: For Consideration by Rulers, Censors, and Writers.(l787) Carl Friedrich BahrdtPublicity (1792) Friedrich Karl von MoserReclamation of the Freedom of Thought from the Princes of Europe, Who Have Oppressed It Until Now (1793) Johann Gottlieb Fichte3. Faith and Enlightenment Letter to ChristianJacob Kraus (18 December 1784) ·Johann Georg HamannMetacritique on the Purism of Reason (1784) Johann Georg HamannOn Enlightenment: Is It and Could It Be Dangerous to the State, to Religion, or Dangerous in General? A Word to Be Heeded by Princes, Statesmen, and Clergy (1788) Andreas Riem4. The Politics of Enlightenment Something Lessing Said: A Commentary on Journeys of the Popes(I782) Friedrich Heinrich JacobiTrue and False Political Enlightenment (1792) Friedrich Karl von MoserOn the Influence of Enlightenment on Revolutions (1794) Johann Heinrich TuftrunkDoes Enlightenment Cause Revolutions? (1795) Johann Adam BergkPart II. HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS The Berlin Wednesday Society Gunter BirtschThe Subversive Kant: The Vocabulary of "Public" and "Publicity" John Christian LaursenOn Enlightenment for the Common Man Jonathan B. KnudsenModern Culture Comes of Age: Hamann versus Kant on the Root Metaphor of Enlightenment Garrett GreenJacobi's Critique of the Enlightenment Dale E. SnowEarly Romanticism and the Aujkliirung Frederick C. BeiserProgress: Ideas, Skepticism, and CritiqueTheHeritage of the Enlightenment Rudolph VierhausPart III. TWENTIETH-CENTURY QUESTIONSWhat Is Enlightenment? Rudiger BittnerReason Against Itself: Some Remarks on Enlightenment Max HorkheimerWhat Is Enlightened Thinking? Georg PichtWhat Is Critique? Michel FoucaultThe Unity of Reason in the Diversity oflts Voices ]iirgen HabermasThe Battle of Reason with the Imagination Hartmut Bohme and Gernot BohmeThe Failure of Kant's Imagination Jane KnellerThe Gender of Enlightenment Robin May SchottAutonomy, Individuality, and Self-Determination Lewis HinchmanEnlightened Cosmopolitanism: The Political Perspectiveof the Kantian "Sublime" Kevin Paul GeimanCONTRIBUTORS TO PARTS II AND III SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

James Schmidt is Chair of the Department of Political Science at Boston University. He is author of Maurice Merleau-Ponty: Between Phenomenology and Structuralism (1985).

• PREFACE I Introduction: What Is Enlightenment?A Question, Its Context, and Some Consequences James SchmidtPart I. THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DEBATE 1. The Question and Some Answers What Is to Be Done toward the Enlightenment of the Citizenry? (1783) Johann Karl MohsenOn the Question: What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Moses MendelssohnAn Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Immanuel KantThoughts on Enlightenment (1784) Karl Leonhard ReinholdA Couple of Gold Nuggets, from the ... Wastepaper,or Six Answers to Six Questions (1789) Christoph Martin Wieland2. The Public Use of Reason On Freedom of Thought and of the Press: For Princes, Ministers, and Writers (1784)On Freedom of the Press and Its Limits: For Consideration by Rulers, Censors, and Writers.(l787) Carl Friedrich BahrdtPublicity (1792) Friedrich Karl von MoserReclamation of the Freedom of Thought from the Princes of Europe, Who Have Oppressed It Until Now (1793) Johann Gottlieb Fichte3. Faith and Enlightenment Letter to ChristianJacob Kraus (18 December 1784) ·Johann Georg HamannMetacritique on the Purism of Reason (1784) Johann Georg HamannOn Enlightenment: Is It and Could It Be Dangerous to the State, to Religion, or Dangerous in General? A Word to Be Heeded by Princes, Statesmen, and Clergy (1788) Andreas Riem4. The Politics of Enlightenment Something Lessing Said: A Commentary on Journeys of the Popes(I782) Friedrich Heinrich JacobiTrue and False Political Enlightenment (1792) Friedrich Karl von MoserOn the Influence of Enlightenment on Revolutions (1794) Johann Heinrich TuftrunkDoes Enlightenment Cause Revolutions? (1795) Johann Adam BergkPart II. HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS The Berlin Wednesday Society Gunter BirtschThe Subversive Kant: The Vocabulary of "Public" and "Publicity" John Christian LaursenOn Enlightenment for the Common Man Jonathan B. KnudsenModern Culture Comes of Age: Hamann versus Kant on the Root Metaphor of Enlightenment Garrett GreenJacobi's Critique of the Enlightenment Dale E. SnowEarly Romanticism and the Aujkliirung Frederick C. BeiserProgress: Ideas, Skepticism, and CritiqueTheHeritage of the Enlightenment Rudolph VierhausPart III. TWENTIETH-CENTURY QUESTIONSWhat Is Enlightenment? Rudiger BittnerReason Against Itself: Some Remarks on Enlightenment Max HorkheimerWhat Is Enlightened Thinking? Georg PichtWhat Is Critique? Michel FoucaultThe Unity of Reason in the Diversity oflts Voices ]iirgen HabermasThe Battle of Reason with the Imagination Hartmut Bohme and Gernot BohmeThe Failure of Kant's Imagination Jane KnellerThe Gender of Enlightenment Robin May SchottAutonomy, Individuality, and Self-Determination Lewis HinchmanEnlightened Cosmopolitanism: The Political Perspectiveof the Kantian "Sublime" Kevin Paul GeimanCONTRIBUTORS TO PARTS II AND III SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

James Schmidt is Chair of the Department of Political Science at Boston University. He is author of Maurice Merleau-Ponty: Between Phenomenology and Structuralism (1985).

• PREFACE I Introduction: What Is Enlightenment?A Question, Its Context, and Some Consequences James SchmidtPart I. THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DEBATE 1. The Question and Some Answers What Is to Be Done toward the Enlightenment of the Citizenry? (1783) Johann Karl MohsenOn the Question: What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Moses MendelssohnAn Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment? (1784) Immanuel KantThoughts on Enlightenment (1784) Karl Leonhard ReinholdA Couple of Gold Nuggets, from the ... Wastepaper,or Six Answers to Six Questions (1789) Christoph Martin Wieland2. The Public Use of Reason On Freedom of Thought and of the Press: For Princes, Ministers, and Writers (1784)On Freedom of the Press and Its Limits: For Consideration by Rulers, Censors, and Writers.(l787) Carl Friedrich BahrdtPublicity (1792) Friedrich Karl von MoserReclamation of the Freedom of Thought from the Princes of Europe, Who Have Oppressed It Until Now (1793) Johann Gottlieb Fichte3. Faith and Enlightenment Letter to ChristianJacob Kraus (18 December 1784) ·Johann Georg HamannMetacritique on the Purism of Reason (1784) Johann Georg HamannOn Enlightenment: Is It and Could It Be Dangerous to the State, to Religion, or Dangerous in General? A Word to Be Heeded by Princes, Statesmen, and Clergy (1788) Andreas Riem4. The Politics of Enlightenment Something Lessing Said: A Commentary on Journeys of the Popes(I782) Friedrich Heinrich JacobiTrue and False Political Enlightenment (1792) Friedrich Karl von MoserOn the Influence of Enlightenment on Revolutions (1794) Johann Heinrich TuftrunkDoes Enlightenment Cause Revolutions? (1795) Johann Adam BergkPart II. HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS The Berlin Wednesday Society Gunter BirtschThe Subversive Kant: The Vocabulary of "Public" and "Publicity" John Christian LaursenOn Enlightenment for the Common Man Jonathan B. KnudsenModern Culture Comes of Age: Hamann versus Kant on the Root Metaphor of Enlightenment Garrett GreenJacobi's Critique of the Enlightenment Dale E. SnowEarly Romanticism and the Aujkliirung Frederick C. BeiserProgress: Ideas, Skepticism, and CritiqueTheHeritage of the Enlightenment Rudolph VierhausPart III. TWENTIETH-CENTURY QUESTIONSWhat Is Enlightenment? Rudiger BittnerReason Against Itself: Some Remarks on Enlightenment Max HorkheimerWhat Is Enlightened Thinking? Georg PichtWhat Is Critique? Michel FoucaultThe Unity of Reason in the Diversity oflts Voices ]iirgen HabermasThe Battle of Reason with the Imagination Hartmut Bohme and Gernot BohmeThe Failure of Kant's Imagination Jane KnellerThe Gender of Enlightenment Robin May SchottAutonomy, Individuality, and Self-Determination Lewis HinchmanEnlightened Cosmopolitanism: The Political Perspectiveof the Kantian "Sublime" Kevin Paul GeimanCONTRIBUTORS TO PARTS II AND III SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX