Corrupting Sea

Peregrine Horden is Wellcome Trust Research Lecturer in the History of Medicine, Royal Holloway, University of London. Nicholas Purcell is Fellow and Tutor in Ancient History, St John's College, Oxford. They began studying Mediterranean history when both were Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford.

"The Corrupting Sea is a book that all classicists should read." Classical Review "In their book The Corrupting Sea, Horden and Purcell have engaged in one of the most relentless intellectual reassessments to have been undertaken in recent times of the history of the pre-industrial Mediterranean. One seldom emerges from a book as rich as this, having had so many firmly-held notions shaken out of one's mind and having glimpsed so many enthralling new vistas on a once-familiar past." Professor Peter Brown, Princeton University "To bring together the economic and social history of so many periods and places within the great story of the Mediterranean is a remarkable achievement and Peregrine Horden and Nicholas Purcell should be congratulated upon it." Professor Colin Renfrew, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge "In recreating the Mediterranean for the new millennium, the authors offer a substantial achievement that challenges many long-held assumptions not only about the Mediterranean, but also about human relations with the environment and even the very nature of historical writing. It certainly deserves to provoke discussion among scholars from fields as broad as its own grand scope." Times Higher Education Supplement "The Corrupting Sea is a book of magisterial synthesis and scholarship - a huge multi-disciplinary literature turned into a narrative that is at once comprehensive, enjoyable, quirky and thought-provoking." Antiquity "This book will be indispensable for the serious student of the Mediterranean past and present." CHOICE "This is an important book that presents a powerful and original model of Mediterranean history that will be used, debated, and criticized by historians of all periods for years to come." English Historical Review "Horden and Purcell's new Mediterranean panorama, which will take a generation of historians to digest and implement, forms one of those manifest watersheds in the study of antiquity." Journal of Roman Archaeology "This book amounts to an often fascinating, and unerringly useful, compendium." International History Review "Here a generation of ecological historians ... has led the way. Horden and Purcell have synthesized that literature, extended its reach into the Middle Ages, and made it accessible to the general medievalist." Speculum "This impressive work synthesizes a vast amount of historical, geographical, archaelogical, and ethnographic knowledge about the Mediterranean region." Historical Geography

• List of Maps viiAcknowledgements ixNote on References xAbbreviations xiIntroduction 1Part One: ‘Frogs round a Pond’: Ideas of the Mediterranean 7I A Geographical Expression 91. What is the Mediterranean?;2. The Challenge of the Continents;3. The Mediterranean Disintegrated; 4. Intimations of UnityII a Historian’s Mediterranean 261. The Imaginary Sea; 2. Four Men in a Boat; 3. The End of the Mediterranean; 4. Mediterranean History; 5. Historical EcologyPart Two: ‘Short Distances and Definite Places’: Mediterranean Microecologies 51III Four Definite Places 531. The Biqa; 2. South Etruria; 3. The Green Mountain, Cyrenaica; 4. Melos; 5. ‘La trame du monde’; 6. Mountains and Pastures; 7. Theodoric and DanteIV Ecology and the Larger Settlement 891. An Urban Tradition; 2. Definitions; 3. The Urban Variable; 4. Types and Theories; 5. Consumption; 6. Settlement Ecology; 7. Autarky; 8. Dispersed HinterlandsV Connectivity 1231. Lines of Sound and Lines of Sight; 2. Extended Archipelagos; 3. Shipping Lanes; 4. Economies Compared; 5. The Early Medieval Depression; 6. Connectivity Maintained?; 7. Conclusion Copyrighted MaterialPart Three: Revolution and Catastrophe 173VI Imperatives of Survival: Diversify, Store, Redistribute 1751. The History of Mediterranean Food Systems; 2. The New Ecological Economic History; 3. Understanding the Marginal; 4. The Integrated Mediterranean Forest; 5. The Underestimated Mediterranean Wetland; 6. ‘These Places Feed Many Pickling-Fish .’; 7. Mediterranean Animal Husbandry; 8. Cereals and the Dry Margin; 9. The Case of the Tree-Crop; 10. The Mediterranean Garden; 11. The Smaller Mediterranean IslandVII Technology and Agrarian Change 2311. Working the Soil; 2. The Irrigated Landscape; 3. On the Diversity of Cultivated Plants; 4. Abatement and Intensification; 5. Anatomy of the Mediterranean Countryman; 6. Colonizations and Allotments; 7. The Reception of InnovationVIII Mediterranean Catastrophes 2981. On the History of Catastrophe; 2. An Unstable World; 3. Alluvial Catastrophe and its Causes; 4. Sediments and History; 5. The History of Vegetation; 6. Environmental History without CatastropheIX Mobility of Goods and People 3421. Inescapable Redistribution; 2. Animal, Vegetable and ; 3. The Problem of Mediterranean Textiles; 4. Problems with High Commerce; 5. The Ultimate Resource; 6. Organized Mobility; 7. Places of RedistributionPart Four: The Geography of Religion 401X ‘territories of Grace’ 4031. Religion and the Physical Environment; 2. A Perilous Environment; 3. The Sacralized Economy; 4. The Religion of Mobility; 5. The Religion of Boundary and BelongingPart Five: ‘Museums of Man’? The Uses of Social Anthropology 461XI ‘mists of Time’: Anthropology and Continuity 4631. Survivals Revisited; 2. Balanced Arcadias; 3. The Presence of the Past; 4. UpstreamingXII ‘i also Have a Moustache’: Anthropology andMediterranean Unity 4851. Grands faits méditerranéens?; 2. Mediterranean Values?; 3. Honour and Shame I; 4. Honour and Shame II; 5. Honour in the City; 6. Pattern and Depth; 7. Distinctiveness; 8. Origins; 9. History; 10. The Case for MediterraneanismBibliographical Essays 530Consolidated Bibliography 642Index 737