Maurice Meisner is the Harvey Goldberg Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Visiting Centennial Professor at the London School of Economics. His writings, which have been translated into Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, German, Spanish, and Portuguese, include Li Ta-chao and the Origins of Chinese Marxism; Marxism, Maoism and Utopianism; and many other works on modern Chinese history.

Foreign Affairs Of the thousands of books that have been written about contemporary China, only a few will stand the test of time. This is one of them.

• ContentsPreface to the Third EditionPART ONE: THE REVOLUTIONARY HERITAGE1. Western Imperialism and the Weakness of Chinese Social Classes2. The Defection of the Intellectuals3. The Abortiveness of Bourgeois and Proletarian Revolution4. The Maoist Revolution and the Yan'an LegacyPART TWO: THE NEW ORDER, 1949-19555. The New State6. The Cities: The Rise and Fall of National Capitalism7. Land Reform: The Bourgeois Revolution in the Countryside8. The Social and Political Consequences of Industrialization9. Agricultural Collectivization, 1953-1957PART THREE: UTOPIANISM, 1956-196010. The Hundred Flowers: Socialism, Bureaucracy, and Freedom11. Permanent Revolution: The Ideological Origins of the Great Leap12. Economics of the Great Leap Forward13. The People's Communes and the "Transition to Communism": 1958-1960PART FOUR: THE THERMIDORIAN REACTION, 1960-196514. The Bureaucratic Restoration15. The New Economic Policy, 1961-196516. The Socialist Education Movement, 1962-1965PART FIVE: THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION. AND ITS AFTERMATH, 1966-197617. The Concept of Cultural Revolution18. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, 1966-196919. Social Results of the Cultural Revolution20. The Aftermath of the Cultural Revolution and the Close of the Maoist Era, 1969-1976PART SIX: DENG XIAOPING AND THE ORIGINS OF CHINESE CAPITALISM, 1976-199821. The Legacies of the Maoist Era22. The Rise of Deng Xiaoping and the Critique of Maoism23. Market Reforms and the Development of Capitalism24. The Struggle for Democracy25. The End of the Reign of Deng Xiaoping: China in the 1990sSelected BibliographyIndex

Maurice Meisner is the Harvey Goldberg Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Visiting Centennial Professor at the London School of Economics. His writings, which have been translated into Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, German, Spanish, and Portuguese, include Li Ta-chao and the Origins of Chinese Marxism; Marxism, Maoism and Utopianism; and many other works on modern Chinese history.

Foreign Affairs Of the thousands of books that have been written about contemporary China, only a few will stand the test of time. This is one of them.

• ContentsPreface to the Third EditionPART ONE: THE REVOLUTIONARY HERITAGE1. Western Imperialism and the Weakness of Chinese Social Classes2. The Defection of the Intellectuals3. The Abortiveness of Bourgeois and Proletarian Revolution4. The Maoist Revolution and the Yan'an LegacyPART TWO: THE NEW ORDER, 1949-19555. The New State6. The Cities: The Rise and Fall of National Capitalism7. Land Reform: The Bourgeois Revolution in the Countryside8. The Social and Political Consequences of Industrialization9. Agricultural Collectivization, 1953-1957PART THREE: UTOPIANISM, 1956-196010. The Hundred Flowers: Socialism, Bureaucracy, and Freedom11. Permanent Revolution: The Ideological Origins of the Great Leap12. Economics of the Great Leap Forward13. The People's Communes and the "Transition to Communism": 1958-1960PART FOUR: THE THERMIDORIAN REACTION, 1960-196514. The Bureaucratic Restoration15. The New Economic Policy, 1961-196516. The Socialist Education Movement, 1962-1965PART FIVE: THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION. AND ITS AFTERMATH, 1966-197617. The Concept of Cultural Revolution18. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, 1966-196919. Social Results of the Cultural Revolution20. The Aftermath of the Cultural Revolution and the Close of the Maoist Era, 1969-1976PART SIX: DENG XIAOPING AND THE ORIGINS OF CHINESE CAPITALISM, 1976-199821. The Legacies of the Maoist Era22. The Rise of Deng Xiaoping and the Critique of Maoism23. Market Reforms and the Development of Capitalism24. The Struggle for Democracy25. The End of the Reign of Deng Xiaoping: China in the 1990sSelected BibliographyIndex

Maurice Meisner is the Harvey Goldberg Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Visiting Centennial Professor at the London School of Economics. His writings, which have been translated into Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, German, Spanish, and Portuguese, include Li Ta-chao and the Origins of Chinese Marxism; Marxism, Maoism and Utopianism; and many other works on modern Chinese history.

Foreign Affairs Of the thousands of books that have been written about contemporary China, only a few will stand the test of time. This is one of them.

• ContentsPreface to the Third EditionPART ONE: THE REVOLUTIONARY HERITAGE1. Western Imperialism and the Weakness of Chinese Social Classes2. The Defection of the Intellectuals3. The Abortiveness of Bourgeois and Proletarian Revolution4. The Maoist Revolution and the Yan'an LegacyPART TWO: THE NEW ORDER, 1949-19555. The New State6. The Cities: The Rise and Fall of National Capitalism7. Land Reform: The Bourgeois Revolution in the Countryside8. The Social and Political Consequences of Industrialization9. Agricultural Collectivization, 1953-1957PART THREE: UTOPIANISM, 1956-196010. The Hundred Flowers: Socialism, Bureaucracy, and Freedom11. Permanent Revolution: The Ideological Origins of the Great Leap12. Economics of the Great Leap Forward13. The People's Communes and the "Transition to Communism": 1958-1960PART FOUR: THE THERMIDORIAN REACTION, 1960-196514. The Bureaucratic Restoration15. The New Economic Policy, 1961-196516. The Socialist Education Movement, 1962-1965PART FIVE: THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION. AND ITS AFTERMATH, 1966-197617. The Concept of Cultural Revolution18. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, 1966-196919. Social Results of the Cultural Revolution20. The Aftermath of the Cultural Revolution and the Close of the Maoist Era, 1969-1976PART SIX: DENG XIAOPING AND THE ORIGINS OF CHINESE CAPITALISM, 1976-199821. The Legacies of the Maoist Era22. The Rise of Deng Xiaoping and the Critique of Maoism23. Market Reforms and the Development of Capitalism24. The Struggle for Democracy25. The End of the Reign of Deng Xiaoping: China in the 1990sSelected BibliographyIndex