The annual Campbell Prizes, which honor the memory of distinguished social scientist Donald T. Campbell, recognize outstanding social science research conducted by Lehigh students.                                                                                                                                                                      Donald T. Campbell passed away on May 6, 1996, leaving a legacy of high standards for social science inquiry to Lehigh University and the national and international social science community.He was University Professor of Social Relations, Psychology, and Education at Lehigh University until he retired in 1994. Campbell received his A.B. and Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley, and he held teaching positions at Northwestern University, Syracuse University, University of Chicago, and Ohio State University. During his career, he also lectured at Oxford, Harvard, and Yale Universities.He served as president of the American Psychological Association and was a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Campbell received numerous honorary degrees and awards. He wrote more than 235 articles in the areas of social psychology, sociology, anthropology, education, and philosophy, covering a broad scope of topics from social science methodology to philosophy of science.The Campbell Prize honors this aspiration for excellence. The prize of $500 is awarded for social science papers of high quality, methodological originality, and societal significance, as embodied in the work of the late Donald T. Campbell.Donald Campbell and his remarkable career earned a New York Times obituary and a Lehigh University faculty memorial resolution.

"This book is a cause for celebration for social scientists of all stripes."

• IntroductionPART ONE: VALIDITY OF ATTITUDE AND PERSONALITY TESTSTypes of ValidityConstruct, Trait, or Discriminant ValidityMultitrait-Multimethod Validity Matrix Does the method of Measurement Add Irrelevancies or Does It Dilute?The Current Status of Research on the Multitrait-Multimethod Validity MatrixThe Contemporary Philosophy of Science Appropriate to the Multitrait-Multimethod Validity Matrix Biases in Attitude and personality ScalesPART TWO: INDIRECT MEASURESFifteen Validity Issues Affecting All MeasuresIndirect Attitude MeasuresSeating Patterns as an Attitude IndexPART THREE: QUALITATIVE AND ETHNOGRAPHIC APPROACHESQualitative Research Methods in Program EvaluationThe Qualitative Case StudyUsing the Anthropologist′s InformantsThe Translation of Personality and Attitude TestsField-Manual AnthropologyPART FOUR: THE USE OF ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDSAdministrative Records as Ontinuous Experimental Laboratories for Experimental InnovationsWelfare Recipients and Social Workers as Judges of the Effectiveness of the ProgramPART FIVE: ETHICS AND RIGHTS OF SUBJECTSPreserving ConfidentialityProtection of Research Participants