Donna M. Mertens is Professor Emeritus, Department of Education, at Gallaudet University. She taught research methods and program evaluation to deaf and hearing students at the MA and PhD levels for over 30 years. She now teaches courses and professional development workshops around the world.She conducts research and evaluation studies on such topics as improvement of special education services in international settings, planning for the inclusion of students with disabilities in neighborhood schools, enhancing the educational experiences of students with disabilities, preventing sexual abuse in residential schools for deaf students, improving access to the court systems for deaf and hard-of-hearing people, and improving the preparation of teachers of the deaf through appropriate use of instructional technology. Her research focuses on improving methods of inquiry by integrating the perspectives of those who have experienced oppression in our society. She draws on the writings of feminists, racial and ethnic minorities, and people with disabilities, as well as Indigenous peoples who have addressed the issues of power and oppression and their implications for research methodology.Dr. Mertens has made numerous presentations at the meetings of the American Educational Research Association, American Evaluation Association, Australasian Evaluation Society, Association for College Educators of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, International Sociological Association, Mixed Methods International Research Association, American Psychological Association, African Evaluation Association, Canadian Evaluation Society, Visitors Studies Association, and other organizations that explore these themes. She served as president and board member of the American Evaluation Association from 1997 to 2002 and as a member of the Board of Trustees for the International Organization for Cooperation in Evaluation, 2002–2003. She served as editor for the Journal of Mixed Methods Research 2009-2014.Her publications include four edited volumes, Indigenous Pathways to Social Research (coedited with Fiona Cram and Bagele Chilisa, 2013), Handbook of Social Research Ethics (coedited with Pauline Ginsberg, 2009), Creative Ideas for Teaching Evaluation (1989), and Research and Inequality (coedited with Carole Truman and Beth Humphries, 2000), and several authored books, including Mixed Methods Design in Evaluation (2018), Program Evaluation: A Comprehensive Guide (2nd ed.) (with Amy Wilson, 2018), Transformative Research and Evaluation (2009), Research and Evaluation Methods in Special Education (coauthored with John McLaughlin, 2004), and Parents and Their Deaf Children (coauthored with Kay Meadow-Orlans and Marilyn Sass Lehrer, 2003). She also publishes many chapters and articles in edited volumes, encyclopedias, handbooks, and journals, such as Journal of Mixed Methods Research, Qualitative Social Work, Eye on Psi Chi, Educational Researcher, International Journal of Mixed Methods Research, New Directions for Program Evaluation, American Journal of Evaluation, American Annals of the Deaf, Studies in Educational Evaluation, and Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.

"In an era when government policy emphasizes ‘scientifically based research’ (No Child Left Behind), this book provides an important resource in understanding what this means."

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbout the Authors1. IntroductionQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion2. Program EvaluationQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion3. Literature ReviewPurposes of the Literature ReviewResources to Support the Literature ReviewReporting the Literature Review MethodAggregating Information for a Literature ReviewThe Integrated Literature ReviewQuestions to Critically Analyze the Literature ReviewQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion4. Quantitative Research Methods: Questions of ImpactPhilosophical Assumptions Associated With Quantitative ResearchQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion5. Other Quantitative Approaches: Casual Comparative, Correlational, Single Case, and Survey ResearchCausal Comparative and Correlational ResearchQuestions for Critically Analyzing Causal Comparative and Correlational ResearchQuestions for Critically Anaylzing Single-Case DesignsSurvey ResearchQuestions for Critically Analyzing Survey ResearchQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion6. Qualitative MethodsDefinition and Characteristics of Qualitative MethodsImportance of Qualitative Methods in Special Education ResearchPhilosophical Assumptions and Methodological Implications in Special Education ResearchQualitative Methods and Data Collection StrategiesCritically Analyzing Qualitative ResearchQuestions for Critically Analyzing Qualitative ResearchQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion7. Mixed Methods and Mixed Model DesignsDefinitions and CharacteristicsQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion8. Identification and Selection of Research ParticipantsPopulation and Sample DefinitionDesigning and Selecting SamplesGeneralizability, External Validity, and TransferabilityEthics and ConfidentialityQuestions for Critically Analyzing Sample Design and ImplementationQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion9. Information CollectionThe Purpose of Information CollectionTechnical Adequacy of Data Collection InstrumentsSelecting and Using a Measurement DeviceQuestions for Critically Analyzing Information Collection Strategies and InstrumentsQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion10. Data Analysis, Interpretation, and UseQuantitative Data AnaylsisChallenges in Analysis and InterpretationResponses to Analysis and Interpretation ChallengesQualitative Data Analysis and InterpretationReporting ResearchBeyond Reporting: Using Research ResultsQuestions for Critically Analyzing Data Analysis and InterpretationQuestions and Activities for Discussion and ApplicationAppendices1. Federal Definitions for Individuals with Disabilities2. Data Sources from Extant Data Bases3. Definitions of Statistical Terms4. Funding Resources5. Proposal OutlineReferencesIndex

Donna M. Mertens is Professor Emeritus, Department of Education, at Gallaudet University. She taught research methods and program evaluation to deaf and hearing students at the MA and PhD levels for over 30 years. She now teaches courses and professional development workshops around the world.She conducts research and evaluation studies on such topics as improvement of special education services in international settings, planning for the inclusion of students with disabilities in neighborhood schools, enhancing the educational experiences of students with disabilities, preventing sexual abuse in residential schools for deaf students, improving access to the court systems for deaf and hard-of-hearing people, and improving the preparation of teachers of the deaf through appropriate use of instructional technology. Her research focuses on improving methods of inquiry by integrating the perspectives of those who have experienced oppression in our society. She draws on the writings of feminists, racial and ethnic minorities, and people with disabilities, as well as Indigenous peoples who have addressed the issues of power and oppression and their implications for research methodology.Dr. Mertens has made numerous presentations at the meetings of the American Educational Research Association, American Evaluation Association, Australasian Evaluation Society, Association for College Educators of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, International Sociological Association, Mixed Methods International Research Association, American Psychological Association, African Evaluation Association, Canadian Evaluation Society, Visitors Studies Association, and other organizations that explore these themes. She served as president and board member of the American Evaluation Association from 1997 to 2002 and as a member of the Board of Trustees for the International Organization for Cooperation in Evaluation, 2002–2003. She served as editor for the Journal of Mixed Methods Research 2009-2014.Her publications include four edited volumes, Indigenous Pathways to Social Research (coedited with Fiona Cram and Bagele Chilisa, 2013), Handbook of Social Research Ethics (coedited with Pauline Ginsberg, 2009), Creative Ideas for Teaching Evaluation (1989), and Research and Inequality (coedited with Carole Truman and Beth Humphries, 2000), and several authored books, including Mixed Methods Design in Evaluation (2018), Program Evaluation: A Comprehensive Guide (2nd ed.) (with Amy Wilson, 2018), Transformative Research and Evaluation (2009), Research and Evaluation Methods in Special Education (coauthored with John McLaughlin, 2004), and Parents and Their Deaf Children (coauthored with Kay Meadow-Orlans and Marilyn Sass Lehrer, 2003). She also publishes many chapters and articles in edited volumes, encyclopedias, handbooks, and journals, such as Journal of Mixed Methods Research, Qualitative Social Work, Eye on Psi Chi, Educational Researcher, International Journal of Mixed Methods Research, New Directions for Program Evaluation, American Journal of Evaluation, American Annals of the Deaf, Studies in Educational Evaluation, and Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.

"In an era when government policy emphasizes ‘scientifically based research’ (No Child Left Behind), this book provides an important resource in understanding what this means."

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbout the Authors1. IntroductionQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion2. Program EvaluationQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion3. Literature ReviewPurposes of the Literature ReviewResources to Support the Literature ReviewReporting the Literature Review MethodAggregating Information for a Literature ReviewThe Integrated Literature ReviewQuestions to Critically Analyze the Literature ReviewQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion4. Quantitative Research Methods: Questions of ImpactPhilosophical Assumptions Associated With Quantitative ResearchQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion5. Other Quantitative Approaches: Casual Comparative, Correlational, Single Case, and Survey ResearchCausal Comparative and Correlational ResearchQuestions for Critically Analyzing Causal Comparative and Correlational ResearchQuestions for Critically Anaylzing Single-Case DesignsSurvey ResearchQuestions for Critically Analyzing Survey ResearchQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion6. Qualitative MethodsDefinition and Characteristics of Qualitative MethodsImportance of Qualitative Methods in Special Education ResearchPhilosophical Assumptions and Methodological Implications in Special Education ResearchQualitative Methods and Data Collection StrategiesCritically Analyzing Qualitative ResearchQuestions for Critically Analyzing Qualitative ResearchQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion7. Mixed Methods and Mixed Model DesignsDefinitions and CharacteristicsQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion8. Identification and Selection of Research ParticipantsPopulation and Sample DefinitionDesigning and Selecting SamplesGeneralizability, External Validity, and TransferabilityEthics and ConfidentialityQuestions for Critically Analyzing Sample Design and ImplementationQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion9. Information CollectionThe Purpose of Information CollectionTechnical Adequacy of Data Collection InstrumentsSelecting and Using a Measurement DeviceQuestions for Critically Analyzing Information Collection Strategies and InstrumentsQuestions and Activities for Application and Discussion10. Data Analysis, Interpretation, and UseQuantitative Data AnaylsisChallenges in Analysis and InterpretationResponses to Analysis and Interpretation ChallengesQualitative Data Analysis and InterpretationReporting ResearchBeyond Reporting: Using Research ResultsQuestions for Critically Analyzing Data Analysis and InterpretationQuestions and Activities for Discussion and ApplicationAppendices1. Federal Definitions for Individuals with Disabilities2. Data Sources from Extant Data Bases3. Definitions of Statistical Terms4. Funding Resources5. Proposal OutlineReferencesIndex