Joseph P. Merlino, M.D., M.P.A., is Immediate Past President of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis & Dynamic Psychiatry, one of the nation's four major psychoanalytic organizations. He is Director of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health at Queens Hospital Center in New York and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine. Dr. Merlino is also Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at New York Medical College, where he is also Supervising and Training Analyst. Joseph P. Merlino, MD, MPA is a Distinguished Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, a Fellow of The American Academy of Psychoanalysis & Dynamic Psychiatry, and a member of the prestigious Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry and the American College of Psychiatrists. He is Chairperson of the Board of Directors of the Opportunity Charter School in Harlem, New York.Marilyn S. Jacobs, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst in private practice in Los Angeles, California. In addition to providing psychoanalytic psychotherapy, Dr. Jacobs specializes in medical psychoanalysis, the treatment of patients with pain disorders and consultations with physicians about medical care decision making. Dr. Jacobs is a Training and Supervising Psychoanalyst and Senior Member at the Institute of Contemporary Psychoanalysis in Los Angeles. She holds the appointment of Assistant Clinical Professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Medical Center. Dr. Jacobs is an active member of Division 39 (Psychoanalysis) of the American Psychological Association, where she has served as Secretary to the Board of Directors. Dr. Jacobs has a longstanding interest in political psychoanalysis and is the author of American Psychology in the Quest for Nuclear Peace (Greenwood, 1987). Judy Ann Kaplan, C.S.W., is Immediate Past-President, and a former National Study Group Member of the National Membership Committee on Psychoanalysis in Clinical Social Work (NMCOP), and a Distinguished Practitio

Going back to a time "before Freud" is as unimaginable as going back to "before Newton." Freud gave us the keys to a new dimension in the rational and scientific understanding of human beings, including when they act in the most irrational way. These keys have evolved and have been refined but we keep using them. But so far no alternative has emerged to convincingly challenge the set of understandings which we were given by Freud: namely, that each individual has an inner world; that the (often repressed) unconscious affects our well-being and our relations with others; that our psyches are not whole but divided into parts which are usually in conflict with each other; that humans tend toward certain forms of motivated irrationality of which they have little or no awareness; and that many of these insights also apply to culture, society and politics. Freud's insights were relevant for the political circumstances surrounding their creation. They are still relevant today when once again we have to deal with fundamentalist threats.

• Chapter 1 AcknowledgementsChapter 2 PrefaceChapter 3 IntroductionPart 4 Sigmund Freud: Conquistador of the UnconsciousChapter 5 Sigmund Freud: Conquistador of the UnconsciousChapter 6 Is Psychoanalysis an Art, a Science, A Religion, or a Fraud?Part 7 Freud: 2006Chapter 8 The Historical ContextChapter 9 An Overview of Freud's LifeChapter 10 The Development of PsychoanalysisChapter 11 Colleagues and PatientsChapter 12 Unveiling the 21st CenturyChapter 13 Freud in Art and LiteratureChapter 14 Freud and the 21st CenturyPart 15 Freud's Place in Our Minds: A Day of Reflection on Sigmund Freud's Significance in the 21st CenturyChapter 16 Freud's Legacy and New Challenges in Clinical TreatmentChapter 17 The Application of Psychoanalysis in Non-Clinical DomainsChapter 18 Freud's Model of the Mind and Its Significance for Modern LifeChapter 19 Psychoanalysis and Society: Can Psychoanalysis Help to Understand Modern Conflicts?Chapter 20 Freud's Significance in the 21st CenturyPart 21 About the Contributors

Joseph P. Merlino, M.D., M.P.A., is Immediate Past President of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis & Dynamic Psychiatry, one of the nation's four major psychoanalytic organizations. He is Director of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health at Queens Hospital Center in New York and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine. Dr. Merlino is also Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at New York Medical College, where he is also Supervising and Training Analyst. Joseph P. Merlino, MD, MPA is a Distinguished Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, a Fellow of The American Academy of Psychoanalysis & Dynamic Psychiatry, and a member of the prestigious Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry and the American College of Psychiatrists. He is Chairperson of the Board of Directors of the Opportunity Charter School in Harlem, New York.Marilyn S. Jacobs, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst in private practice in Los Angeles, California. In addition to providing psychoanalytic psychotherapy, Dr. Jacobs specializes in medical psychoanalysis, the treatment of patients with pain disorders and consultations with physicians about medical care decision making. Dr. Jacobs is a Training and Supervising Psychoanalyst and Senior Member at the Institute of Contemporary Psychoanalysis in Los Angeles. She holds the appointment of Assistant Clinical Professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Medical Center. Dr. Jacobs is an active member of Division 39 (Psychoanalysis) of the American Psychological Association, where she has served as Secretary to the Board of Directors. Dr. Jacobs has a longstanding interest in political psychoanalysis and is the author of American Psychology in the Quest for Nuclear Peace (Greenwood, 1987). Judy Ann Kaplan, C.S.W., is Immediate Past-President, and a former National Study Group Member of the National Membership Committee on Psychoanalysis in Clinical Social Work (NMCOP), and a Distinguished Practitio

Going back to a time "before Freud" is as unimaginable as going back to "before Newton." Freud gave us the keys to a new dimension in the rational and scientific understanding of human beings, including when they act in the most irrational way. These keys have evolved and have been refined but we keep using them. But so far no alternative has emerged to convincingly challenge the set of understandings which we were given by Freud: namely, that each individual has an inner world; that the (often repressed) unconscious affects our well-being and our relations with others; that our psyches are not whole but divided into parts which are usually in conflict with each other; that humans tend toward certain forms of motivated irrationality of which they have little or no awareness; and that many of these insights also apply to culture, society and politics. Freud's insights were relevant for the political circumstances surrounding their creation. They are still relevant today when once again we have to deal with fundamentalist threats.

• Chapter 1 AcknowledgementsChapter 2 PrefaceChapter 3 IntroductionPart 4 Sigmund Freud: Conquistador of the UnconsciousChapter 5 Sigmund Freud: Conquistador of the UnconsciousChapter 6 Is Psychoanalysis an Art, a Science, A Religion, or a Fraud?Part 7 Freud: 2006Chapter 8 The Historical ContextChapter 9 An Overview of Freud's LifeChapter 10 The Development of PsychoanalysisChapter 11 Colleagues and PatientsChapter 12 Unveiling the 21st CenturyChapter 13 Freud in Art and LiteratureChapter 14 Freud and the 21st CenturyPart 15 Freud's Place in Our Minds: A Day of Reflection on Sigmund Freud's Significance in the 21st CenturyChapter 16 Freud's Legacy and New Challenges in Clinical TreatmentChapter 17 The Application of Psychoanalysis in Non-Clinical DomainsChapter 18 Freud's Model of the Mind and Its Significance for Modern LifeChapter 19 Psychoanalysis and Society: Can Psychoanalysis Help to Understand Modern Conflicts?Chapter 20 Freud's Significance in the 21st CenturyPart 21 About the Contributors