Willie van Peer is Professor of Literary Studies at the University of Munich. He is the author of several books on poetics and the epistemological foundations of literary studies, including The Taming of the Text: Explorations in Language, Literature, and Culture. Seymour Chatman is Professor Emeritus of Rhetoric and Film Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of several books on literary and cinematic narratology, including Coming to Terms: The Rhetoric of Narrative in Fiction and Film.

"By far the best thing about this book is the mix of authors. We find first-rate literary theorists, psychologists, film critics, and linguists all writing about more or less the same thing but, of course, from very different perspectives. A nice mix of humanistic and empirical scholarship." — Colin Martindale, University of Maine"This book is very timely, in light of current developments in American stylistics. American scholars, except for researchers like Chatman, Gerald Prince, and Ann Banfield, have tended to shy away from global treatments of narrative, whereas this subject has been a focus of a great deal of research in Europe for the last twenty years. In addition, partly as a response to the excesses of so-called literary theory, interest has mounted in a more empirical approach to literary analysis. This volume speaks to both of these developments. It will constitute an important statement within an emergent sub-discipline of stylistics, and should help alter the terms of current debate over literary theory." — Donald C. Freeman, University of Southern California

• List of Illustrations Acknowledgments IntroductionWillie van Peer and Seymour Chatman Part I: Concepts 1. On the Narrative ConnectionNoel Carroll 2. A Point of View on Point of View or Refocusing FocalizationGerald Prince 3. Why Narrators Can Be Focalizers—and Why It MattersJames Phelan Part II: History 4. The Origins of Figural Narration in AntiquityIrene J. F. de Jong 5. The Rise and Fall of Empathetic Narrative: A Historical Perspective on PerspectiveSylvia Adamson 6. The Establishment of Internal Focalization in Odd Pronominal ContextsMonika Fludernik Part III: Applications and Case Studies 7. Ironic Perspective: Conrad's Secret AgentSeymour Chatman 8. Point of View and Viewer Empathy in FilmEls Andringa, Petra van Horssen, Astrid Jacobs, and Ed Tan 9. Breaking Conventional Barriers: Transgressions of Modes of FocalizationDan Shen 10. Holding onto Established Viewpoints during Processing News ReportsHerre van Oostendorp 11. Actor-Role Analysis: Ideology, Point of View, and the NewsWarren Sack Part IV: Comprehension 12. On the Perspective Structure of Narrative Texts: Steps toward a Constructvist NarratologyAnsgar Nunning 13. Situation Models and Point of View in Narrative UnderstandingDaniel Morrow 14. Collective Perspective, Individual Perspective, and the Speaker in Between: On "We" Literary NarrativesUri Margolin 15. Who Said What? Who Knows What? Tracking Speakers and Knowledge in NarrativesArthur C. Grasser, Cheryl Bowers, Ute J. Bayen, and Xiangen Hu Part V: Effects and Consequences 16. Prolegomena for a Science of PsychonarratologyPeter Dixon and Marisa Bortolussi 17. Shifting Perspectives: Readers' Feelings and Literary ResponseDavid S. Miall and Don Kuiken 18. Perspective as ParticipationRichard J. Gerrig 19. Justice in PerspectiveWillie van Peer 20. Elipogue: Research Questions, Research Paradigms, and Research Methodologies in the Study of NarrativeMick Short Glossary Bibliography Contributors Name Index Subject Index

Willie van Peer is Professor of Literary Studies at the University of Munich. He is the author of several books on poetics and the epistemological foundations of literary studies, including The Taming of the Text: Explorations in Language, Literature, and Culture. Seymour Chatman is Professor Emeritus of Rhetoric and Film Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of several books on literary and cinematic narratology, including Coming to Terms: The Rhetoric of Narrative in Fiction and Film.

"By far the best thing about this book is the mix of authors. We find first-rate literary theorists, psychologists, film critics, and linguists all writing about more or less the same thing but, of course, from very different perspectives. A nice mix of humanistic and empirical scholarship." — Colin Martindale, University of Maine"This book is very timely, in light of current developments in American stylistics. American scholars, except for researchers like Chatman, Gerald Prince, and Ann Banfield, have tended to shy away from global treatments of narrative, whereas this subject has been a focus of a great deal of research in Europe for the last twenty years. In addition, partly as a response to the excesses of so-called literary theory, interest has mounted in a more empirical approach to literary analysis. This volume speaks to both of these developments. It will constitute an important statement within an emergent sub-discipline of stylistics, and should help alter the terms of current debate over literary theory." — Donald C. Freeman, University of Southern California

• List of Illustrations Acknowledgments IntroductionWillie van Peer and Seymour Chatman Part I: Concepts 1. On the Narrative ConnectionNoel Carroll 2. A Point of View on Point of View or Refocusing FocalizationGerald Prince 3. Why Narrators Can Be Focalizers—and Why It MattersJames Phelan Part II: History 4. The Origins of Figural Narration in AntiquityIrene J. F. de Jong 5. The Rise and Fall of Empathetic Narrative: A Historical Perspective on PerspectiveSylvia Adamson 6. The Establishment of Internal Focalization in Odd Pronominal ContextsMonika Fludernik Part III: Applications and Case Studies 7. Ironic Perspective: Conrad's Secret AgentSeymour Chatman 8. Point of View and Viewer Empathy in FilmEls Andringa, Petra van Horssen, Astrid Jacobs, and Ed Tan 9. Breaking Conventional Barriers: Transgressions of Modes of FocalizationDan Shen 10. Holding onto Established Viewpoints during Processing News ReportsHerre van Oostendorp 11. Actor-Role Analysis: Ideology, Point of View, and the NewsWarren Sack Part IV: Comprehension 12. On the Perspective Structure of Narrative Texts: Steps toward a Constructvist NarratologyAnsgar Nunning 13. Situation Models and Point of View in Narrative UnderstandingDaniel Morrow 14. Collective Perspective, Individual Perspective, and the Speaker in Between: On "We" Literary NarrativesUri Margolin 15. Who Said What? Who Knows What? Tracking Speakers and Knowledge in NarrativesArthur C. Grasser, Cheryl Bowers, Ute J. Bayen, and Xiangen Hu Part V: Effects and Consequences 16. Prolegomena for a Science of PsychonarratologyPeter Dixon and Marisa Bortolussi 17. Shifting Perspectives: Readers' Feelings and Literary ResponseDavid S. Miall and Don Kuiken 18. Perspective as ParticipationRichard J. Gerrig 19. Justice in PerspectiveWillie van Peer 20. Elipogue: Research Questions, Research Paradigms, and Research Methodologies in the Study of NarrativeMick Short Glossary Bibliography Contributors Name Index Subject Index

Willie van Peer is Professor of Literary Studies at the University of Munich. He is the author of several books on poetics and the epistemological foundations of literary studies, including The Taming of the Text: Explorations in Language, Literature, and Culture. Seymour Chatman is Professor Emeritus of Rhetoric and Film Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of several books on literary and cinematic narratology, including Coming to Terms: The Rhetoric of Narrative in Fiction and Film.

"By far the best thing about this book is the mix of authors. We find first-rate literary theorists, psychologists, film critics, and linguists all writing about more or less the same thing but, of course, from very different perspectives. A nice mix of humanistic and empirical scholarship." — Colin Martindale, University of Maine"This book is very timely, in light of current developments in American stylistics. American scholars, except for researchers like Chatman, Gerald Prince, and Ann Banfield, have tended to shy away from global treatments of narrative, whereas this subject has been a focus of a great deal of research in Europe for the last twenty years. In addition, partly as a response to the excesses of so-called literary theory, interest has mounted in a more empirical approach to literary analysis. This volume speaks to both of these developments. It will constitute an important statement within an emergent sub-discipline of stylistics, and should help alter the terms of current debate over literary theory." — Donald C. Freeman, University of Southern California

• List of Illustrations Acknowledgments IntroductionWillie van Peer and Seymour Chatman Part I: Concepts 1. On the Narrative ConnectionNoel Carroll 2. A Point of View on Point of View or Refocusing FocalizationGerald Prince 3. Why Narrators Can Be Focalizers—and Why It MattersJames Phelan Part II: History 4. The Origins of Figural Narration in AntiquityIrene J. F. de Jong 5. The Rise and Fall of Empathetic Narrative: A Historical Perspective on PerspectiveSylvia Adamson 6. The Establishment of Internal Focalization in Odd Pronominal ContextsMonika Fludernik Part III: Applications and Case Studies 7. Ironic Perspective: Conrad's Secret AgentSeymour Chatman 8. Point of View and Viewer Empathy in FilmEls Andringa, Petra van Horssen, Astrid Jacobs, and Ed Tan 9. Breaking Conventional Barriers: Transgressions of Modes of FocalizationDan Shen 10. Holding onto Established Viewpoints during Processing News ReportsHerre van Oostendorp 11. Actor-Role Analysis: Ideology, Point of View, and the NewsWarren Sack Part IV: Comprehension 12. On the Perspective Structure of Narrative Texts: Steps toward a Constructvist NarratologyAnsgar Nunning 13. Situation Models and Point of View in Narrative UnderstandingDaniel Morrow 14. Collective Perspective, Individual Perspective, and the Speaker in Between: On "We" Literary NarrativesUri Margolin 15. Who Said What? Who Knows What? Tracking Speakers and Knowledge in NarrativesArthur C. Grasser, Cheryl Bowers, Ute J. Bayen, and Xiangen Hu Part V: Effects and Consequences 16. Prolegomena for a Science of PsychonarratologyPeter Dixon and Marisa Bortolussi 17. Shifting Perspectives: Readers' Feelings and Literary ResponseDavid S. Miall and Don Kuiken 18. Perspective as ParticipationRichard J. Gerrig 19. Justice in PerspectiveWillie van Peer 20. Elipogue: Research Questions, Research Paradigms, and Research Methodologies in the Study of NarrativeMick Short Glossary Bibliography Contributors Name Index Subject Index