Military Sociology

David R. Segal is Professor Emeritus of Sociology, Distinguished Scholar-Teacher, and Founding Director of the Center for Research on Military Organization at the University of Maryland. He is a past editor of Armed Forces & Society and a past president of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, and spent the first decade of his academic career at the University of Michigan. He directed the sociological research program at the Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences during the transition from conscription to an all-recruited army. He has testified to several congressional committees and served as a consultant to the White House and to several federal agencies. He continues to conduct research and publish on military personnel and organizational issues. He serves as a Selective Service board member and as a member of the Army Education Advisory Committee. James Burk is a professor of Sociology at Texas A&M University. His current research interests include civil-military relations, democratic citizenship, and the ethics of humanitarian interventions.

• VOLUME ONE: ORIGINS OF MILITARY SOCIOLOGYPART ONE: CLASSICAL ANTECEDENTSHow Pacifist Were the Founding Fathers? War and Violence in Classical Sociology - Sinisa MalesevicWar and Militarism in the Thought of Herbert Spencer - Fabrizio BattistelliWith an Unpublished Letter on the Anglo-Boer WarPART TWO: ACADEMIC SPECIALIZATIONConsequences of Social Science Research on the U.S. Military - Morris JanowitzMorris Janowitz and the Origins of Sociological Research on Armed Forces and Society - James BurkSocial Science Research, War and the Military in the United States - Bernard BoënePART THREE: WORLD WAR II AS A PIVOT POINTHow These Volumes Came to Be Produced - Samuel Stouffer et alField Observations and Surveys in a Combat Zone - Robin Williams JrThe American Soldier and Its Critics - M. Brewster SmithWhat Survives the Attack on Positivism?Cohesion and Disintegration of the Wehrmacht in World War II - Edward Shils and Morris JanowitzThe Small Warship - George HomansPART FOUR: THE COLD WARBuddy Relations and Combat Performance - Roger LittleThe Implications of Project Clear - Paul ForemanCohesion and Disintegration in the American Army - Paul Savage and Richard GabrielAn Alternative Perspective to Savage and Gabriel - John FarisVOLUME TWO: MILITARY ORGANIZATIONPART ONE: TRENDS IN MILITARY ORGANIZATIONThe Decline of the Mass Army - Morris JanowitzThe Decline of the Mass Army in the West - Jacques van DoornPART THREE: INSTITUTIONAL/OCCUPATIONAL THESISFrom Institution to Occupation - Charles MoskosTrends in Military OrganizationMeasuring the Institutional/Occupational Change Thesis - David SegalPART FOUR: THE POSTMODERN MILITARYToward a Postmodern Military - Charles MoskosThe United States as a ParadigmAre Post-Cold War Militaries Postmodern? - Bradford Booth, Meyer Kestnbaum and David SegalPART FIVE: ALTERNATE SOURCES OF PERSONNEL: RESERVES AND CIVILIANSThe Naval Reservist - Louis Zurcher JrAn Empirical Assessment of Ephemeral Role EnactmentThe U.S. Navy′s Maiden Voyage - Ryan KeltyEffects of Integrating Sailors and Civilian Mariners on DeploymentPART SIX: RECRUITMENTWho Chooses Military Service? - Jerald Bachman et alCollege, Jobs or the Military - Meredith KleykampEnlistment during a Time of WarPART SEVEN: SOCIAL COMPOSITIONHispanics and African Americans in the U.S. Military - Mady Wechsler Segal et alTrends in RepresentationWomen′s Military Roles Cross-Nationally - Mady Wechsler SegalDon′t Ask, Don′t Tell - Aaron BelkinIs the Gay Ban Based on Military Necessity?PART EIGHT: THE MILITARY PROFESSIONStudies in the Genesis of the Naval Profession - Norbert EliasProfessionals in Violence - Morris JanowitzPower, Expertise and the Military Profession - Samuel HuntingtonThe Late Profession of Arms - Philip AbramsAmbiguous Goals and Deteriorating Means in BritainExplaining the Construction of Professionalism in the Military - Julia EvettsHistory, Concepts and TheoriesVOLUME THREE: CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONSPART ONE: CIVILIAN CONTROL Power, Professionalism and Civilian Control - Samuel HuntingtonMilitary Professionalism and Civilian Control - Arthur LarsonCrisis as Shirking - Peter FeaverAn Agency Theory Explanation of the Souring of American Civil-Military RelationsPART TWO: MILITARY FAMILIESThe Military and the Family as Greedy Institutions - Mady Wechseler SegalFamily Formation in the U.S. Military - Jennifer Hickes Lundquist and Herbert SmithEvidence from the NLSY When Race Makes No Difference - Jennifer Hickes LundquistMarriage and the MilitaryMilitary Families and Children during Operation Iraqi Freedom - Stephen Cozza, Ryo Chun and James PoloPART THREE: PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR THE MILITARYWhat Costs Will Democracies Bear? A Review of Popular Theories of Casualty Aversion - Hugh SmithPublic Support for Peacekeeping in Lebanon and Somalia - James BurkAssessing the Casualties HypothesisSuccess Matters - Christopher Gelpi, Peter Feaver and Jason ReiflerCasualty Sensitivity and the War in IraqPART FOUR: MILITARIZATION OF SOCIETYThe Idea and Nature of Militarism - Alfred VagtsA Nation-in-Arms - Uri Ben-EliezerState, Nation and Militarism in Israel′s First YearsThe New Militarism - Michael MannMajor Armed Conflicts, Militarization and Life Chances - Steve Carlton-FordA Pooled Time-Series AnalysisVOLUME FOUR: EXPERIENCE OF WARPART ONE: HOW MILITARY SERVICE AFFECTS VETERANSA School for the Nation? How Military Service Does Not Build Nations, and How It Might - Ronald KrebsCombat Experience and Emotional Health Impairment and Resilience in Later Life - Glen Elder and Elizabeth ClippRacial Differences in the Impact of Military Service on the Socioeconomic Status of Women Veterans - Richard Cooney et al20th Century Theories on Combat Motivation and Breakdown - Simon WesselyPART TWO: TALKING ABOUT WARThe Rhetoric of American Foreign Policy - Philip WanderRhetoric, Public Opinion and Policy in the American Debate over the Japanese Emperor during World War II - Hal BrandsRhetorical Persuasion and Storytelling in the Military - Giuseppe CaforioPART THREE: REMEMBERING WARWar Poetry, Romanticism and the Return of the Sacred - Jay WinterWoman, Citizenship and Civic Sacrifice - Kimberly JensenEngendering Patriotism in the First World War The Vietnam Veterans Memorial - Robin Wagner-Pacifici and Barry SchwartzCommemorating a Difficult PastRemembering and Forgetting the War Elite: Mythmaking, Mass Reaction and Sino-Japanese Relations, 1950-2006 - Yinan HeVOLUME FIVE: THE USE AND CONTROL OF FORCE PART ONE: THE USE OF FORCEThe Logic of War - Morris JanowitzStrategic Assumptions and Moral Implications of the Constabulary Force - James BurkTheories of the New Western Way of War - Martin ShawWhat Are Armed Forces For? The Changing Nature of Military Roles in Europe - Timothy EdmundsPART TWO: WAR AND STATE FORMATION IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVEHow War Made States and vice versa - Charles TillyWhy No Trade-off between ′Guns and Butter′? Armed Forces and Social Spending in the Advanced Industrial Democracies, 1960-1993 - Brian GiffordAmerican Exceptionalism Revisited - Gregory Hooks and Brian McQueenThe Military-Industrial Complex, Racial Tension and the Underdeveloped Welfare StatePART THREE: CHRONIC WARS AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION The Garrison State - Harold LasswellThe Military Ascendancy - C. Wright MillsWhy Didn′t the United States Become a Garrison State? - Aaron FriedbergPART FOUR: PEACEKEEPINGU.N. Peacekeepers - Charles Moskos JrThe Constabulary Ethic and Military ProfessionalismIs a Peacekeeping Culture Emerging among American Infantry in the Sinai MFO? - David SegalMisplaced Loyalties - Donna WinslowThe Role of Military Culture in the Breakdown of Discipline in Peace OperationsMilitary Culture and Strategic Peacekeeping - Christopher Dandeker and James Gow