10th International Conference on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery

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• Keynote AddressesChapter 1: Modelling, dynamic behaviour and diagnostics of cracked rotorsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CRACK BREATHING MECHANISM3 CRACK PROPAGATION AND SHAPE4 IDENTIFICATION OF CRACKS IN ROTORS5 CONCLUSIONSChapter 2: Model based signal processing in Smart rotating machinesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 Detecting Traveling Wave Direction -Multiple Sensors3 ORDER TRACKING WITH MULTIPLE SENSORS4 ASYMMETRY AND DEFECT DETECTION IN ROTATING ELEMENTS5 SUMMARYRotordynamicsChapter 3: A full size rotor dynamic test rig for whole engine mechanics of aero enginesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ENGINEERING DESIGN OF THE SIMULATOR3 SIMULATION TECHNIQUES4 PROTOTYPE VALIDATION5 ConclusionChapter 4: Dynamic analysis of a harmonically excited on-board rotor-bearing systemABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ANALYTICAL MODELING OF AN ON-BOARD ROTOR-BEARING SYSTEM3 NUMERICAL EXAMPLES AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONSChapter 5: Vibration analysis of a shafting system for a marine diesel generator set including dynamic characteristics between shell and housing of generator bearingABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 DESCRIPTION OF ROTOR SYSTEM FOR MARINE DIESEL GENERATOR SET3 MODELLING FOR ROTORDYNAMIC ANALYSIS4 COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENT RESULTS AND COMPUTATIONAL CALCULATION RESULTS5 EFFECT OF GAP BETWEEN BEARING SHELL AND HOUSING6 ConclusionsChapter 6: An investigation into the dynamic response of a squeeze-film damped twin-shaft test rigABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 TEST RIG3 OVERVIEW OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS4 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONSChapter 7: Identification of foundations in rotating machinery using modal parametersABSTRACT2 INTRODUCTION3 THEORY4 NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION6 SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONSChapter 8: On the determination of bearing support pedestal conditions using shaker testingABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONSHAKER TESTING PROCESSEXAMPLE 1: LP TURBINE SYSTEM WITH VINTAGE SHRUNK-ON DISC DESIGNHOW TO ASSESS THE ACCEPTABILITY OF THE MEASURED FREQUENCIESBEARING SUPPORT STIFFNESS EVALUATIONMEASUREMENT ERRORSSTATIC AND DYNAMIC BEARING PEDESTAL STIFFNESS DEFINITIONROTOR DYNAMIC MODELS FOR RIGID SUPPORTSROTOR DYNAMIC MODELS WITH OIL-FILM AND BEARING SUPPORT CHARACTERISTICSEXAMPLE 2: ANOTHER VINTAGE DESIGN OF LP TURBINE SYSTEMIDENTIFICATION OF RELATIVE STRENGTHS OF SIMILAR PEDESTAL STRUCTURES BY SHAKER TESTINGRESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSCONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 9: Axial and radial dynamics of rotors on electrodynamic bearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 RADIAL EDB MODELLING3 AXIAL EDB MODELLING4 UNIFIED MODELLING5 CONCLUSIONSChapter 10: Model based design of a rotor supported by radial electrodynamic bearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 TEST RIG DESIGN3 EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION4 CONCLUSIONSCracksChapter 11: Acoustic emission for the detection of subsurface cracking in bearing condition monitoringABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 EQUIPMENT AND TEST COMPONENTS3 DATA ACQUISITION AND HANDLING4 RESULTS5 DISCUSSION6 CONCLUSIONSChapter 12: Finite element vibration analysis of a rotating shaft system with an open crack by the harmonic excitationABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 SHAFT WITH AN OPEN CRACK3 FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF THE SHAFT WITH AN OPEN CRACK4 ANALYSIS OF FORCED VIBRATION BY HARMONIC EXCITATION5 EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM6 COMPARISON WITH THE EXPERIMENT7 CONCLUSION8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTChapter 13: On the effects of transverse annular cracks in rotating machinesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CASE STUDY3 CRACK PERIODIC CLOSURE4 VALIDATION OF THE THEORETICAL RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONSBladesChapter 14: 3D Blade root shape optimizationABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 BASE LINE BLADE MODEL3 SHAPE VARIABLES4 DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS (DOE)5 APPROXIMATION MODELS6 OPTIMIZATION7 CONCLUSION8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 15: Analysis of LP steam turbine blade vibrations: experimental results and numerical simulationsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 DESCRIPTION OF THE BLADE ROW3 IN-FIELD RESULTS4 NEW LAST STAGE BLADE DESIGN5 MEASUREMENT RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONS7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 16: Semi-automatic mode naming methodology to classify impeller mode familiesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODOLOGY3 EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION4 CONCLUSIONS5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 17: A method for establishing the uncertainty levels for aero-engine blade tip amplitudes extracted from blade tip timing dataABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 BTT DATA PROCESSING3 BTT UNCERTAINTY EXTRACTION METHOD4 DISCUSSION5 CONCLUSIONSChapter 18: Non-contact methods of sensing vibrations of turbine bladesABSTRACT1 THE CONCEPT OF THE BLADE VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM2 NON-CONTACT SENSORS OF BLADE VIBRATIONS AND DISPLACEMENTS3 MAGNETOELECTRIC SENSORS4 CONCLUSIONS5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 19: Estimation of turbomachinery blade vibrations from tip-timing dataABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION TO TIP-TIMING MEASURING TECHNIQUE2 MINIMUM VARIANCE SPECTRAL ESTIMATOR (MVSE), PRINCIPLE AND LIMITS3 ADDITIONAL METHODS EXPLORED4 IMPLEMENTATION OF ADDITIONAL METHODS ON A NUMERICAL EXAMPLE5 REAL TEST CASE APPLICATION6 CONCLUSIONSChapter 20: FSI-based forced response analyses of a mistuned high pressure compressor bliskABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORY3 NUMERICAL STUDY4 RESULTS5 CONCLUSION6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 21: The problem of complex shape tracking in a Campbell Diagram or how to overcome crossing/veering phenomenaABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 BACKGROUND EQUATIONS3 A NEW CRITERION FOR ROTOR MODE SHAPE TRACKING4 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION5 OVERCOMING VEERING/CROSSING PHENOMENA6 CONCLUSIONChapter 22: On the comparison of possibilistic and probabilistic methods for the determination of the worst-case response of mistuned bladed disksABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODOLOGY3 NUMERICAL EXAMPLES4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS5 CONCLUSIONSChapter 23: Forced response prediction of a mistuned bladed disk in the presence of aeroelastic coupling and model uncertaintiesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND3 FORCED RESPONSE4 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS5 CONCLUSION6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 24: Inter-slip damping of twisted blades in opposed bundles under rotationABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 FE MODEL OF TRIPLE-BLADE-BUNDLE WITH FRICTION COUPLINGS3 NUMERICAL RESULTS OF FORCED RESONANT VIBRATION4 MODEL ANALYSIS OF A SINGLE BLADE5 DESCRIPTION OF DYNAMIC TESTS UNDER ROTATION6 RESULTS7 CONCLUSIONS8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 25: An improved simulation method for blade-casing interaction phenomenaABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CORRECTION TO CONTACT MODEL3 RESULTS FOR A REAL BLADE MODEL4 STUDY OF A SIMPLIFIED 2DOF BLADE MODEL5 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 26: Simulation of the dynamic behaviour of a group of blades with friction contactsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THE MODEL3 FEATURES OF THE TEST RIG4 NON-LINEAR STATIC BEHAVIOUR5 LINEAR DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR WITH FRICTIONLESS CONTACT6 NON-LINEAR DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR WITH FRICTION CONTACT7 CONCLUSIONS8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 27: Vibration characteristics of a continuous cover blade structure with friction contact surfaces of a steam turbineABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ANALYSIS METHOD3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONRotordynamics BalancingChapter 28: An extended field balancing procedure for flexible rotors fully levitated by active magnetic bearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE FOR RESIDUAL UNBALANCES3 NUMERICAL MODEL OF THE ROTOR-AMB SYSTEM4 NUMERICAL BENCHMARK OF PROPOSED BALANCING PROCEDURE5 EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION6 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 29: Convergence on unbalance identification process based on genetic algorithm applied to rotating machineryABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODOLOGY3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSION5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 30: Observer design for rotating shafts excited by unbalanceABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODELLING AND CONTROLLER DESIGN3 THEORY4 APPLICATION TO A ROTOR TEST RIG MODEL5 CONCLUSIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTChapter 31: Use of modal weight sets for residual modal unbalance assessment of high speed balance quality of flexible rotorsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHOD OF RMU EVALUATION WITH MODAL WEIGHT SETS3 COMPARISON OF RMU VALUES OBTAINED WITH MODAL WEIGHT SETS AND IN SINGLE PLANES FOR FACTORY FINAL BALANCE VIBRATION LIMITS4 RMU VALUES OBTAINED WITH MODAL WEIGHT SETS FOR FACTORY FINAL BALANCE VIBRATION LIMITS5 CONCLUSIONAmbs and ControlChapter 32: Experimental assessment of a new fuzzy controller applied to a flexible rotor supported by Active Magnetic BearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS3 DETAILED MODEL4 CONTROL STRATEGIES5 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONSChapter 33: Self identification algorithm for the autonomous control of rotating systemsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THE D-DECOMPOSITION APPLIED TO PD CONTROLLERS3 THE SELF-IDENTIFICATION ALGORITHM4 TEST APPARATUS5 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS6 CONCLUSION7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTChapter 34: Numerical and experimental identification of the static characteristics of a combined Journal-Magnetic bearing: Smart Integrated BearingABSTRACT1 NOMENCLATURE2 INTRODUCTION3 MAGNETIC ACTUATOR MODELING4 EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP5 RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONS7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSChapter 35: Investigation of the vibration reduction of a flexibly supported Jeffcott rotor damped by semiactive elements working on the principle of squeezing thin layers of normal and magnetorheological oilsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THE PROPOSED DAMPING ELEMENT AND ITS MATHEMATICAL MODELLING3 THE EQUATION OF MOTION OF THE STUDIED ROTOR SYSTEM4 RESULTS OF THE COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS5 CONCLUSIONS6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTChapter 36: Modeling, design and control of a flexible rotor supported by active magnetic bearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 CMODELING AND EIGENVALUE ANALYSIS OF A FLEXIBLE ROTOR SYSTEM3 CONFIGURATION OF THE TEST RIG4 ROTORDYNAMIC ANALYSIS5 EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION6 CONCLUSIONChapter 37: Nonlinear vibration analysis of a rotating shaft supported by a repulsive magnetic bearing and vibration suppression using the axial controlABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MAGNETIC FORCE OF THE REPULSIVE MAGNETIC BEARING3 THEORETICAL MODEL4 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS5 VIBRATION SUPPRESSION USING THE AXIAL DISPLACEMENT CONTROL OF THE MAGNET6 EXPERIMENT7 CONCLUSIONDampers and SealsChapter 38: Rotors supported by elastomer-ring-dampers – experimental and numerical investigationsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ELASTOMER BEHAVIOUR3 OPTIMISED SHIFT PROCESS4 TEST ROTOR5 CONCLUSIONChapter 39: Experimental techniques for determining rotordynamic coefficients of gas seals: results for short staggered labyrinth seals and comparison with CFDABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND TEST PROCEDURE3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONS5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 40: Analysis of rotordynamic forces for high inlet pre-swirl rate labyrinth sealsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 RECENT 3-D NUMERICAL PREDICTION3 THE FIRST AND SECOND-ORDER MODELS4 ROTORDYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF LABYRINTH SEALS5 CONCLUSIONSBearingsChapter 41: Investigation of the influence of thermal effects in the dynamic coefficients of a tilting pad journal bearingABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODOLOGY3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSION5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 42: Train lateral analysis of an offshore gas compressor train experiencing high unbalance sensitivityABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODELING ASPECTS3 ANALYSIS RESULTS4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONSChapter 43: Investigation on the damping characteristics of elastohydrodynamic lubricated point contacts under dynamic loadingABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORATICAL DEVELOPMENT3 EHD DAMPING CHARACTERIZATION4 REAL BEARING APPLICATION5 CONCLUSIONS6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTChapter 44: Local linear approximation for the stiffness characteristics of elastohydrodynamic point contactsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORETICAL MODEL3 STIFFNESS APPROXIMATION RESULTS4 CONCLUSIONChapter 45: Experimental results of a novel tilting pad bearing operating in a small high speed turbochargerAbstract1 Introduction2 Background3 Description of the Engine Test Stand4 Results and Discussion5 Conclusions6 AcknowledgmentsChapter 46: Analysis of the influence of hydrodynamic bearings with geometric discontinuities on the dynamic response of a rotating systemAbstract1 Introduction2 Methodology3 Results and Discussion4 Conclusion5 AcknowledgementsChapter 47: Analysis of the sensitivity to non-linear effects in the oil-film forces of journal bearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 BEARING MODEL3 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS4 CONCLUSIONSChapter 48: Analysis of the influence of force and moment dynamic coefficients on lubricated thrust bearingsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 METHODOLOGY3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSION5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSRub, Whirl, InstabilityChapter 49: Dynamic instability of a rotor-bearing system with two asymmetric disksABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 FE MODELING OF ROTOR-BEARING SYSTEM WITH TWO ASYMMETRICAL DISKS3 DYNAMIC INSTABILITY ANALYSIS4 COMPUTATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS5 CONCLUSIONSChapter 50: Non-linear fluid bearing stability analysis in large high-speed motors and generatorsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORY3 APPLICATIONS AND RESULTS4 SIMULATION OF FIELD VIBRATIONCONCLUSIONChapter 51: Unique analytical model improves understanding of violent dynamic behaviour of advanced oilfield rotary steerable drilling systemsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORY3 APPLICATION4 RESULTS5 IMPROVEMENTS6 CONCLUSIONChapter 52: Novel detection system improves understanding of backwards whirl and aids parameter optimization for advanced oilfield Rotary Steerable Drilling SystemsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 STATEMENT OF THEORY AND DEFINITIONS3 DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATION OF EQUIPMENT AND PROCESSES4 PRESENTATION OF DATA AND RESULTS5 CASE STUDIES6 CONCLUSIONSChapter 53: Effect of contact parameter uncertainties of the dynamic behaviour of rubbing cyclic assembliesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENTS3 APPLICATION4 CONCLUSIONChapter 54: An analysis of rotor-stator interactionABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 SDOF WITH TWO STOP-ENDS3 THREE-DISKS ROTOR WITH ONE CONTACT4 CONCLUSION5 ACKOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 55: Dynamical analysis of a gyroscopic exercise tool considering collision and slide between the rotor and the caseABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 THEORETICAL MODEL3 MOTION PATTERNS WITH PRECESSION4 CONCLUSIONChapter 56: Stability and bifurcation analysis of a flexible rotor-bearing system by numerical continuationABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 NONLINEAR DYNAMIC MODEL OF A SYMMETRICAL FLEXIBLE ROTOR3 BIFURCATION ANALYSIS BY NUMERICAL CONTINUATION4 RESULTS5 CONCLUSIONCondition MonitoringChapter 57: JSME v_BASE activities and some troubleshooting case studies of rotating machineryABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 JSME v_BASE COMMITTEE3 FORMAT OF CASE STUDY REPORT4 CASE STUDIES (FORCED VIBRATION)5 CASE STUDIES (SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION)6 DISCUSSION7 CONCLUSIONS8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 58: Condition monitoring of rotating machines using on-shaft vibration measurementABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 TEST RIG3 PROPOSED METHOD FOR FAULTS CLASSIFICATION4 FAULTS SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTS5 DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS6 CONCLUSIONChapter 59: Neural network based diagnosis of mechanical faults in IC enginesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 SIGNAL PROCESSING AND FEATURE EXTRACTION3 FEATURE SELECTION4 BUILDING OF THE ANNS5 RESULTS OF THE ANNS6 CONCLUSIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTSDiagnostics and Faults - Fault DetectionChapter 60: Anomaly detection of rolling elements using fuzzy entropy and similarity measuresABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 FUZZY ENTROPY AND SIMILARITY MEASURE3 FEATURE EXTRACTION AND COMPUTATION4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION5 CONCLUDING REMARKS AND FUTURE WORKSChapter 61: Fault identification of rolling element bearings from vibration signals: an application of Kalman and H∞ FiltersABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ANALYSIS3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4 CONCLUSIONChapter 62: Identification of multiple fault parameters in a flexible rotor-bearing-coupling system based on forced responsesABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODEL DESCRIPTION AND IDENTIFICATION ALGORITHM3 DEVELOPMENT OF IDENTIFICATION ALGORITHM4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS5 CONCLUSIONAPPENDIX A COUPLING MATRICESChapter 63: Compensating for speed variation by order tracking with and without a tacho signalABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 PHASE DEMODULATION AND ANGULAR RESAMPLING3 COMPENSATING FOR SPEED VARIATIONS4 IMPROVEMENT BY FURTHER ITERATION5 CONCLUSIONElectrical MachinesChapter 64: FEM-based vibration analysis of a soft mounted two-pole induction motor regarding electromagnetic excitation due to static rotor eccentricityABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCES3 DATA OF THE ANALYZED MOTOR4 FINITE ELEMENT MODEL5 NATURAL VIBRATION ANALYSIS6 FORCED VIBRATION ANALYSIS6.1 Boundary conditions6.2 Relative shaft displacements in the sleeve bearing housings6.3 Bearing housing vibrations6.4 Evaluation of the vibration behavior7 CONCLUSIONChapter 65: Analytical-computational approach to dynamic investigation of the electro-mechanical coupling effects in the rotating systems driven by asynchronous motorsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODELLING OF THE ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM3 SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM4 COMPUTATIONAL EXAMPLES5 FINAL REMARKSChapter 66: Modeling two-pole cage induction machine equipped with embedded force actuatorABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MACHINE TO BE MODELED3 DERIVING THE MODEL4 FREQUENCY RESPONSE5 MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES6 RESULTS7 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGMENTChapter 67: Microvibration modelling and testing of a satellite reaction wheel assemblyABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 RWA MODELLING3 RWA DISTURBANCE TEST4 MODAL VALIDATION5 CONCLUSION6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTTorsional VibrationChapter 68: Torsional vibration of machines with gear errorsABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 MODELLING THE GEAR SYSTEM3 SIMULATED EXAMPLE4 CONCLUSIONSACKNOWLEDGEMENTSChapter 69: Calculations of lateral-torsional coupled vibration in AC motor-driven geared rotor system with mode synthesis approachABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 ROTOR SYSTEM AND DYNAMICS OF ROTOR MODEL3 RESULTS OF CALCULATION4 CONCLUSIONSChapter 70: Efficient approach for encoder geometry compensation in time interval measurement of torsional vibrationABSTRACT1 INTRODUCTION2 TIM PROCEDURE DESCRIPTION3 ENCODER GEOMETRY CHARACTERIZATION AND CORRECTION4 TORSIONAL VIBRATION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM5 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY6 CONCLUSIONSChapter 71: Electro-mechanical interaction in the torsional dynamics of LNG compression trains with LCI variable speed driveABSTRACT1 TURBOMACHINERY TORSIONAL ANALYSIS1.1 Modal analysis and Reduced Modal Model1.2 Open-Loop Analysis vs. Closed-Loop Analysis2 POWER ELECTRONICS AND VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES2.1 ElectroMechanical Interaction in a system with a Variable Speed Drive2.2 Harmonics and Interharmonics in a 12 pulse converter3 CLOSED LOOP ELECTROMECHANICAL MODEL4 VALIDATION OF THE MODEL4.2 Constant Torque Set Point4.3 Change in Torque Set PointCONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPSAuthor Index