Antenna Engineering Using Physical Optics

Leo Diaz is a staff consultant at Ball Telecommunications Products Division, Broomfield, CO. He received his M.S. in electrical engineering from Polytechnic Institute, New York. Thomas Milligan is chief engineer at Milligan Associates, Inc. He earned his M.S. in electrical engineering from Johns Hopkins University. A member if the IEEE AP Society, Mr. Milligan has served as an editor of both Transactions and Antenna Magazine.

• Overview: Introduction. Physical Optics and Dyadic Green Function. MATLAB? Organization. FORTRAN Organization. Near and Far Field with Vector Propagators. Relation Between Gain and Radiated Field Strength. Assumed Currents on Antenna Elements. Diffraction-Excitation of Currents on Nearby Ground Planes. Parabolic Reflectors. Radar Cross Section. Propagation: Green's Function Formulation. Scalar Green's Function. Dyadic Green's Function. Near and Far Field Regions. Vector Propagator. Radiated Power. Appendix 2.1 -- Useful Mathematical Identities. Appendix 2.2 -- Notes on the Derivation of the Dyadic Green's Functions. Appendix 2.3 -- FORTRAN Subroutines. Arrays and Small Antenna Elements: Introduction. Gain Related to Field Strength. Antenna Arrays. Dipole. Active Pattern, Active Impedance, and Gain of Array. Slots. Microstrip Patch Antennas. Pattern Approximations. Coordinate Rotations. Input from Measured Patterns. Apertures: Equivalence Principle. Equivalent Currents. Aperture Antennas. Pyramidal Horn. Conical Horn. Diffraction: Edge Diffraction. Planar Impedance-Surface Ground Plane. Coated Ground Plane. Direct Currents Method. Hemisphere Diffraction Method for Finite Circular Disks. Diffraction Calculations Using Pyramid Approach. Other Antenna Diffraction Effects. Reflector Antennas: Equivalent Surface at Reflector Surface. Simple Reflector Analysis. Spillover. Blockage. Strut Scattering. Multiple Reflectors. Array Feeding of Reflector. Appendix 6.1 -- MATLAB Coordinate Rotations. Appendix 6.2 -- FORTRAN Subroutines for Arbitrary Rim Shapes. Appendix 6.3 -- FORTRAN Routines for Feeds Using Pattern Approximations. Appendix 6.4 -- FORTRAN Routines Using Measured Feed Pattern. Radar