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    1. Ekonomi och Ledarskap
    2. Ledarskapsböcker

    Artificial Intelligence and Business Management

    AvDerek Partridge,K. M. Hussain

    Inbunden, Engelska, 1992

    363 kr

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    Beskrivning

    After introducing the concept of artificial intelligence (AI), the authors of this text discuss the scope and limitations of AI technology in the various subfields that are expected to be relevant to business management systems - natural language processing, voice processing, image processing, and intelligent robots. The authors survey each subfield in some detail, not because they expect business managers to absorb all the technical details but because a proper appreciation of the potential of AI technology must be founded on the technicalities of the discipline. Therefore, substantial detail and follow-up references are provided for the reader to explore to whatever depth seems most appropriate. The authors also take a close look at expert systems technology as this subfield of AI has a reasonable claim to be the major commercialization of AI technology to date. They discuss the scope and limitations of this particular technology, and present its advantages and disadvantages with respect to applications in business.Having surveyed the technical possibilities, the authors present the resources for AI that are available: technical resources, both software and hardware, and human resources. In the final part of the book they examine the likely impacts of AI technology from the management perspective.

    Produktinformation

    • Utgivningsdatum:1992-05-01
    • Format:Inbunden
    • Språk:Engelska
    • Antal sidor:200
    • Förlag:Intellect
    • ISBN:9780893917968

    Utforska kategorier

    • Ledarskapsböcker inom Ekonomi och Ledarskap
    • Artificiell intelligens inom Data och IT

    Innehållsförteckning

    • PrefacePART I: INTRODUCTION1 Artificial Intelligence: What Is It? Is There a Definition of AI? Can Computers Think? Can Computers Learn? The Samuel Phenomenon Humans Versus Computers Goals of AI Subdisciplines of AI Summary Review and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography 2 Problem Solving and AI The Nature of AI Problems Types of Problem Solving The Heuristic Programming Approach Decision Trees Decision Tables and Production Rules Advantages of Decision Tables AI in Problem Solving Pattern Recognition Language ProcesingVoice P1·ocessingImage ProcessingExpert SystemsSummaryReview and Discussion QuestionsSelected Annotated BibliographyPART II: APPLICATIONS OF AI3 Natural-Language ProcessingNatural LanguagesWhat Mode of Natural LanguageThe Goals of NPNatural Language: The Essential IngredientsGeneration and AnalysisText Understanding SystemsSyntax, Grammars, and ParsingGrammarsTransformational GrammarsTransition Networks, Augmented and RecursiveUnification and the New GrammatismSemantic Definite Clause Grammars (SDCG)SemanticsThe Case of the Missing-Blocks WorldShrdlu and a "Sorry" StorySemantic Processing without Parsing?Scripted NLU and Its DependenciesThe Conceptual Dependency NotationGiving Semantics Preferential TreatmentText Generation SystemsEmpirical Guidance for NLGMachine TranslationNatural Language for ProgrammingCommunicating Without ProgrammingTerminal-Interactive LanguagesQuery LanguagesFourth-Generation LanguagesCommercial ProductsNatural Language Interfaces (NLI)Applications in BusinessReview and Discussion QuestionsSelected Annotated Bibliography TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 Voice Processing The Elements of Speech Pattern Recognition Speech Understanding Speech Generation Commercial Products Applications in Business Summary Review and Discussion QuestionsSelected Annotated Bibliography 5 Image Processing The Basic Image Data Image Processing as Pattern Recognition Scene Understanding Optical Character Recognition OCR: The Input DataImages as Graphic Input Images as Graphic Output Applications in IndustrySummaryReview and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography 6 Intelligent Robots Applications of Robots Why Robots? Classification of Robots Intelligent Robots Components of an Intelligent Robot Sensors and Sensing Future Robots Control Social Implications of Intelligent Robots Summary Review and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography PART III: EXPERT SYSTEMS7 Introduction and Overview What is an Expert System? Components of an Expert System The MYCIN ExampleTypes of Expert SystemsCharacteristics of Expert SystemsThe Knowledge BaseThe Inference EngineSummaryReview and Discussion QuestionsSelected Annotated Bibliography8 Development of an Expert SystemExperts as Sources of KnowledgeDevelopment InterfaceUser InterfaceDevelopment of an Expert SystemDesignImplementationTestingSummaryReview and Discussion QuestionsSelected Annotated Bibliography9 Knowledge Engineering Tools and Expert Systems Summary ShellsES Programming LanguagesOPS5 and the Production-System ArchitectureShells and Expert SystemsMYCIN and EMYCINModes and Applications of Expert SystemsAdvantages and Limitations of Expert SystemsExpert Systems versus Traditional SystemsSummaryReview and Discussion QuestionsSelected Annotated Bibliography10 Programming for AIThe Role of Representations in Problem SolvingHow Languages Affect SolutionsOvercoming the Limitations of LanguagesSymbolic ProgrammingLISPFlexibilityThe Magic of RecursionCode-Data EquivalenceThe Special AssignmentPROLOG The Independence of Declaration Loss of Control: Good or Bad? Extra Logical Pollutants Negation as Failure Verify or ComputeBi directionalityPattern MatchingThe Promises of PROLOGParallelism A Specification LanguageHeuristic Controls Object-Oriented Programming Programming Environments LISP Environments Loops POPLOG Summary Selected Annotated Bibliography 11 Technology Processors LISP Machines Super ComputersParallel Processing Intelligent Workstations Intelligent PCs Intelligent DatabasesAutomated Programming Computers That Learn SummaryReview and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography 12 People Knowledge Engineers AI-Related Personnel AI Personnel Are AI and Computer Personnel Different? Organizational Alternatives Training and Education of People Computer Literacy Summary Review and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated BibliographyPART IV: IMPLICATIONS OF AI13 Impact on Decision Making AI and ES in a DSS ES and DSS Strategies for AI in a DSS As Separate Entities An ES as a Separate Entity Integration Changes in Decision-Making Style Summary Review and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography 14 Micro Impact on Organizations Levels of Organizations Affected Knowledge Worker Management of Knowledge-Based Organization Role, Relevance, and Impact of Knowledge-Based Organization Impact of an Intelligent Computer Summary Review and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography 15 Macro Impact on SocietyImpact on Income Impact on Unemployment A Leisure Society? Work in an Information Age? New Values in the Workplace The Computer's Image and the Human's Viewpoint The Impacts of Intelligent Computers The Threats of Artificial Intelligence Paradise Regained? The Customization of Mass Production Man's Reflection in the Computational Metaphor Directions of AI The Weizenbaum Debate The Dreyfus Case The Winograd and Flores Debate The Future and the Fifth Generation Review and Discussion Questions Selected Annotated Bibliography AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX