Rebecca Leslie is a Consultant Anaesthetist, with an interest in perioperative medicine and obstetric anaesthesia, at the Royal United Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust in Bath. She is co-founder of Dr Podcast. Emily Johnson is a Consultant Anaesthetist, with an interest in teaching and training, at Worcester Acute Hospitals NHS Trust. She is College Tutor for the Birmingham School of Anaesthetics and co-founder of Dr Podcast. Gary Thomas is a retired Consultant Anaesthetist, formerly affiliated with the Princess of Wales Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board in Bridgend. Philip Harrington is a Specialist Registrar in Anaesthetics and Intensive Care Medicine, with recent experience of final speciality exams in both areas, at the West Midlands Deanery in Birmingham.

'This book is an extremely valuable resource for anyone preparing for the Final FRCA, and indeed anyone seeking a refresher in clinical anaesthesia. It covers the breadth of subjects required by the exam with the topics discussed in sufficient detail to give the reader a sound understanding. The question-and-answer format is very engaging and easy to follow. I particularly appreciate the sections in italics where the authors speak to the reader giving context, advice or reminders to guide exam technique and provide support. As a College Tutor, I am grateful to the excellent team of editors and authors for preparing such a superb second edition and I'm looking forward to using it to help the resident doctors I work with to prepare for the Final FRCA and to refresh my own knowledge too.' Emma Plunkett, Consultant Anaesthetist, Birmingham Women's Hospital and University Hospitals Birmingham

• 1. Medicine; 1.1 Bone, joint and connective tissues; 1.1.1 Rhematoid arthritis Jade A. Loughran and Sarah F. Bell; 1.2 Cardiovascular; 1.2.1 Pre-operative assessment and management of patients with cardiac disease Andrew Weir; 1.2.2 Arrhythmias Sophia Henderson; 1.2.3 Hypertension Andrew Weir; 1.2.4 Ischaemic heart disease and congestive cardiac failure Alexander Midgley-Hunt; 1.2.5 Post operative management of myocardial ischaemia Michael John Scerri and Andrea Binks; 1.2.6 Valvular defects Nirav D. Patel and Mari H. Roberts; 1.2.7 Cardiomypoathy Richard L. I. Skone and Andrew Weir; 1.2.8 Pacemakers Menanta van Velze and William A. English; 1.3 Endocrine and Metabolic; 1.3.1 Hormonal and metabolic response to trauma Ashley C Davis; 1.3.2 Endocrine disease and perioperative steroid management Niladri Das; 1.3.3 Obesity Caroline S. G. Janes; 1.3.4 Perioperative management of diabetes Andrea Binks; 1.3.5 Calcium and magnesium homeostasis Farzad Saadat and Sarah F. Bell; 1.3.6 Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia Farzad Saadat and Sarah F. Bell; 1.3.7 Hyponatraemia and hypenatraemia Farzad Saadat and Sarah F. Bell; 1.3.8 Hypothermia Ashley C. Davis; 1.3.9 Hyperthermia Steffan Morgan and Ami Jones; 1.3.10 Thyroid disease and thyroid surgery Helen L. Jewitt and Steph Wallis; 1.3.11 Phaeochromoctoma Prakash Vadukul; 1.4 Gastrointestinal;1.4.1 Enteral and parental nutrition Prakash Vadukul; 1.4.2 Nutrition requirements and malnutrition Caroline Janes and Prakash Vadukul; 1.4.3 Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) Alison J. Brewer; 1.4.4 Oesophageal reflux Michael B. Clark; 1.4.5 Pancreatitis Matthew Thomas; 1.5 Haematological; 1.5.1 Blood groups Sophia Henderson; 1.5.2 Anaemia and abnormal haemoglobins Farzad Saadat and Sarah F. Bell; 1.5.3 Abnormalities of coagulation and haemostasis including massive haemorrhage Philip Harrington and Justin C. Mandeville; 1.5.4 Anti-coagulant, anti-platelet and anti-fibrinolytic agents Alexandra K. Freeman, Ben Hofland-Ward and Susanna Walker; 1.5.5 Thromboembolism Steffan Morgan and Ami Jones; 1.6 Hepatic Medicine; 1.6.1 Hepatic failure Matthew Thomas; 1.6.2 Jaundice Andrew Weir; 1.7 Neurological and muscular; 1.7.1 Myasthenia and muscle diseases Helen Jewitt; 1.8 Respiratory; 1.8.1 Pneumothorax Stephen Pearson; 1.8.2 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma Andrew Weir; 1.8.3 Pneumonia Andrew Weir; 1.8.4 Lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis Alexander Midgley-Hunt; 1.9 Renal; 1.9.1 Renal failure Rosada Jackson and Jessie R. Welbourne; 2. Surgery; 2.1 Cardiac/thoracic; 2.1.1 Anaesthesia for cardiac surgery Jessie R. Welbourne and Katharine Smurthwaite; 2.1.2 Anaesthesia of the cardiac patient for non-cardiac surgery Michael John Scerri and Andrea Binks; 2.1.3 Congenital heart disease Luke Foster; 2.1.4 Care of the post-op cardiac surgery patient Luke Foster; 2.1.5 Anaesthesia for bronchoscopy Zoe Riddell; 2.1.6 One lung ventilation Zoe Riddell; 2.1.7 Anaesthetic management of patients with transplanted organs including heart, lungs and kidneys Asim Iqbal; 2.1.8 Off-pump cardiac surgery Anandh Balu; 2.1.9 Intra-aortic ballon counter pulsation and other assist devices Philip Harrington; 2.2 Day-case; 2.2.1 Day-case selection Alison J. Brewer; 2.3 ENT; 2.3.1 Difficult airway Kate Leaper and Jonathan J. Gatward; 2.3.2 Performing a tracheostomy James W. Pearlman and Jonathan J. Gatward; 2.3.3 Bleeding tonsil and foreign body Caroline Janes; 2.3.4 Obstructive sleep apnoea Jade A. Loughran and Sarah F. Bell; 2.3.5 Upper airway infections Jade A. Loughran and Sarah F. Bell; 2.3.6 Anaesthesia and facial fractures Gary Thomas; 2.4 Enhanced Recovery; 2.4.1 Principles of enhanced recovery Ruth Doolin; 2.4.2 Minimally invasive surgery Lucinda Williams; 2.5 Neurosurgery; 2.5.1 Head injury and control of ICP Justin C. Mandeville and Menanta van Velze; 2.5.2 Principals of craniotomy (including epilepsy