With the plethora of ongoing neutral hydrogen (HI) surveys with Square Kilometre Array precursors, including South Africa's MeerKAT, and the start of construction for the SKA, the IAU General Assembly in Cape Town was an ideal time to host this symposium on HI in and around galaxies. IAU Symposium 392 brought together the observational and theoretical communities to build a more complete understanding of the life cycle of galaxies, which incorporates the information from HI observations to our multi-wavelength view of galaxy evolution. A diverse group of researchers from around the world, with a particularly strong representation from Africa, came together to discuss key advancements, share new observational and theoretical results, and explore future prospects in the era of the Square Kilometre Array. These proceedings represent the current state of the field on the role of hydrogen gas in the life cycle of galaxies.