Prof. Dr. Hasim Altan is a Full Professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. He is a Chartered Architect (RIBA) and a Chartered Engineer (CIBSE) with more than 25 years of academic and practical experience in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) within the Built Environment across the UK, Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (MENA) regions.Dr. Bertug Ozarisoy is a Senior Lecturer in Architecture at the College of Technology and Environment, London South Bank University (LSBU), London, UK. His research centres on understanding the relationship between architecture and energy policy design, while also exploring the effects of passive cooling systems on domestic energy consumption and household thermal comfort.Dr. Young Ki Kim is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. His research primarily focuses on sustainable building development, environmentally and climate‑responsive building design, building operation and management, health and well‑being, and indoor environmental quality (IEQ).Dr. Wei Shi received his doctorate degree in Architecture and Sustainability at the University of East London in 2019. His research originated from a collaboration between the local authority and the university, aimed at enhancing the energy efficiency of various social housing projects. It focuses on the soft landing of the roll‑out of the government’s social housing refurbishment schemes while examining their drawbacks.

• PART 1Case studies 1 Private housing sector in Sheffield 2 Representative council estate in London 3 Focus group interviews with council estate tenants in London 4 Energy efficient terraced house in England 5 ConclusionPART 2Retrofitting 6 Introduction 7 Retrofitting the UK homes 8 Home energy performance in council estates 9 Retrofit interventions 10 Building performance evaluation and thermal comfort 11 Conclusion

Prof. Dr. Hasim Altan is a Full Professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. He is a Chartered Architect (RIBA) and a Chartered Engineer (CIBSE) with more than 25 years of academic and practical experience in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) within the Built Environment across the UK, Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (MENA) regions.Dr. Bertug Ozarisoy is a Senior Lecturer in Architecture at the College of Technology and Environment, London South Bank University (LSBU), London, UK. His research centres on understanding the relationship between architecture and energy policy design, while also exploring the effects of passive cooling systems on domestic energy consumption and household thermal comfort.Dr. Young Ki Kim is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. His research primarily focuses on sustainable building development, environmentally and climate‑responsive building design, building operation and management, health and well‑being, and indoor environmental quality (IEQ).Dr. Wei Shi received his doctorate degree in Architecture and Sustainability at the University of East London in 2019. His research originated from a collaboration between the local authority and the university, aimed at enhancing the energy efficiency of various social housing projects. It focuses on the soft landing of the roll‑out of the government’s social housing refurbishment schemes while examining their drawbacks.

• PART 1Case studies 1 Private housing sector in Sheffield 2 Representative council estate in London 3 Focus group interviews with council estate tenants in London 4 Energy efficient terraced house in England 5 ConclusionPART 2Retrofitting 6 Introduction 7 Retrofitting the UK homes 8 Home energy performance in council estates 9 Retrofit interventions 10 Building performance evaluation and thermal comfort 11 Conclusion

Prof. Dr. Hasim Altan is a Full Professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. He is a Chartered Architect (RIBA) and a Chartered Engineer (CIBSE) with more than 25 years of academic and practical experience in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) within the Built Environment across the UK, Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (MENA) regions.Dr. Bertug Ozarisoy is a Senior Lecturer in Architecture at the College of Technology and Environment, London South Bank University (LSBU), London, UK. His research centres on understanding the relationship between architecture and energy policy design, while also exploring the effects of passive cooling systems on domestic energy consumption and household thermal comfort.Dr. Young Ki Kim is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Architectural Engineering at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. His research primarily focuses on sustainable building development, environmentally and climate‑responsive building design, building operation and management, health and well‑being, and indoor environmental quality (IEQ).Dr. Wei Shi received his doctorate degree in Architecture and Sustainability at the University of East London in 2019. His research originated from a collaboration between the local authority and the university, aimed at enhancing the energy efficiency of various social housing projects. It focuses on the soft landing of the roll‑out of the government’s social housing refurbishment schemes while examining their drawbacks.

• PART 1Case studies 1 Private housing sector in Sheffield 2 Representative council estate in London 3 Focus group interviews with council estate tenants in London 4 Energy efficient terraced house in England 5 ConclusionPART 2Retrofitting 6 Introduction 7 Retrofitting the UK homes 8 Home energy performance in council estates 9 Retrofit interventions 10 Building performance evaluation and thermal comfort 11 Conclusion