Melisa C. Galvan is Professor at California State University, Northridge, USA. She is the co-author of Writing Literature Reviews: A Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Routledge, 2025) and Writing Empirical Research Reports: A Basic Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Routledge, 2023).

• Part A: Getting Started Topic 1. What Is Empirical Research? Topic 2. Identifying Broad Problem Areas Topic 3. Evaluating Broad Problem Areas Topic 4. Identifying and Combining Variables Topic 5. Identifying Treatment Variables Topic 6. Considering Demographic Variables Topic 7. Writing Purposes and Hypotheses Part B: A Closer Look at Problem Selection Topic 8. Finding Ideas in the Literature Topic 9. Considering a Body of Literature Topic 10. Considering Theories and Frameworks Topic 11. Determining Feasibility Part C: Selecting a Research Approach Topic 12. Qualitative Research Topic 13. Survey Research Topic 14. Correlational Research Topic 15. Test Development Research Topic 16. Experimental Research Topic 17. Causal-Comparative Research Topic 18. Program Evaluation; Part D: Organizing and Evaluating Literature Topic 19. Organizing Literature by Topics Topic 20. Evaluating Research Literature Topic 21. Considering the History of a Topic; Part E: Application and Writing Topic 22. A Separate Introduction Topic 23. An Integrated Introduction and Literature Review Topic 24. Writing the First Paragraph(s) Topic 25. Using a Topic Outline Topic 26. Being Selective and Critical; Part F: Proposing a Sample Topic 27. Sampling in Qualitative Research Topic 28. Random Sampling Topic 29. Other Methods of Sampling: I Topic 30. Other Methods of Sampling: II Topic 31. Sample Size; Part G: Proposing Instrumentation Topic 32. Qualitative Instrumentation Topic 33. Proposing Published Instruments Topic 34. Proposing New Instruments Topic 35. Proposing to Measure Demographics Topic 36. Ethical Issues in Measurement Methods; Part H: Proposing Procedures Topic 37. Nonexperimental Procedures Topic 38. Procedures in Experiments Topic 39. Ethical Issues and Procedures; Part I: Proposing Methods of Analysis Topic 40. Qualitative Analysis Topic 41. Analysis of Demographics Topic 42. Relationships: Nominal Topic 43. Relationships: Equal Interval Topic 44. Group Differences; Part J: Writing the Discussion and Other Concluding Tasks Topic 45. Writing a Discussion Section Topic 46. Giving the Proposal a Title Topic 47. Preparing an Abstract Topic 48. Developing a Timeline Topic 49. Preparing a Reference List; Part K: Model Research Proposals for Discussion Model Proposal 1: Maternal-antenatal Attachment in Young Pregnant Women: Social Support, Mentors, and Fear of Childbirth Model Proposal 2: Nutrition and Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Attending Diabetes Camps Model Proposal 3: Finding Positives in the Pandemic: The Role of Relationship Status, Self-esteem, Mental Health, and Personality Model Proposal 4: AutInsight: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of a Consumer-informed Parent Support Program for Parents of Autistic Children Model Proposal 5: Financial Objectives and Satisfaction with Life: A Mixed-method Study in Surf Lifestyle Entrepreneurs Model Proposal 6: A Randomized Trial of Online Single-session Interventions for Adolescent Depression During COVID-19 Model Proposal 7: The Impact of Social Media in Learning and Teaching: A Bibliometric-based Citation Analysis Model Proposal 8: Social Media Influence on Students’ Knowledge Sharing and Learning: An Empirical Study Model Proposal 9: Measuring Vogue in American Sociology: A Computational Analysis of Disciplinary Fashion From 2011 to 2020 Model Proposal 10: Digital Crisis Management: How Proactive Online Engagements on Patient Complaints Influence Social Media Users’ Perceptions

Melisa C. Galvan is Professor at California State University, Northridge, USA. She is the co-author of Writing Literature Reviews: A Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Routledge, 2025) and Writing Empirical Research Reports: A Basic Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Routledge, 2023).

• Part A: Getting Started Topic 1. What Is Empirical Research? Topic 2. Identifying Broad Problem Areas Topic 3. Evaluating Broad Problem Areas Topic 4. Identifying and Combining Variables Topic 5. Identifying Treatment Variables Topic 6. Considering Demographic Variables Topic 7. Writing Purposes and Hypotheses Part B: A Closer Look at Problem Selection Topic 8. Finding Ideas in the Literature Topic 9. Considering a Body of Literature Topic 10. Considering Theories and Frameworks Topic 11. Determining Feasibility Part C: Selecting a Research Approach Topic 12. Qualitative Research Topic 13. Survey Research Topic 14. Correlational Research Topic 15. Test Development Research Topic 16. Experimental Research Topic 17. Causal-Comparative Research Topic 18. Program Evaluation; Part D: Organizing and Evaluating Literature Topic 19. Organizing Literature by Topics Topic 20. Evaluating Research Literature Topic 21. Considering the History of a Topic; Part E: Application and Writing Topic 22. A Separate Introduction Topic 23. An Integrated Introduction and Literature Review Topic 24. Writing the First Paragraph(s) Topic 25. Using a Topic Outline Topic 26. Being Selective and Critical; Part F: Proposing a Sample Topic 27. Sampling in Qualitative Research Topic 28. Random Sampling Topic 29. Other Methods of Sampling: I Topic 30. Other Methods of Sampling: II Topic 31. Sample Size; Part G: Proposing Instrumentation Topic 32. Qualitative Instrumentation Topic 33. Proposing Published Instruments Topic 34. Proposing New Instruments Topic 35. Proposing to Measure Demographics Topic 36. Ethical Issues in Measurement Methods; Part H: Proposing Procedures Topic 37. Nonexperimental Procedures Topic 38. Procedures in Experiments Topic 39. Ethical Issues and Procedures; Part I: Proposing Methods of Analysis Topic 40. Qualitative Analysis Topic 41. Analysis of Demographics Topic 42. Relationships: Nominal Topic 43. Relationships: Equal Interval Topic 44. Group Differences; Part J: Writing the Discussion and Other Concluding Tasks Topic 45. Writing a Discussion Section Topic 46. Giving the Proposal a Title Topic 47. Preparing an Abstract Topic 48. Developing a Timeline Topic 49. Preparing a Reference List; Part K: Model Research Proposals for Discussion Model Proposal 1: Maternal-antenatal Attachment in Young Pregnant Women: Social Support, Mentors, and Fear of Childbirth Model Proposal 2: Nutrition and Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Attending Diabetes Camps Model Proposal 3: Finding Positives in the Pandemic: The Role of Relationship Status, Self-esteem, Mental Health, and Personality Model Proposal 4: AutInsight: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of a Consumer-informed Parent Support Program for Parents of Autistic Children Model Proposal 5: Financial Objectives and Satisfaction with Life: A Mixed-method Study in Surf Lifestyle Entrepreneurs Model Proposal 6: A Randomized Trial of Online Single-session Interventions for Adolescent Depression During COVID-19 Model Proposal 7: The Impact of Social Media in Learning and Teaching: A Bibliometric-based Citation Analysis Model Proposal 8: Social Media Influence on Students’ Knowledge Sharing and Learning: An Empirical Study Model Proposal 9: Measuring Vogue in American Sociology: A Computational Analysis of Disciplinary Fashion From 2011 to 2020 Model Proposal 10: Digital Crisis Management: How Proactive Online Engagements on Patient Complaints Influence Social Media Users’ Perceptions

Melisa C. Galvan is Professor at California State University, Northridge, USA. She is the co-author of Writing Literature Reviews: A Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Routledge, 2025) and Writing Empirical Research Reports: A Basic Guide for Students of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Routledge, 2023).

• Part A: Getting Started Topic 1. What Is Empirical Research? Topic 2. Identifying Broad Problem Areas Topic 3. Evaluating Broad Problem Areas Topic 4. Identifying and Combining Variables Topic 5. Identifying Treatment Variables Topic 6. Considering Demographic Variables Topic 7. Writing Purposes and Hypotheses Part B: A Closer Look at Problem Selection Topic 8. Finding Ideas in the Literature Topic 9. Considering a Body of Literature Topic 10. Considering Theories and Frameworks Topic 11. Determining Feasibility Part C: Selecting a Research Approach Topic 12. Qualitative Research Topic 13. Survey Research Topic 14. Correlational Research Topic 15. Test Development Research Topic 16. Experimental Research Topic 17. Causal-Comparative Research Topic 18. Program Evaluation; Part D: Organizing and Evaluating Literature Topic 19. Organizing Literature by Topics Topic 20. Evaluating Research Literature Topic 21. Considering the History of a Topic; Part E: Application and Writing Topic 22. A Separate Introduction Topic 23. An Integrated Introduction and Literature Review Topic 24. Writing the First Paragraph(s) Topic 25. Using a Topic Outline Topic 26. Being Selective and Critical; Part F: Proposing a Sample Topic 27. Sampling in Qualitative Research Topic 28. Random Sampling Topic 29. Other Methods of Sampling: I Topic 30. Other Methods of Sampling: II Topic 31. Sample Size; Part G: Proposing Instrumentation Topic 32. Qualitative Instrumentation Topic 33. Proposing Published Instruments Topic 34. Proposing New Instruments Topic 35. Proposing to Measure Demographics Topic 36. Ethical Issues in Measurement Methods; Part H: Proposing Procedures Topic 37. Nonexperimental Procedures Topic 38. Procedures in Experiments Topic 39. Ethical Issues and Procedures; Part I: Proposing Methods of Analysis Topic 40. Qualitative Analysis Topic 41. Analysis of Demographics Topic 42. Relationships: Nominal Topic 43. Relationships: Equal Interval Topic 44. Group Differences; Part J: Writing the Discussion and Other Concluding Tasks Topic 45. Writing a Discussion Section Topic 46. Giving the Proposal a Title Topic 47. Preparing an Abstract Topic 48. Developing a Timeline Topic 49. Preparing a Reference List; Part K: Model Research Proposals for Discussion Model Proposal 1: Maternal-antenatal Attachment in Young Pregnant Women: Social Support, Mentors, and Fear of Childbirth Model Proposal 2: Nutrition and Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Attending Diabetes Camps Model Proposal 3: Finding Positives in the Pandemic: The Role of Relationship Status, Self-esteem, Mental Health, and Personality Model Proposal 4: AutInsight: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of a Consumer-informed Parent Support Program for Parents of Autistic Children Model Proposal 5: Financial Objectives and Satisfaction with Life: A Mixed-method Study in Surf Lifestyle Entrepreneurs Model Proposal 6: A Randomized Trial of Online Single-session Interventions for Adolescent Depression During COVID-19 Model Proposal 7: The Impact of Social Media in Learning and Teaching: A Bibliometric-based Citation Analysis Model Proposal 8: Social Media Influence on Students’ Knowledge Sharing and Learning: An Empirical Study Model Proposal 9: Measuring Vogue in American Sociology: A Computational Analysis of Disciplinary Fashion From 2011 to 2020 Model Proposal 10: Digital Crisis Management: How Proactive Online Engagements on Patient Complaints Influence Social Media Users’ Perceptions