Edited by Michael Johnston, Charles A. Dana Professor of Political Science Emeritus, Department of Political Science, Colgate University, USA

‘What we know about corruption depends on how we look for it. With a critical eye to measurement, inference and ethics, this handbook maps the field’s core approaches and helps readers choose designs that fit their questions—strengthening both research practice and the evidence base for reform.’

• ContentsPART I WHAT DO WE WANT TO DO?Introduction to Part IIntroduction to the Handbook of Research Methods for Corruption Studies: not your average cookbook 4Michael Johnston1 Dimensions of anticorruption: a framework for populist times 15Mlada Bukovansky2 DUMPing corruption 35Adam Graycar3 Global banking: cultures of immorality and corruption risks 48Frank Vogl4 Taking the profit out of corruption: asset recovery, success, or failure? 65Stuart C. Gilman5 The Sector Focus Remediation Action (SFRA) approach 75Paul M. Heywood and Devi Pillay6 Constructing a postcolonial theory of corruption: “state capture” in South Africa 88Thomas A. Koelble7 Terra incognita of national anti-corruption reforms 100Alexey KonovPART II WHAT QUESTIONS SHOULD WE ASK?Introduction to Part II8 Gender and underestimating vulnerability to grassroots corruption: time to revisit the methodological toolbox 118Caryn Peiffer9 Beyond quid pro quo: the nature and dynamics of collective corruption 130Ting Gong and Daan Wang10 Corruption, economic incentives, and social norms: why anti-corruption strategies often fail 141Susan Rose-Ackerman11 Dimensions of corruption: a typology of corruption and measurement options 156Monika Bauhr12 Challenges and advances in disaggregating corruption 168Stephen D. Morris13 Corruption control as a collective action problem in the principal–agent relationship 183Jong-sung YouPART III HOW, AND WHERE, SHOULD WE LOOK FOR ANSWERS?Introduction to Part III14 Measuring corruption: evidence from surveys, experiments and the field 199Johann Graf Lambsdorff15 From convictions to perceptions: a critical review of methods for measuring corruption 210Oguzhan Dincer16 Experimental approaches to studying corruption and anti-corruption 220Shuguang Jiang17 Countering elite corruption: how the mapping method helps unmask elite influencers and their networks 236Janine R. Wedel and Urszula Anna Horoszko18 Survey research on corruption: challenges and advancements 265Gustavo Gouvêa Maciel and Luís de Sousa19 Addressing corruption in humanitarian assistance from a research perspective: challenges, consequences and anti-corruption strategies 282Ina Kubbe and Anwesha Chakraborty20 Governance corruption and democratic exclusion: the corruptive effects of excluding residents, staff, and families from nursing home care decisions 301Frank Anechiarico, Elian Sorensen and Staffan Andersson21 Anti-corruption from the grassroots in digitalized societies: from websites and social media platforms to chatbots and artificial intelligence applications 315Alice Mattoni22 Detecting corruption in the digital age: big data issues and reform opportunities 328Fernanda Odilla23 Negotiation processes: multilevel channels that promote or deter corruption 343Bertram I. Spector24 Understanding interviews as a research tool in corruption studies 354Aiysha VarraichPART IV WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?Introduction to Part IV25 Corruption in the liminal time: enduring questions and theory 368Lucio Picci26 Democracy and corruption of the public sphere 375Mark E. Warren27 Recalibrating anti-corruption assessment: theories of change in a multi-level approach 385Joseph Pozsgai-Alvarez28 Bringing the facts back in: measuring corruption for evaluation purposes 400Alina Mungiu-Pippidi29 A comprehensive approach: reimagining the fight against corruption on a global scale 416Emmanuel Saffa Abdulai30 Bridging theory and reality: research as the cornerstone of impactful anti-corruption education 426Pawan Kumar Sinha and Mallika Mahajan31 Un-plateauing corruption research? Perhaps less necessary, but more exciting than one might think 442Dieter Zinnbauer

Edited by Michael Johnston, Charles A. Dana Professor of Political Science Emeritus, Department of Political Science, Colgate University, USA

‘What we know about corruption depends on how we look for it. With a critical eye to measurement, inference and ethics, this handbook maps the field’s core approaches and helps readers choose designs that fit their questions—strengthening both research practice and the evidence base for reform.’

• ContentsPART I WHAT DO WE WANT TO DO?Introduction to Part IIntroduction to the Handbook of Research Methods for Corruption Studies: not your average cookbook 4Michael Johnston1 Dimensions of anticorruption: a framework for populist times 15Mlada Bukovansky2 DUMPing corruption 35Adam Graycar3 Global banking: cultures of immorality and corruption risks 48Frank Vogl4 Taking the profit out of corruption: asset recovery, success, or failure? 65Stuart C. Gilman5 The Sector Focus Remediation Action (SFRA) approach 75Paul M. Heywood and Devi Pillay6 Constructing a postcolonial theory of corruption: “state capture” in South Africa 88Thomas A. Koelble7 Terra incognita of national anti-corruption reforms 100Alexey KonovPART II WHAT QUESTIONS SHOULD WE ASK?Introduction to Part II8 Gender and underestimating vulnerability to grassroots corruption: time to revisit the methodological toolbox 118Caryn Peiffer9 Beyond quid pro quo: the nature and dynamics of collective corruption 130Ting Gong and Daan Wang10 Corruption, economic incentives, and social norms: why anti-corruption strategies often fail 141Susan Rose-Ackerman11 Dimensions of corruption: a typology of corruption and measurement options 156Monika Bauhr12 Challenges and advances in disaggregating corruption 168Stephen D. Morris13 Corruption control as a collective action problem in the principal–agent relationship 183Jong-sung YouPART III HOW, AND WHERE, SHOULD WE LOOK FOR ANSWERS?Introduction to Part III14 Measuring corruption: evidence from surveys, experiments and the field 199Johann Graf Lambsdorff15 From convictions to perceptions: a critical review of methods for measuring corruption 210Oguzhan Dincer16 Experimental approaches to studying corruption and anti-corruption 220Shuguang Jiang17 Countering elite corruption: how the mapping method helps unmask elite influencers and their networks 236Janine R. Wedel and Urszula Anna Horoszko18 Survey research on corruption: challenges and advancements 265Gustavo Gouvêa Maciel and Luís de Sousa19 Addressing corruption in humanitarian assistance from a research perspective: challenges, consequences and anti-corruption strategies 282Ina Kubbe and Anwesha Chakraborty20 Governance corruption and democratic exclusion: the corruptive effects of excluding residents, staff, and families from nursing home care decisions 301Frank Anechiarico, Elian Sorensen and Staffan Andersson21 Anti-corruption from the grassroots in digitalized societies: from websites and social media platforms to chatbots and artificial intelligence applications 315Alice Mattoni22 Detecting corruption in the digital age: big data issues and reform opportunities 328Fernanda Odilla23 Negotiation processes: multilevel channels that promote or deter corruption 343Bertram I. Spector24 Understanding interviews as a research tool in corruption studies 354Aiysha VarraichPART IV WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?Introduction to Part IV25 Corruption in the liminal time: enduring questions and theory 368Lucio Picci26 Democracy and corruption of the public sphere 375Mark E. Warren27 Recalibrating anti-corruption assessment: theories of change in a multi-level approach 385Joseph Pozsgai-Alvarez28 Bringing the facts back in: measuring corruption for evaluation purposes 400Alina Mungiu-Pippidi29 A comprehensive approach: reimagining the fight against corruption on a global scale 416Emmanuel Saffa Abdulai30 Bridging theory and reality: research as the cornerstone of impactful anti-corruption education 426Pawan Kumar Sinha and Mallika Mahajan31 Un-plateauing corruption research? Perhaps less necessary, but more exciting than one might think 442Dieter Zinnbauer