To Subvert the State

Russia's extensive campaigns of political subversion represent a strategic front in its efforts to reorder European security. While there has been much analysis of the forms these subversive acts take - bribing officials, hack-and-leak operations, and spreading disinformation - there is less detailed analysis of how the Kremlin orchestrates the range of tools at its disposal. This book, by laying out the methodologies employed by the Kremlin at the operational level and the architecture for implementing them, tries to identify the dependencies of this effort and therefore the opportunities for countering what has become a major threat to NATO and European cohesion.