Engineering Design

Clive Dym was a professor emeritus of Engineering Design and also Director of the Center for Design Education at Harvey Mudd College. He served as the chair of the engineering department at Harvey Mudd College from 1999 through 2002.

• FOREWORD xPREFACE xiACKNOWLEDGMENTS xviPART I INTRODUCTION 1CHAPTER 1 ENGINEERING DESIGNWhat does it mean to design something? Is engineering design different from other kinds of design? 31.1 Where and when do engineers design? 31.2 A basic vocabulary for engineering design 71.3 Learning and doing engineering design 121.4 Managing engineering design projects 141.5 Notes 15CHAPTER 2 DEFINING A DESIGN PROCESS AND A CASE STUDYHow do I do engineering design? Can you show me an example? 162.1 The design process as a process of questioning 162.2 Describing and prescribing a design process 192.3 Informing a design process 242.4 Case study: Design of a stabilizer for microlaryngeal surgery 272.5 Illustrative design examples 342.6 Notes 35PART II THE DESIGN PROCESS AND DESIGN TOOLS 37CHAPTER 3 PROBLEM DEFINITION: DETAILING CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTSWhat does the client require of this design? 393.1 Clarifying the initial problem statement 403.2 Framing customer requirements 413.3 Revised problem statements: Public statements of the design project 433.4 Designing an arm support for a CP-afflicted student 443.5 Notes 46CHAPTER 4 PROBLEM DEFINITION: CLARIFYING THE OBJECTIVESWhat is this design intended to achieve? 474.1 Clarifying a client’s objectives 474.2 Measurement issues in ordering and evaluating objectives 534.3 Rank ordering objectives with pairwise comparison charts 544.4 Developing metrics to measure the achievement of objectives 574.5 Objectives and metrics for the Danbury arm support 624.6 Notes 66CHAPTER 5 PROBLEM DEFINITION: IDENTIFYING CONSTRAINTSWhat are the limits for this design problem? 675.1 Identifying and setting the client’s limits 675.2 Displaying and using constraints 685.3 Constraints for the Danbury arm support 695.4 Notes 70CHAPTER 6 PROBLEM DEFINITION: ESTABLISHING FUNCTIONSHow do I express a design’s functions in engineering terms? 716.1 Establishing functions 716.2 Functional analysis: Tools for establishing functions 736.3 Design specifications: Specifying functions, features, and behavior 816.4 Functions for the Danbury arm support 886.5 Notes 91CHAPTER 7 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN: GENERATING DESIGN ALTERNATIVESHow do I generate or create feasible designs? 927.1 Generating the “design space,” a space of engineering designs 927.2 Navigating, expanding, and contracting design spaces 997.3 Generating designs for the Danbury arm support 1017.4 Notes 105CHAPTER 8 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN: EVALUATING DESIGN ALTERNATIVES AND CHOOSING A DESIGNWhich design should I choose? Which design is “best”? 1068.1 Applying metrics to objectives: Selecting the preferred design 1068.2 Evaluating designs for the Danbury arm support 1118.3 Notes 113PART III DESIGN COMMUNICATION 115CHAPTER 9 COMMUNICATING DESIGNS GRAPHICALLYHere’s my design; can you make it? 1179.1 Engineering sketches and drawings speak to many audiences 1179.2 Sketching 1199.3 Fabrication specifications: The several forms of engineering drawings 1229.4 Fabrication specifications: The devil is in the details 1279.5 Final notes on drawings 1299.6 Notes 130CHAPTER 10 PROTOTYPING AND PROOFING THE DESIGNHere’s my design; how well does it work? 13110.1 Prototypes, models, and proofs of concept 13210.2 Building models and prototypes 13510.3 Notes 141CHAPTER 11 COMMUNICATING DESIGNS ORALLY AND IN WRITINGHow do we let our client know about our solutions? 14211.1 General guidelines for technical communication 14311.2 Oral presentations: Telling a crowd what’s been done 14511.3 The project report: Writing for the client, not for history 15011.4 Final report elements for the Danbury arm support 15511.5 Notes 158PART IV DESIGN MODELING, ENGINEERING ECONOMICS, AND DESIGN USE 159CHAPTER 12 MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN DESIGNMath and physics are very much part of the design process! 16112.1 Some mathematical habits of thought for design modeling 16212.2 Some mathematical tools for design modeling 16312.3 Modeling a battery-powered payload cart 17712.4 Design modeling of a ladder rung 18612.5 Preliminary design of a ladder rung 19312.6 Closing remarks on mathematics, physics, and design 19612.7 Notes 196CHAPTER 13 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS IN DESIGNHow much is this going to cost? 19713.1 Cost estimation: How much does this particular design cost? 19713.2 The time value of money 20113.3 Closing considerations on engineering and economics 20413.4 Notes 204CHAPTER 14 DESIGN FOR PRODUCTION, USE, AND SUSTAINABILITYWhat other factors influence the design process? 20514.1 Design for production: Can this design be made? 20614.2 Design for use: How long will this design work? 20914.3 Design for sustainability: What about the environment? 21514.4 Notes 218PART V DESIGN TEAMS, TEAM MANAGEMENT, AND ETHICS IN DESIGN 221CHAPTER 15 DESIGN TEAM DYNAMICSWe can do this together, as a team! 22315.1 Forming design teams 22315.2 Constructive conflict: Enjoying a good fight 22715.3 Leading design teams 22915.4 Notes 231CHAPTER 16 MANAGING A DESIGN PROJECTWhat do you want? When do you want it? How much are we going to spend? 23216.1 Getting started: Establishing the managerial needs of a project 23216.2 Tools for managing a project’s scope 23416.3 The team calendar: A tool for managing a project’s schedule 24116.4 The budget: A tool for managing a project’s spending 24316.5 Monitoring and controlling projects: Measuring a project’s progress 24516.6 Managing the end of a project 24816.7 Notes 249CHAPTER 17 ETHICS IN DESIGNDesign is not just a technical matter 25017.1 Ethics: Understanding obligations 25017.2 Codes of ethics: What are our professional obligations? 25217.3 Obligations may start with the client . . . 25517.4 . . . But what about the public and the profession? 25617.5 On engineering practice and the welfare of the public 26117.6 Ethics: Always a part of engineering practice 26317.7 Notes 263APPENDICES 264APPENDIX A PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PROTOTYPING 264APPENDIX B PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING 279APPENDIX C EXERCISES 300REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 309INDEX 315