Building Services Design Management

Jackie Portman is a Senior Building Services (MEP) Design Manager with over 25 years' experience in consultancy, contracting and project management in the UK and overseas. She has led the design management process in a range of projects in terms of complexity, size and uses: university complexes (libraries, archive buildings, state-of-the-art education and research facilities), healthcare projects (wards, laboratories, clinical areas), single and mixed-use commercial office complexes, residential developments and schools. Her particular areas of expertise are in consultant selection and appointments, managing the design and pre-construction activities, ensuring that commissioning management procedures are put in place, and closing out and handing over successful projects. The author is also experienced with instigating post-occupancy studies to understand how the building services engineering designs worked for the building occupants, operations and maintenance staff.

• Preface xAbout the Author xiiiIntroduction 1Evolvement of building services engineering 2Range of building services engineering systems in a building 3Unique features of building services 4Professionalisation of building services engineers 6Part One The operating context 91 The operating environment 111.1 Organisational arrangement 13Ownership arrangement 13Scope of services 14Integration with other entities 15Types of projects by building sector 15Geographical operating span 161.2 The internal environment 16Human capital 17Structural capital 19Relationship capital 21Summary 222 The external environment 232.1 Competitor analysis 242.2 PESTLE analysis 25Political drivers 25Economic drivers 26Social drivers 26Technical drivers 27Legal drivers 28Environmental drivers 29Summary 303 Engaging building services engineers 313.1 Types of commissions 32Design commissions 32Survey commissions 33Advisory commissions 34Witnessing commissions 36Construction administration 363.2 Contracts 36Allocation of design responsibility 37Provision of third party information 38Warranties 39Bonds 40Insurances 40Partnering 413.3 Fees 413.4 Getting work 43Responding to enquiries 44Summary 454 Stakeholder interfaces 464.1 The client team 484.2 Enforcing authorities 50Building control 50Local planning departments 51Non-departmental public bodies 524.3 The design team 52Architects 52Engineers 55Quantity surveyors 56Specialists 574.4 The construction team 60Main contractors 60Subcontractors 61Suppliers 614.5 Utility service providers 614.6 Non-contractual interfaces 63Summary 65Reference 655 Professional ethics 66Summary 68Part Two Technical issues associated with building services design 696 Design criteria 716.1 External design criteria 72Meteorological design criteria 75Microclimates 81Pollution and contaminants 836.2 Interior design criteria 88Thermal comfort 90Visual conditions 95Acoustic conditions 100Electromagnetic and electrostatic environment 101Life safety criteria 101Vertical transportation 102Specialist services 103Connectivity 103Controlled outdoor environment 1036.3 Voluntary codes and practices 105Incentive schemes 106Eco-labelling 106Summary 107Reference 1077 System descriptions 1087.1 Public utility services connections 110Electricity 111Gas 112Water 112Information and broadcast communications 1137.2 Ventilation 1147.3 Heating 1187.4 Cooling 1207.5 Air-conditioning 1217.6 Water systems 123Hot and cold domestic water services 123Irrigation systems 126Fire water systems 126Wastewater removal systems 1277.7 Gas systems 1297.8 Electrical distribution 130Source of supply 130Transmission system 130Earthing and bonding system 133Electrical supplies for mechanical, public health and other equipment 1347.9 Artificial lighting 134External lighting 1367.10 Controls 1367.11 Lightning protection system 1387.12 Fire detection and alarm system 1397.13 Smoke and fire control systems 1407.14 Security systems 143Security lighting 143Access control system 143Closed circuit television 144Alarms 144Patrol stations 1457.15 Structured wiring system 1457.16 Broadcast communications technology systems 1467.17 Mobile telephony systems 1467.18 Audio, visual, audiovisual and information systems 1477.19 Facilities for the disabled 1497.20 Vertical transportation 150Summary 1508 Off-site manufacturing 151Summary 152Part Three The design management process 1539 Design execution 1559.1 Project stages 157Preparation 157Design 158Pre-construction 168Construction stage 171Handover and close-out 180In use 1819.2 Design management issues 184Design responsibility matrix 184Hierarchy of legislation and standards 185Stakeholder analysis 185Site visits 186Health and safety responsibilities 187Life cycle considerations 188Managing ff&e requirements 190Areas of potential overlapping responsibilities 190Use of software 196Summary 19610 Risk management 198Risk identification 199Risk evaluation and quantification 201Risk sharing, managing and monitoring 201Summary 202References 20211 Information management 203Project related information 204Reference information 204Knowledge management 204Summary 20612 Value management 207Summary 21013 Planning management 211Summary 214Reference 21414 Commercial management 215Procuremant routes 215Cost management 216Bills of quantities 218Contract variations, claims and disputes 219Summary 21915 Quality management 220Summary 22116 Performance management 222Issues with performance measurement systems 224Summary 225Part Four Special buildings 22717 Special buildings 22917.1 Commercial kitchens 22917.2 Hospitals and healthcare facilities 23417.3 Data centres 24117.4 Shopping centres 24417.5 Sports facilities 24517.6 Hotels 24617.7 Educational buildings 248Index 251