Professor Robert Crichton, Department of Biochemistry, Université Catholique de Louvain, BelgiumProfessor Crichton has worked on cytochrome c in Glasgow, insect haemoglobins in Munich, ferritins and transferrins in Glasgow and Berlin, and on all these areas plus new developments in the understanding of iron-protein interactions in Louvain-la-Neuve. He is the author of Metal-Based Neurodegeneration.

'This textbook is clearly a milestone which should be to hand for every researcher and scholar working on or interested in the biochemistry and clinical aspects of iron. Those needing to go further in depth on some specific aspects will find not only an excellent starting point but also their pathway through the impressive list of references at the end of each chapter.' Acta Cryst (International Union of Crystallography), November 2017

• Preface xii1 Solution Chemistry of Iron 11.1 Iron Chemistry 11.2 Interactions of Iron with Dioxygen and Chemistry of Oxygen Free Radicals 21.3 Hydrolysis of Iron Salts 51.4 Formation and Characterisation of Ferrihydrite 71.5 Ageing of Amorphous Ferrihydrite to more Crystalline Products 101.6 Biomineralisation 111.7 Magnetite Biomineralisation by Magnetotactic Bacteria 132 The Essential Role of Iron in Biology 222.1 Introduction: Iron an Essential Element in Biology 222.2 Physical Techniques for the Study of Iron in Biological Systems 252.3 Classes of Iron Proteins 292.4 Haemoproteins 292.5 Iron–Sulphur Proteins 412.6 Non-haem, Non-Fe–S Proteins 482.7 The Dark Side of Iron: ROS, RNS and NTBI 623 Microbial Iron Uptake 713.1 Introduction 713.2 Iron Uptake from Siderophores 743.3 Fe2+ Transport Systems 933.4 Iron Release from Siderophores in the Cytoplasm 973.5 Intracellular Iron Metabolism 983.6 Control of Gene Expression by Iron 1014 Iron Acquisition by Pathogens 1204.1 Introduction 1204.2 Host Defence Mechanisms, Nutritional Immunity 1214.3 Pathogenicity and PAIs 1234.4 Pathogen-specific Iron Uptake Systems 1254.5 Role of Fur and Fur Homologues in Virulence 1414.6 Role of Pathogen ECF Sigma Factors 1414.7 Fungal Pathogens 1435 Iron Uptake by Plants and Fungi 1555.1 Iron Uptake by Plants 1555.2 Iron Metabolism and Homeostasis in Plants 1695.3 Iron Uptake, Metabolism and Homeostasis in Fungi 1786 Cellular Iron Uptake and Export in Mammals 2056.1 The Transferrins 2056.2 Cellular Iron Uptake 2196.3 Cellular Iron Export 2307 Mammalian Iron Metabolism and Dietary Iron Absorption 2477.1 An overview of Mammalian Iron Metabolism 2477.2 Mammalian Iron Absorption 2517.3 Molecular Mechanisms of Mucosal Iron Absorption 2568 Intracellular Iron Utilisation 2658.1 Intracellular Iron Pools 2658.2 Mitochondrial Iron Metabolism 2718.3 Haem Oxygenase 2879 Iron Storage Proteins 3009.1 Introduction 3009.2 The Ferritin Superfamily and Haemosiderins 3019.3 Iron Uptake and Release from Ferritin 3209.4 Biotechnological Applications of Ferritins 33510 Cellular and Systemic Iron Homeostasis 34610.1 Cellular Iron Homeostasis 34610.2 Systemic Iron Homeostasis 35710.3 Integration of Iron Homeostatic Systems 36711 Iron Deficiency, Iron Overload and Therapy 37611.2 Hereditary Iron Overload 38611.3 Acquired Iron Overload 39512 Iron and Immunity 41812.1 Introduction 41812.2 The Key Role of Macrophages 42212.3 Effect of Iron Status on Phagocytic Cell Function 42912.4 Effect of Phagocytic Cell Function on Iron Metabolism 43112.5 Effector Molecules of the Innate Immune System 43312.6 Adaptive Immunity 43712.7 Immune Function and other Factors 43812.8 Concluding Remarks 44013 Iron and Oxidative Stress 44413.1 Oxidative stress 44414 Interactions between Iron and other Metals 48214.1 Introduction 48214.2 Iron Interactions with Essential Metals 48314.3 Iron Interactions with Toxic Metals 50215 Iron Homeostasis and Neurodegeneration 51615.1 Introduction 51615.2 Brain iron 51715.3 Iron and Neurodegeneration 52215.4 Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation 52415.5 Other Monogenic Neurodegenerative Diseases 53015.6 Neurodegeneration Involving Multiple Genes 53315.7 Intracerebral Haemorrhage 538References 539Concluding Remarks 544Index 547

Professor Robert Crichton, Department of Biochemistry, Université Catholique de Louvain, BelgiumProfessor Crichton has worked on cytochrome c in Glasgow, insect haemoglobins in Munich, ferritins and transferrins in Glasgow and Berlin, and on all these areas plus new developments in the understanding of iron-protein interactions in Louvain-la-Neuve. He is the author of Metal-Based Neurodegeneration.

'This textbook is clearly a milestone which should be to hand for every researcher and scholar working on or interested in the biochemistry and clinical aspects of iron. Those needing to go further in depth on some specific aspects will find not only an excellent starting point but also their pathway through the impressive list of references at the end of each chapter.' Acta Cryst (International Union of Crystallography), November 2017

• Preface xii1 Solution Chemistry of Iron 11.1 Iron Chemistry 11.2 Interactions of Iron with Dioxygen and Chemistry of Oxygen Free Radicals 21.3 Hydrolysis of Iron Salts 51.4 Formation and Characterisation of Ferrihydrite 71.5 Ageing of Amorphous Ferrihydrite to more Crystalline Products 101.6 Biomineralisation 111.7 Magnetite Biomineralisation by Magnetotactic Bacteria 132 The Essential Role of Iron in Biology 222.1 Introduction: Iron an Essential Element in Biology 222.2 Physical Techniques for the Study of Iron in Biological Systems 252.3 Classes of Iron Proteins 292.4 Haemoproteins 292.5 Iron–Sulphur Proteins 412.6 Non-haem, Non-Fe–S Proteins 482.7 The Dark Side of Iron: ROS, RNS and NTBI 623 Microbial Iron Uptake 713.1 Introduction 713.2 Iron Uptake from Siderophores 743.3 Fe2+ Transport Systems 933.4 Iron Release from Siderophores in the Cytoplasm 973.5 Intracellular Iron Metabolism 983.6 Control of Gene Expression by Iron 1014 Iron Acquisition by Pathogens 1204.1 Introduction 1204.2 Host Defence Mechanisms, Nutritional Immunity 1214.3 Pathogenicity and PAIs 1234.4 Pathogen-specific Iron Uptake Systems 1254.5 Role of Fur and Fur Homologues in Virulence 1414.6 Role of Pathogen ECF Sigma Factors 1414.7 Fungal Pathogens 1435 Iron Uptake by Plants and Fungi 1555.1 Iron Uptake by Plants 1555.2 Iron Metabolism and Homeostasis in Plants 1695.3 Iron Uptake, Metabolism and Homeostasis in Fungi 1786 Cellular Iron Uptake and Export in Mammals 2056.1 The Transferrins 2056.2 Cellular Iron Uptake 2196.3 Cellular Iron Export 2307 Mammalian Iron Metabolism and Dietary Iron Absorption 2477.1 An overview of Mammalian Iron Metabolism 2477.2 Mammalian Iron Absorption 2517.3 Molecular Mechanisms of Mucosal Iron Absorption 2568 Intracellular Iron Utilisation 2658.1 Intracellular Iron Pools 2658.2 Mitochondrial Iron Metabolism 2718.3 Haem Oxygenase 2879 Iron Storage Proteins 3009.1 Introduction 3009.2 The Ferritin Superfamily and Haemosiderins 3019.3 Iron Uptake and Release from Ferritin 3209.4 Biotechnological Applications of Ferritins 33510 Cellular and Systemic Iron Homeostasis 34610.1 Cellular Iron Homeostasis 34610.2 Systemic Iron Homeostasis 35710.3 Integration of Iron Homeostatic Systems 36711 Iron Deficiency, Iron Overload and Therapy 37611.2 Hereditary Iron Overload 38611.3 Acquired Iron Overload 39512 Iron and Immunity 41812.1 Introduction 41812.2 The Key Role of Macrophages 42212.3 Effect of Iron Status on Phagocytic Cell Function 42912.4 Effect of Phagocytic Cell Function on Iron Metabolism 43112.5 Effector Molecules of the Innate Immune System 43312.6 Adaptive Immunity 43712.7 Immune Function and other Factors 43812.8 Concluding Remarks 44013 Iron and Oxidative Stress 44413.1 Oxidative stress 44414 Interactions between Iron and other Metals 48214.1 Introduction 48214.2 Iron Interactions with Essential Metals 48314.3 Iron Interactions with Toxic Metals 50215 Iron Homeostasis and Neurodegeneration 51615.1 Introduction 51615.2 Brain iron 51715.3 Iron and Neurodegeneration 52215.4 Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation 52415.5 Other Monogenic Neurodegenerative Diseases 53015.6 Neurodegeneration Involving Multiple Genes 53315.7 Intracerebral Haemorrhage 538References 539Concluding Remarks 544Index 547