Jules Janick is the James Troop Distinguished Professor of Horticulture at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, USA.

• Contributors ix 1. James L. Brewbaker: Distinguished Geneticist, Tropical Plant Breeder, Inspiring Teacher 1Ganesan Srinivasan and Jules JanickI. Early Years 2II. Research 5III. Educator 17IV. The Man 24Releases and Publications of James L. Brewbaker 272. Breeding Leucaena: Tropical Multipurpose Leguminous Tree 43James L. BrewbakerI. Introduction 45II. Genetic Resources 58III. Genetics in Relation to Breeding 70IV. Cultivar Development 75V. Breeding Challenges 88VI. The Future 108Acknowledgments 111Literature Cited 1113. Maize Doubled Haploids 123Zhixin Liu, Yanbo Wang, Jiaojiao Ren, Mei Mei, Ursula K. Frei, Benjamin Trampe, and Thomas LübberstedtI. Introduction 125II. History of Haploid Research in Maize 126III. Milestones for Establishing DH Technology in Maize Breeding 131IV. Application of DH Technology in Maize Breeding and Genetic Studies 148V. Application of DH Technology in Maize-Breeding Programs 152VI. Future Perspectives in Using DH Technology in Maize 157Acknowledgments 159Literature Cited 1604. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficiencies in Wheat: Physiology, Phenotyping, Genetics, and Breeding 167Harindra S. Balyan, Vijay Gahlaut, Anuj Kumar, Vandana Jaiswal, Raman Dhariwal, Sandhya Tyagi, Priyanka Agarwal, Supriya Kumari, and Pushpendra K. GuptaI. Introduction 170II. Physiology of N Uptake and Assimilation 173III. Physiology of P Uptake and Assimilation 177IV. Crop Phenotyping for NUE/PUE 180V. Genes Involved in N Uptake and Metabolism 184VI. QTL for NUE/PUE 188VII. MicroRNA, Long Non-Coding RNA, Target Mimics for N/P Homeostasis 195VIII. Approaches for the Genetic Improvement of NUE/PUE 200IX. Outlook 212Acknowledgments 214Literature Cited 2145. Interspecific Periclinal Chimeras as a Strategy for Cultivar Development 235Nagib A. Nassar, Nayra N. Bomfim Fernandes, Danielle Y. Hashimoto Freitas, and Thomas M. GradzielI. Introduction 236II. Chimera Form and Function 239III. Interspecies Chimeras 241IV. Case Studies 252V. Prospects 262Acknowledgments 262Literature Cited 2636. Open Source Plant Breeding and the Open Source Seed Initiative 271Claire H. Luby, Jack R. Kloppenburg, and Irwin L. GoldmanI. Introduction 273II. Restrictions on Freedom to Operate in Plant Breeding 275III. The Open Source Seed Initiative 280IV. Social and Political Context of Open Source Plant Breeding 283V. Breeding Context: Working with OSSI Germplasm 288VI. Outlook 296Literature Cited 2977. Rapid Cycle Breeding: Application of Transgenic Early Flowering for Perennial Trees 299Ann M. Callahan, Chinnathambi Srinivasan, Chris Dardick, and Ralph ScorzaI. Introduction 300II. Generation of Early Flowering Trees 302III. Utilizing Early Flowering for Rapid Cycle Breeding 317IV. Outlook 325Literature Cited 327Subject Index 335Cumulative Subject Index 337Cumulative Contributor Index 365

Jules Janick is the James Troop Distinguished Professor of Horticulture at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, USA.

• Contributors ix 1. James L. Brewbaker: Distinguished Geneticist, Tropical Plant Breeder, Inspiring Teacher 1Ganesan Srinivasan and Jules JanickI. Early Years 2II. Research 5III. Educator 17IV. The Man 24Releases and Publications of James L. Brewbaker 272. Breeding Leucaena: Tropical Multipurpose Leguminous Tree 43James L. BrewbakerI. Introduction 45II. Genetic Resources 58III. Genetics in Relation to Breeding 70IV. Cultivar Development 75V. Breeding Challenges 88VI. The Future 108Acknowledgments 111Literature Cited 1113. Maize Doubled Haploids 123Zhixin Liu, Yanbo Wang, Jiaojiao Ren, Mei Mei, Ursula K. Frei, Benjamin Trampe, and Thomas LübberstedtI. Introduction 125II. History of Haploid Research in Maize 126III. Milestones for Establishing DH Technology in Maize Breeding 131IV. Application of DH Technology in Maize Breeding and Genetic Studies 148V. Application of DH Technology in Maize-Breeding Programs 152VI. Future Perspectives in Using DH Technology in Maize 157Acknowledgments 159Literature Cited 1604. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficiencies in Wheat: Physiology, Phenotyping, Genetics, and Breeding 167Harindra S. Balyan, Vijay Gahlaut, Anuj Kumar, Vandana Jaiswal, Raman Dhariwal, Sandhya Tyagi, Priyanka Agarwal, Supriya Kumari, and Pushpendra K. GuptaI. Introduction 170II. Physiology of N Uptake and Assimilation 173III. Physiology of P Uptake and Assimilation 177IV. Crop Phenotyping for NUE/PUE 180V. Genes Involved in N Uptake and Metabolism 184VI. QTL for NUE/PUE 188VII. MicroRNA, Long Non-Coding RNA, Target Mimics for N/P Homeostasis 195VIII. Approaches for the Genetic Improvement of NUE/PUE 200IX. Outlook 212Acknowledgments 214Literature Cited 2145. Interspecific Periclinal Chimeras as a Strategy for Cultivar Development 235Nagib A. Nassar, Nayra N. Bomfim Fernandes, Danielle Y. Hashimoto Freitas, and Thomas M. GradzielI. Introduction 236II. Chimera Form and Function 239III. Interspecies Chimeras 241IV. Case Studies 252V. Prospects 262Acknowledgments 262Literature Cited 2636. Open Source Plant Breeding and the Open Source Seed Initiative 271Claire H. Luby, Jack R. Kloppenburg, and Irwin L. GoldmanI. Introduction 273II. Restrictions on Freedom to Operate in Plant Breeding 275III. The Open Source Seed Initiative 280IV. Social and Political Context of Open Source Plant Breeding 283V. Breeding Context: Working with OSSI Germplasm 288VI. Outlook 296Literature Cited 2977. Rapid Cycle Breeding: Application of Transgenic Early Flowering for Perennial Trees 299Ann M. Callahan, Chinnathambi Srinivasan, Chris Dardick, and Ralph ScorzaI. Introduction 300II. Generation of Early Flowering Trees 302III. Utilizing Early Flowering for Rapid Cycle Breeding 317IV. Outlook 325Literature Cited 327Subject Index 335Cumulative Subject Index 337Cumulative Contributor Index 365