Jules Janick is the James Troop Distinguished Professor of Horticulture at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, USA.

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• Contributors ix Dedication: Cary A. Mitchell xiiiRobert J. Joly1. Identification of Phytomorphs in the Voynich Codex 1Arthur O. Tucker and Jules JanickI. Introduction and Historical Context 4II. Phytomorph Identification 5III. Sources and Techniques 58Acknowledgments 60Literature Cited 602. Urban Agriculture: Environmental, Economic, and Social Perspectives 65Steve Hallett, Lori Hoagland, and Emily TonerI. Introduction 66II. Historical Perspectives 68III. Global Perspectives 72IV. The Three Pillars of Sustainability 82V. New Technologies 98VI. Urban Agriculture and Food Systems 104VII. Conclusions 107Literature Cited 1093. The Floriculture Vegetative Cutting Industry 121James E. Faust, John M. Dole, and Roberto G. LopezI. Scope of the Industry 123II. Stock-Plant Production 126III. Postharvest Handling and Physiology 137IV. Cutting Management and Propagation 148V. Case Studies 155VI. Future Directions 162Literature Cited 1654. Orchid Biotechnology 173Wagner A. Vendrame and Amir A. KhoddamzadehI. Introduction 175II. In Vitro Propagation Technology 178III. Bioreactor Technology 193IV. Synthetic Seed Technology (Synseed) 195V. Cryopreservation Technology 198VI. Summary and Conclusions 210Literature Cited 2115. Chilling Injury in Tomato Fruit 229Palash Biswas, Andrew R. East, Errol W. Hewett, and Julian A. HeyesI. Introduction 231II. Chilling Injury in Fruit 232III. Chilling Injury Symptoms in Tomato 241IV. Time–Temperature Thresholds for CI Symptoms 259V. Concluding Remarks 264Acknowledgment 265Literature Cited 2656. Oomycete Diseases of Cucurbits: History, Significance, and Management 279Mohammad BabadoostI. Introduction 281II. Oomycetes 282III. Oomycete Diseases of Cucurbits and their Management 288IV. Concluding Remarks 304Literature Cited 3067. Huanglongbing: Devastating Disease of Citrus 315Greg McCollum and Elizabeth BaldwinI. Introduction to Citrus 317II. Huanglongbing Disease 319III. Changes Induced by CLas Infection 328IV. Management Strategies to Minimize or Prevent HLB Disease 336V. HLB Effects on Flavor and Postharvest Quality 345VI. Conclusions 350Literature Cited 3528. Scab and Fire Blight of Apple: Issues in Integrated Pest Management 363Janna L. Beckerman and George W. SundinI. Introduction 364II. IPM and Apple Scab 366III. IPM and Fire Blight 375IV. Conclusions and Future Trends 383Acknowledgments 384Literature Cited 385Subject Index 391Cumulative Subject Index 393Cumulative Contributor Index 429

Jules Janick is the James Troop Distinguished Professor of Horticulture at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, USA.

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• Contributors ix Dedication: Cary A. Mitchell xiiiRobert J. Joly1. Identification of Phytomorphs in the Voynich Codex 1Arthur O. Tucker and Jules JanickI. Introduction and Historical Context 4II. Phytomorph Identification 5III. Sources and Techniques 58Acknowledgments 60Literature Cited 602. Urban Agriculture: Environmental, Economic, and Social Perspectives 65Steve Hallett, Lori Hoagland, and Emily TonerI. Introduction 66II. Historical Perspectives 68III. Global Perspectives 72IV. The Three Pillars of Sustainability 82V. New Technologies 98VI. Urban Agriculture and Food Systems 104VII. Conclusions 107Literature Cited 1093. The Floriculture Vegetative Cutting Industry 121James E. Faust, John M. Dole, and Roberto G. LopezI. Scope of the Industry 123II. Stock-Plant Production 126III. Postharvest Handling and Physiology 137IV. Cutting Management and Propagation 148V. Case Studies 155VI. Future Directions 162Literature Cited 1654. Orchid Biotechnology 173Wagner A. Vendrame and Amir A. KhoddamzadehI. Introduction 175II. In Vitro Propagation Technology 178III. Bioreactor Technology 193IV. Synthetic Seed Technology (Synseed) 195V. Cryopreservation Technology 198VI. Summary and Conclusions 210Literature Cited 2115. Chilling Injury in Tomato Fruit 229Palash Biswas, Andrew R. East, Errol W. Hewett, and Julian A. HeyesI. Introduction 231II. Chilling Injury in Fruit 232III. Chilling Injury Symptoms in Tomato 241IV. Time–Temperature Thresholds for CI Symptoms 259V. Concluding Remarks 264Acknowledgment 265Literature Cited 2656. Oomycete Diseases of Cucurbits: History, Significance, and Management 279Mohammad BabadoostI. Introduction 281II. Oomycetes 282III. Oomycete Diseases of Cucurbits and their Management 288IV. Concluding Remarks 304Literature Cited 3067. Huanglongbing: Devastating Disease of Citrus 315Greg McCollum and Elizabeth BaldwinI. Introduction to Citrus 317II. Huanglongbing Disease 319III. Changes Induced by CLas Infection 328IV. Management Strategies to Minimize or Prevent HLB Disease 336V. HLB Effects on Flavor and Postharvest Quality 345VI. Conclusions 350Literature Cited 3528. Scab and Fire Blight of Apple: Issues in Integrated Pest Management 363Janna L. Beckerman and George W. SundinI. Introduction 364II. IPM and Apple Scab 366III. IPM and Fire Blight 375IV. Conclusions and Future Trends 383Acknowledgments 384Literature Cited 385Subject Index 391Cumulative Subject Index 393Cumulative Contributor Index 429