Separation Process Principles

With Applications Using Process Simulators, EMEA Edition

Häftad, Engelska, 2019

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Beskrivning

Separation Process Principles with Applications Using Process Simulator, 4th EMEA Edition is the most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the major separation operations in the chemical industry. The 4th edition focuses on using process simulators to design separation processes and prepares readers for professional practice.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum:2019-07-26
Mått:10 x 10 x 10 mm
Vikt:454 g
Format:Häftad
Språk:Engelska
Antal sidor:560
Upplaga:4
Förlag:John Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN:9781119638636

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Innehållsförteckning

About the Authors iii Preface to the Fourth Edition vGeneral Nomenclature xiiiDimensions and Units xvii1. Separation Processes 11.0∗ Instructional Objectives 11.1∗ Industrial Chemical Processes 11.2∗ Basic Separation Techniques 31.3⚬ Separations by Phase Creation 41.4⚬ Separations by Phase Addition 61.5⚬ Separations by Barrier 71.6⚬ Separations by an External Field or Gradient 71.7∗ Brief Comparison of Common Separation Operations 81.8∗ Separation Processes, Product Purity, Component Recovery, and Separation Sequences 9Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises2. Thermodynamics of Separation Operations 162.0∗ Instructional Objectives 162.1∗ Phase Equilibria 162.2∗ Ideal-Gas, Ideal-Liquid-Solution Model 202.3⚬ Graphical Representation of Thermodynamic Properties 212.4⚬ Nonideal Thermodynamic Property Models 232.5⚬ P-v-T Equation-of-State (EOS) Models 232.6⚬ Highly Nonideal Liquid Solutions 272.7⚬ Gibbs Excess Free-Energy (gE) Models 292.8⚬ Predictive Models 342.9⚬ Electrolyte Solution Models 362.10⚬ Polymer Solution Models 362.11∗ K-Value Methods in Process Simulators 362.12∗ Exergy and Second-Law Analysis 37Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises3. Mass Transfer and Diffusion 463.0∗ Instructional Objectives 463.1∗ Steady-State, Ordinary Molecular Diffusion 473.2∗ Diffusion Coefficients (Diffusivities) 513.3∗ Steady-State and Unsteady-State Mass Transfer Through Stationary Media 583.4∗ Mass Transfer in Laminar Flow 603.5∗ Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flow 683.6∗ Models for Mass Transfer in Fluids with a Fluid–Fluid Interface 733.7∗ Two-Film Theory and Overall Mass-Transfer Coefficients 76Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises4. Single Equilibrium Stages and Flash Calculations 874.0∗ Instructional Objectives 874.1∗ Gibbs’ Phase Rule and Degrees of Freedom 884.2∗ Binary Vapor–Liquid Systems at Equilibrium 894.3∗ Equilibrium Two-Phase Flash Calculations 934.4∗ Ternary Liquid–Liquid Systems at Equilibrium 974.5⚬ Multicomponent Liquid–Liquid Systems 1014.6∗ Liquid–Solid Systems 1024.7∗ Gas–Liquid Systems 1044.8∗ Gas–Solid Systems 1054.9⦁ Three-Phase Equilibrium Systems 107Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises5. Multistage Cascades and Hybrid Systems 1185.0∗ Instructional Objectives 1185.1∗ Cascade Configurations 1185.2∗ Single-Section Liquid–Liquid Extraction Cascades 1195.3∗ Two-Section Distillation Cascades 1215.4⚬ Membrane Cascades 1235.5⚬ Hybrid Systems 1255.6∗ Degrees of Freedom and Specifications for Cascades 125Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises6. Absorption and Stripping 1376.0∗ Instructional Objectives 1376.1⚬ Equipment for Vapor–Liquid Separations 1386.2⚬ General Design Considerations 1436.3∗ Graphical Method for Trayed Towers 1446.4∗ Kremser Group Method for Multicomponent Absorption and Stripping 1486.5∗ Stage Efficiency and Column Height for Trayed Columns 1546.6∗ Flooding, Column Diameter, and Tray Layout for Trayed Columns 1616.7∗ Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns 1646.8∗ Packed-Column Liquid Holdup, Diameter, Flooding, Pressure Drop, and Mass-Transfer Efficiency 1696.9⦁ Reactive (Chemical) Absorption 180Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises7. Distillation of Binary Mixtures 1917.0∗ Instructional Objectives 1917.1⚬ Equipment and Design Considerations 1937.2∗ McCabe–Thiele Graphical Method for Trayed Towers 1937.3⚬ Extensions of the McCabe–Thiele Method 2037.4∗ Estimation of Tray Efficiency for Distillation 2087.5∗ Column and Reflux-Drum Diameters 2157.6∗ Rate-Based Method for Packed Distillation Columns 216Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises8. Liquid–Liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems 2318.0∗ Instructional Objectives 2318.1⚬ Equipment for Solvent Extraction 2338.2⚬ General Design Considerations 2398.3∗ Hunter–Nash Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method 2438.4⚬ Theory and Scale-Up of Extractor Performance 252Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises9. Approximate Methods for Multicomponent Distillation 2679.0∗ Instructional Objectives 2679.1∗ Fenske–Underwood–Gilliland (FUG) Method 2679.2∗ Using the Shortcut (FUG) Method with Process Simulators 279Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises10. Equilibrium-Based Methods for Multicomponent Absorption, Stripping, Distillation, and Extraction 28410.0∗ Instructional Objectives 28410.1∗ Simple Model for a Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Stage 28410.2⦁ Evolution of Methods for Solving the Mesh Equations 28610.3∗ Strategies for Applying Process-Simulator Methods 28710.4∗ Main Mathematical Procedures 29110.5∗ Bubble-Point (BP) and Sum-Rates (SR) Methods 29410.6∗ Simultaneous-Correction Method 29710.7∗ Inside-Out Method 30410.8⦁ Rigorous Methods for Liquid–Liquid Extraction 309Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises11. Enhanced Distillation and Supercritical Extraction 32011.0∗ Instructional Objectives 32011.1∗ Use of Triangular Graphs 32111.2∗ Extractive Distillation 33211.3⦁ Salt Distillation 33511.4⦁ Pressure-Swing Distillation 33711.5⦁ Homogeneous Azeotropic Distillation 33911.6∗ Heterogeneous Azeotropic Distillation 34311.7⦁ Reactive Distillation 35211.8⦁ Supercritical-Fluid Extraction 357Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises12. Rate-Based Models for Vapor–Liquid Separation Operations 36812.0⦁ Instructional Objectives 36812.1⦁ Rate-Based Model 37012.2⦁ Thermodynamic Properties and Transport-Rate Expressions 37212.3⦁ Methods for Estimating Transport Coefficients and Interfacial Area 37512.4⦁ Vapor and Liquid Flow Patterns 37512.5⦁ Method of Calculation 376Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises13. Batch Distillation 38513.0∗ Instructional Objectives 38513.1∗ Differential Distillation 38513.2∗ Binary Batch Rectification 38813.3⦁ Batch Stripping and Complex Batch Distillation 39013.4⦁ Effect of Liquid Holdup 39113.5∗ Stage-by-Stage Methods for Batch Rectification 39113.6∗ Intermediate-Cut Strategy 40013.7⦁ Optimal Control by Variation of Reflux Ratio 401Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises ∗Suitable for an UG course ⚬Optional ⦁Advanced14. Membrane Separations 40814.0∗ Instructional Objectives 40814.1⚬ Membrane Materials 41014.2⚬ Membrane Modules 41414.3∗ Mass Transfer in Membranes 41614.4∗ Dialysis 43014.5⚬ Electrodialysis 43214.6∗ Reverse Osmosis 43414.7∗ Gas Permeation 43814.8⚬ Pervaporation 441Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises15. Adsorption, Ion Exchange, and Chromatography 45115.0∗ Instructional Objectives 45115.1∗ Sorbents 45315.2∗ Equilibrium Considerations 46115.3∗ Kinetic and Transport Rate Considerations 47015.4⚬ Equipment for Sorption Operations 47515.5∗ Slurry and Fixed-Bed Adsorption Systems 47915.6∗ Continuous, Countercurrent Adsorption Systems 49415.7⚬ Ion-Exchange Cycle 50215.8∗ Chromatographic Separations 503Nomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, ExercisesAnswers to Selected Exercises 519Index 521