Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications

Inamuddin, PhD, is an assistant professor at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and is also an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has extensive research experience in multidisciplinary fields of analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, electrochemistry, renewable energy and environmental science. He has published about 150 research articles in various international scientific journals, 18 book chapters, and 60 edited books with multiple well-known publishers. Rajender Boddula, PdD, is currently working for the Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative (CAS-PIFI) at the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST, Beijing). His academic honors include multiple fellowships and scholarships, and he has published many scientific articles in international peer-reviewed journals, edited books with numerous publishers and has authored twenty book chapters. Mohd Imran Ahamed received his Ph.D on the topic "Synthesis and characterization of inorganic-organic composite heavy metals selective cation-exchangers and their analytical applications", from Aligarh Muslim University, India in 2019. He has published several research and review articles in SCI journals. His research focusses on ion-exchange chromatography, wastewater treatment and analysis, actuators and electrospinning. Abdullah M. Asiri is the Head of the Chemistry Department at King Abdulaziz University and the founder and Director of the Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR). He is the Editor-in-Chief of the King Abdulaziz University Journal of Science. He has received numerous awards, including the first prize for distinction in science from the Saudi Chemical Society in 2012. He holds multiple patents, has authored ten books and more than one thousand publications in international journals.

• Preface xi1 Fabrication Methods for Bulk Amorphous Alloys 1Marcin Nabiałek1.1 Production Methods of Amorphous Materials 21.1.1 Initial Preparation for the Production of Amorphous Materials 21.1.2 The Single-Wheel Melt-Spinning Method 31.1.3 Suction-Casting Method 61.1.4 Injection-Casting Method 71.1.5 Centrifugal Force Method 81.1.6 Mechanical Synthesis 81.1.7 The Drop Method (Metal Granulation) 101.1.8 Water Quenching Method 111.2 Applications of the Amorphous Alloys 111.2.1 First Commercial Applications of the Bulk Amorphous Alloys 121.2.2 Jewelry 121.2.3 Electrical and Electronic Technology Engineering 141.2.4 Sports Equipment 151.2.5 Electrical and Electronic Technology 161.2.6 Microelectromechanical Systems MEMS 181.2.7 Medicine 181.2.8 Military Equipment, Munitions 20References 212 Designing Corrosion-Resistant Alloys 27Jairo M. Cordeiro, Bruna E. Nagay, Mathew T. Mathew and Valentim A. R. Barão2.1 Introduction 272.2 Alloy Design for Corrosion Resistance 282.2.1 Role of Composition in Corrosion-Resistant Alloys 282.2.2 Influence of Alloy Microstructure on Corrosion Behavior 302.2.3 Manufacturing Process to Develop Corrosion-Resistant Alloys 322.3 Final Considerations 34References 343 Ni-Co-W Alloys: Influence of Operational Process Conditions on Their Electroplating 39Josiel Martins Costa, Daniella Gonçalves Portela and Ambrósio Florêncio de Almeida Neto3.1 Introduction 403.2 Metallic Alloys 413.2.1 Nickel Alloys 423.2.2 Tungsten Alloys 433.2.3 Cobalt Alloys 453.3 Ni-Co-W Alloys 463.4 Operational Parameters in the Electrodeposition of Alloys 513.4.1 Temperature 513.4.2 Rotating Cathode 533.4.3 Current Density 533.4.4 Bath Composition and pH 543.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 55References 564 Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Mg-Ti-B Alloy 61Hasan Eskalen, Hakan Yaykaşlı and Musa Gögebakan4.1 Introduction 624.2 Experimental 624.3 Results and Discussions 634.4 Conclusion 70Acknowledgments 71References 715 Magnetic Alloy Materials, Properties and Applications 73N. Suresh Kumar, R. Padma Suvarna, K. Chandra Babu Naidu, M.S.S.R.K.N. Sarma, Ramyakrishna Pothu and Rajender Boddula5.1 Introduction 735.2 Types of Magnetic Materials 765.2.1 Soft Magnetic Materials 765.2.2 Hard Magnetic Materials 775.3 Magnetic Alloy Materials 785.4 Conclusions 86References 876 Microstructural Characterization of Ball Milled Co60Fe18Ti18Nb4 Alloys and Their Photocatalytic Performance 91Hasan Eskalen, Serhan Uruş, Hakan Yaykaşlı and Musa Gögebakan6.1 Introduction 926.2 Experimental 936.2.1 Mechanical Alloying 936.2.2 Characterization 936.2.3 Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Blue 946.3 Results and Discussion 946.3.1 Characterization 946.3.2 Photocatalytic Studies 986.4 Conclusions 100References 1017 A Narrative Insight on the Biocompatibility Issues for Dental Alloys and Other Materials 105Sukriti Yadav and Swati Gangwar7.1 Introduction 1067.2 Detrimental Effect of Dental Restoratives: Irritation, Toxicity, Allergy, and Mutagenicity 1077.3 Absorption Routes of Toxic Substances Released From Fental Restorations 1087.4 Toxicity of Frequently Used Dental Restoratives 1097.4.1 Dental Silver Amalgams 1097.4.2 Glass Ionomer Cements 1107.4.3 Resin-Based Composites 1127.5 Factors Affecting the Degradation Process of Resin-Based Dental Restoratives 1147.5.1 Saliva Constituents 1147.5.2 Masticatory Forces 1157.5.3 Thermal and Chemical Nutrient Variations 1157.5.4 Oral Microorganism 1167.6 Conclusion 116References 1178 Technological Advances in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for Surface Treatment of Alloys and Ceramics 123Rajneesh Kumar Singh, Swati Gangwar and D.K. Singh8.1 Introduction 1248.2 Classification of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Process 1268.2.1 Magnetic Field Generated by Permanent Magnet 1268.2.2 Magnetic Field Generated by Static-Direct Current 1268.2.3 Magnetic Field Generated by Pulsed-Direct Current 1368.2.4 Magnetic Field Generated by Alternating Current 1378.3 Major Areas of Experimental Research in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing 1388.3.1 Process Parameters and Their Influence on Surface Roughness and Material Removal 1388.3.2 Process Parameters and Their Influence on Finishing Forces and Surface Temperature 1438.3.3 Study of Magnetic Abrasive Particles and Its Effect on Performance Parameters 1448.4 Major Areas of Theoretical Research in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing 1478.4.1 Finite Element Analysis of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing 1478.4.2 Process Optimization of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing 1498.5 Hybrid Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Process 1508.6 Conclusion 153References 1539 Alloy Materials for Biomedical Applications 159Bruna Egumi Nagay, Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro and Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão9.1 Overview of Biomedical Alloys 1599.2 The Key Properties Required for Biomedical Alloys 1619.2.1 Mechanical Properties 1619.2.2 Corrosion Resistance 1649.2.3 Biological Properties 1659.2.3.1 Biocompatibility 1659.2.3.2 Osseointegration 1669.2.3.3 Hemocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity 1669.2.3.4 Biodegradability 1679.3 Commonly Used Biomedical Alloys 1679.3.1 Stainless Steel 1689.3.2 Cobalt Alloys 1699.3.3 Titanium and Its Alloys 1719.3.4 Zirconium Alloys 1729.3.5 Tantalum and Niobium Alloys 1739.3.6 Biodegradable Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc-Based Alloys 1749.4 Conclusions 176References 17610 Alloys for K-Ion Batteries 191Sapna Raghav, Pallavi Jain, Praveen Kumar Yadav and Dinesh Kumar10.1 Introduction 19210.2 Anodes 19310.2.1 Titanium-Based Alloy 19310.2.2 Niobium-Based Alloy 19410.2.3 Manganese-Based Alloy 19410.2.4 Tungsten-Based Alloy 19410.2.5 Iron-Based Alloy 19510.2.6 Nickel-Based Alloy 19510.2.7 Zinc-Based Alloy 19610.2.8 Lead-Based Alloy 19610.2.9 Tin-Based Alloy 19710.2.10 Antimony-Based Alloy 19910.2.11 Bismuth-Based Electrode 20110.2.11.1 Bismuth Oxychloride Nanoflake Assemblies 20210.2.12 Phosphorus-Based Alloy 20210.2.13 Germanium-Based Alloy 20310.3 Alloys for Cathode 20310.3.1 Cobalt-Based Alloy 20310.3.2 Vanadium-Based Alloy 20310.3.3 Iron-Based Alloy 20410.3.4 Manganese-Based Alloy 20510.4 Conclusion 206Abbreviations 206Acknowledgment 206References 20711 Shape Memory Alloys 213Josephine S. Ruth D. and Glory Rebekah S. D.11.1 Introduction 21311.2 Evolution of Shape Memory Alloy 21411.3 Classification of SMA 21611.3.1 One-Way Shape Memory Effect (OWSME) 21811.3.2 Two-Way Shape Memory Effect (TWSME) 21911.4 Pseudo-Elasticity or Super-Elasticity (SE) 22011.5 Biasing Configurations 221References 223Index 225