Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology at the Edo University Iyamho, in Edo State, Nigeria. Currently, he is the Director of Intellectual Properties and Technology Transfer and Chairman of the Committee on Research Grants at EUI. He has won several scientific awards and grants from renowned academic bodies such as the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India. He has published more than 600 papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals as well as more than 50 books, 340 book chapters, and many scientific patents. Julius Kola Oloke, PhD, is a Professor and Vice Chancellor in the Department of Pure and Applied Biology at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. He has a PhD in microbiology from Obafemi Awolowo University in 1989. Professor Oloke was conferred with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award by the Federal Government of Nigeria in August 2012, for his work on formulating an immune modulating agent known as Trinity Immuno-booster (Trino IB) which has been used in many countries.

• Preface xv1 Application Nanobiopesticides Derived From Plants 1Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and Abel Inobeme1.1 Introduction 11.2 Concept of Biopesticides 31.3 Uniqueness of Nanobiopesticides 31.4 In Vitro Nanobiopesticides Assay 41.5 In Vivo Treatment with Nanobiofungicides 41.6 Conclusion 42 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides That Could Be Applied as Fumigants 7Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi, Nafisat Adeola Moshood, Dorcas Anuoluwapo Adeleke, Grace Onuwabhagbe Odine and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji2.1 Introduction 82.2 Types of Biopesticides 102.3 Nanobiopesticides 152.4 Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 162.5 Different Methods Used in the Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 182.6 Possible Nanostructures 192.7 Mechanisms of Nanobiopesticides 202.8 Possible Action of Nanobiopesticide 222.9 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticide 252.10 Environmental Sustainability of Nanobiopesticides 292.11 Conclusion 303 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Biocides 37Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Goodness Oluchukwu Jonah, Oluwaseun Dorcas Opayinka, Divine Uwanna Okonimeh, Joanna Success Mishael, Funmilayo Peace Adebayo, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji3.1 Introduction 383.2 Nanotechnology and Its Application 393.3 Nanotechnology and Biopesticides 413.4 Various Benefits of Biopesticides 423.5 Different Kinds and Applications of Biopesticides 433.6 Utilization of Nanotechnology in Agricultural Systems 463.7 Nanobiopesticides 473.8 Strategies Used in the Production of Nanomaterials on the Basis of CRFs for the Application of Biocides 513.9 Impacts of Nanobiopesticides 533.10 Conclusion 544 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Disinfectant 63Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji4.1 Introduction 644.2 The Need for Biopesticides Worldwide 674.3 Structures for Possible Nanobiopesticides 704.4 Plant Interactions Between NPs 714.5 Systemic Method for NMs Selectivity: Uptake and Interaction Based on Physicochemical Properties 714.6 NP Uptake Dependent on Size 714.7 Surface Charge-Related NP Uptake 734.8 Differences in Anatomy and Application-Related NP Uptake 734.9 The Plants' Physiochemical Reaction to NPs and the Effects on Plant Growth and Seed Germination 744.10 Modern NPs for Plant Protection Advances 764.11 NPs Reduce Abiotic Stress Reaction 764.12 NPs of Cerium (CeO NPs) 774.13 NPs of Silicon (Si NPs) 784.14 NPs of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2 NPs) 794.15 Nanopesticides 804.16 Nanoemulsions 834.17 Polymer Nanopesticides 834.18 Nanopesticides as Solid NPs 834.19 Nanoherbicides 844.20 Nanofungicides 844.21 Nanofertilizers 854.22 Nanofertilizer Uptake, Translocation, and Action: Molecular Mechanism 864.23 System for Sensing with NPs 874.24 Pesticide Residue Detection Using NP-Based Biosensor 884.25 NPs for Detecting Plant Pathogens 894.26 Smart Plant Sensing System Based on NP 904.27 NPs for Managing the Postharvest Waste in Agriculture 924.28 Application of NP Risk and Health Hazards in Agriculture: Toxicological Impact 924.29 Required Qualifications for Selection as Nanobiopesticides 974.30 Reasons for Research 974.31 Important Considerations for Nanobiopesticides 974.32 Outlook for the Future 984.33 Conclusion 995 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Sanitizers 131Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi, Peace Abiodun Olajide and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji5.1 Introduction 1315.2 Nanotechnology and Nanoscience 1335.3 Demand for Biopesticides Worldwide 1355.4 Biopesticides in Light of Nanoparticles 1415.5 Methods for Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 1445.6 Potential Human Health Issues 1475.7 Morality and Potential Hazards 1475.8 Sanitizers 1485.9 Cleaning Strategies 1495.10 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Sanitizers 1575.11 Conclusion 1586 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides Slimicides Against Slime-Producing Microorganisms 171Ojo, S.K.S., Ayo, I.O., Otugboyega, J.O., Oluwole, B.R. and Ojo, A.M.6.1 Introduction 1726.2 Biopesticides 1736.3 Nanobiopesticides 1776.4 Application of Nanobiopesticides 1816.5 Conclusion 1857 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides That Could Be Applied for the Rejuvenation of Heavily Contaminated Environments 193Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji7.1 Introduction 1947.2 Nanopesticides: State-of-the-Art 1967.3 Nanobiopesticide 1987.4 In Vitro Nanobiopesticides Bioassay 2027.5 In Vivo Nanobiopesticide Application 2037.6 Fate of Nanopesticides 2057.7 Current Methods of Reducing Soil Pollution Through Biomimicry 2077.8 Toxicology, a Barrier for Nanopesticides 2127.9 Environmental Repercussions 2137.10 Second-Generation Nanobiopesticides 2147.11 Conclusion 2148 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Effective Management of Pests and Diseases in Animal Husbandry 229Etta, Hannah Edim8.1 Introduction 2308.2 Common Pests in Animal Husbandry 2318.3 Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides 2328.4 Method of Application 2358.5 Effects of Nanobiopesticides 2358.6 Conclusion 2379 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Mitigation of Several Biotic Stress 239Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji9.1 Introduction 2409.2 Systemic Resistance Can Be Caused by Physiological Stress 2419.3 Pathways for Multiple Stress Response Modulation 2449.4 Species of Reactive Oxygen 2449.5 Biopesticides 2509.6 Microbial Biopesticides 2569.7 Alleviation of Biotic Stress 2599.8 Consideration and Forecasting 26210 The Influence of Nanopesticides on the Social Economy, Its Bioeconomy Perspectives in Attaining Sustainable Development Goals 279Abere Benjamin Olusola and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji10.1 Introduction 28010.2 Literature Review 28110.3 Nanopesticides Categories 28310.4 Formulations of Nanopesticides 28310.5 Biopesticides 28510.6 Conclusion 28711 Application of Nanotechnology for the Production of Biopesticides, Bioinsecticides, Bioherbicides, Mosquitoe Repellants and Biofungicides 293Olorunsola Adeyomoye, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi T. Olaniyan, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Olalekan Akinbo, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew and Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo11.1 Introduction 29411.2 Nanotechnology 29511.3 Formulation and Delivery of Biopesticides Using Nanotechnology 29811.4 Application of Nanotechnology for Bioinsecticide Production 29911.5 Application of Nanotechnology for Bioherbicide Production 30011.6 Nanobiotechnology as an Emerging Approach to Combat Malaria 30111.7 Application of Nanotechnology for Biofungicide Production 30211.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 30312 Relevance of Nanomaterials Derived From Medicinal Plants for Marine and Terrestrial Environments: Recent Advances 311Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olalekan Akinbo, John Tsado Mathew, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Abel Inobeme, Olotu Titilayo, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Wadazani Dauda, Shakira Ghazanfar, Frank Abimbola Ogundolie, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo and Abdullahi Tunde Aborode12.1 Introduction 31212.2 Modes of Action of Nanodrugs Synthesized Using Genetically Engineered Metabolite 31312.3 Nanodrugs Synthesized Using Genetically Engineered Metabolites From Plant 31612.4 Nanoparticles Derived From Medicinal Plants Terrestrial Environment 31913 Biological Activities of Nanomaterials From Biogenic Source for the Treatment of Diseases and Its Role in Regenerative and Tissue Engineering 327Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Wadazani Dauda, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Shakira Ghazanfar, Frank Abimbola Ogundolie, John Tsado Mathew, Abel Inobeme, Olotu Titilayo, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo and Olalekan Akinbo13.1 Introduction 32813.2 General Overview 33013.3 Application of Nanotechnology in Tissue and Stem Cell Engineering 33313.4 Biochemical and Specific Modes of Action Involved in the Application of Nanodrugs for the Management of Diseases 33613.5 Conclusion 34014 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Mitigation of Several Abiotic Stress 347Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi and Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi14.1 Introduction 34714.2 Stress Speculations 34914.3 Stress Patterns 35014.4 Natural Stress 35214.5 Organic Stress 35214.6 Natural Stress 35314.7 Thermodynamic Pressure 35314.8 Stress on Heavy Metals 35614.9 Plant Response to Abiotic Stress 35614.10 Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Mechanisms 35814.11 Biotechnical Techniques to Reduce Plant Abiotic Stress 36414.12 An Approach for Future Applications of Nanomaterials in Combating Plant Stress 37214.13 Nanobiopesticides 37614.14 Conclusion 379References 379Index 401

Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology at the Edo University Iyamho, in Edo State, Nigeria. Currently, he is the Director of Intellectual Properties and Technology Transfer and Chairman of the Committee on Research Grants at EUI. He has won several scientific awards and grants from renowned academic bodies such as the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India. He has published more than 600 papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals as well as more than 50 books, 340 book chapters, and many scientific patents. Julius Kola Oloke, PhD, is a Professor and Vice Chancellor in the Department of Pure and Applied Biology at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. He has a PhD in microbiology from Obafemi Awolowo University in 1989. Professor Oloke was conferred with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award by the Federal Government of Nigeria in August 2012, for his work on formulating an immune modulating agent known as Trinity Immuno-booster (Trino IB) which has been used in many countries.

• Preface xv1 Application Nanobiopesticides Derived From Plants 1Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and Abel Inobeme1.1 Introduction 11.2 Concept of Biopesticides 31.3 Uniqueness of Nanobiopesticides 31.4 In Vitro Nanobiopesticides Assay 41.5 In Vivo Treatment with Nanobiofungicides 41.6 Conclusion 42 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides That Could Be Applied as Fumigants 7Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi, Nafisat Adeola Moshood, Dorcas Anuoluwapo Adeleke, Grace Onuwabhagbe Odine and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji2.1 Introduction 82.2 Types of Biopesticides 102.3 Nanobiopesticides 152.4 Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 162.5 Different Methods Used in the Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 182.6 Possible Nanostructures 192.7 Mechanisms of Nanobiopesticides 202.8 Possible Action of Nanobiopesticide 222.9 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticide 252.10 Environmental Sustainability of Nanobiopesticides 292.11 Conclusion 303 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Biocides 37Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Goodness Oluchukwu Jonah, Oluwaseun Dorcas Opayinka, Divine Uwanna Okonimeh, Joanna Success Mishael, Funmilayo Peace Adebayo, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji3.1 Introduction 383.2 Nanotechnology and Its Application 393.3 Nanotechnology and Biopesticides 413.4 Various Benefits of Biopesticides 423.5 Different Kinds and Applications of Biopesticides 433.6 Utilization of Nanotechnology in Agricultural Systems 463.7 Nanobiopesticides 473.8 Strategies Used in the Production of Nanomaterials on the Basis of CRFs for the Application of Biocides 513.9 Impacts of Nanobiopesticides 533.10 Conclusion 544 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Disinfectant 63Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji4.1 Introduction 644.2 The Need for Biopesticides Worldwide 674.3 Structures for Possible Nanobiopesticides 704.4 Plant Interactions Between NPs 714.5 Systemic Method for NMs Selectivity: Uptake and Interaction Based on Physicochemical Properties 714.6 NP Uptake Dependent on Size 714.7 Surface Charge-Related NP Uptake 734.8 Differences in Anatomy and Application-Related NP Uptake 734.9 The Plants' Physiochemical Reaction to NPs and the Effects on Plant Growth and Seed Germination 744.10 Modern NPs for Plant Protection Advances 764.11 NPs Reduce Abiotic Stress Reaction 764.12 NPs of Cerium (CeO NPs) 774.13 NPs of Silicon (Si NPs) 784.14 NPs of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2 NPs) 794.15 Nanopesticides 804.16 Nanoemulsions 834.17 Polymer Nanopesticides 834.18 Nanopesticides as Solid NPs 834.19 Nanoherbicides 844.20 Nanofungicides 844.21 Nanofertilizers 854.22 Nanofertilizer Uptake, Translocation, and Action: Molecular Mechanism 864.23 System for Sensing with NPs 874.24 Pesticide Residue Detection Using NP-Based Biosensor 884.25 NPs for Detecting Plant Pathogens 894.26 Smart Plant Sensing System Based on NP 904.27 NPs for Managing the Postharvest Waste in Agriculture 924.28 Application of NP Risk and Health Hazards in Agriculture: Toxicological Impact 924.29 Required Qualifications for Selection as Nanobiopesticides 974.30 Reasons for Research 974.31 Important Considerations for Nanobiopesticides 974.32 Outlook for the Future 984.33 Conclusion 995 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Sanitizers 131Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi, Peace Abiodun Olajide and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji5.1 Introduction 1315.2 Nanotechnology and Nanoscience 1335.3 Demand for Biopesticides Worldwide 1355.4 Biopesticides in Light of Nanoparticles 1415.5 Methods for Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 1445.6 Potential Human Health Issues 1475.7 Morality and Potential Hazards 1475.8 Sanitizers 1485.9 Cleaning Strategies 1495.10 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Sanitizers 1575.11 Conclusion 1586 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides Slimicides Against Slime-Producing Microorganisms 171Ojo, S.K.S., Ayo, I.O., Otugboyega, J.O., Oluwole, B.R. and Ojo, A.M.6.1 Introduction 1726.2 Biopesticides 1736.3 Nanobiopesticides 1776.4 Application of Nanobiopesticides 1816.5 Conclusion 1857 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides That Could Be Applied for the Rejuvenation of Heavily Contaminated Environments 193Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji7.1 Introduction 1947.2 Nanopesticides: State-of-the-Art 1967.3 Nanobiopesticide 1987.4 In Vitro Nanobiopesticides Bioassay 2027.5 In Vivo Nanobiopesticide Application 2037.6 Fate of Nanopesticides 2057.7 Current Methods of Reducing Soil Pollution Through Biomimicry 2077.8 Toxicology, a Barrier for Nanopesticides 2127.9 Environmental Repercussions 2137.10 Second-Generation Nanobiopesticides 2147.11 Conclusion 2148 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Effective Management of Pests and Diseases in Animal Husbandry 229Etta, Hannah Edim8.1 Introduction 2308.2 Common Pests in Animal Husbandry 2318.3 Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides 2328.4 Method of Application 2358.5 Effects of Nanobiopesticides 2358.6 Conclusion 2379 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Mitigation of Several Biotic Stress 239Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji9.1 Introduction 2409.2 Systemic Resistance Can Be Caused by Physiological Stress 2419.3 Pathways for Multiple Stress Response Modulation 2449.4 Species of Reactive Oxygen 2449.5 Biopesticides 2509.6 Microbial Biopesticides 2569.7 Alleviation of Biotic Stress 2599.8 Consideration and Forecasting 26210 The Influence of Nanopesticides on the Social Economy, Its Bioeconomy Perspectives in Attaining Sustainable Development Goals 279Abere Benjamin Olusola and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji10.1 Introduction 28010.2 Literature Review 28110.3 Nanopesticides Categories 28310.4 Formulations of Nanopesticides 28310.5 Biopesticides 28510.6 Conclusion 28711 Application of Nanotechnology for the Production of Biopesticides, Bioinsecticides, Bioherbicides, Mosquitoe Repellants and Biofungicides 293Olorunsola Adeyomoye, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi T. Olaniyan, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Olalekan Akinbo, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew and Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo11.1 Introduction 29411.2 Nanotechnology 29511.3 Formulation and Delivery of Biopesticides Using Nanotechnology 29811.4 Application of Nanotechnology for Bioinsecticide Production 29911.5 Application of Nanotechnology for Bioherbicide Production 30011.6 Nanobiotechnology as an Emerging Approach to Combat Malaria 30111.7 Application of Nanotechnology for Biofungicide Production 30211.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 30312 Relevance of Nanomaterials Derived From Medicinal Plants for Marine and Terrestrial Environments: Recent Advances 311Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olalekan Akinbo, John Tsado Mathew, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Abel Inobeme, Olotu Titilayo, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Wadazani Dauda, Shakira Ghazanfar, Frank Abimbola Ogundolie, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo and Abdullahi Tunde Aborode12.1 Introduction 31212.2 Modes of Action of Nanodrugs Synthesized Using Genetically Engineered Metabolite 31312.3 Nanodrugs Synthesized Using Genetically Engineered Metabolites From Plant 31612.4 Nanoparticles Derived From Medicinal Plants Terrestrial Environment 31913 Biological Activities of Nanomaterials From Biogenic Source for the Treatment of Diseases and Its Role in Regenerative and Tissue Engineering 327Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Wadazani Dauda, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Shakira Ghazanfar, Frank Abimbola Ogundolie, John Tsado Mathew, Abel Inobeme, Olotu Titilayo, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo and Olalekan Akinbo13.1 Introduction 32813.2 General Overview 33013.3 Application of Nanotechnology in Tissue and Stem Cell Engineering 33313.4 Biochemical and Specific Modes of Action Involved in the Application of Nanodrugs for the Management of Diseases 33613.5 Conclusion 34014 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Mitigation of Several Abiotic Stress 347Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi and Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi14.1 Introduction 34714.2 Stress Speculations 34914.3 Stress Patterns 35014.4 Natural Stress 35214.5 Organic Stress 35214.6 Natural Stress 35314.7 Thermodynamic Pressure 35314.8 Stress on Heavy Metals 35614.9 Plant Response to Abiotic Stress 35614.10 Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Mechanisms 35814.11 Biotechnical Techniques to Reduce Plant Abiotic Stress 36414.12 An Approach for Future Applications of Nanomaterials in Combating Plant Stress 37214.13 Nanobiopesticides 37614.14 Conclusion 379References 379Index 401

Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Microbiology at the Edo University Iyamho, in Edo State, Nigeria. Currently, he is the Director of Intellectual Properties and Technology Transfer and Chairman of the Committee on Research Grants at EUI. He has won several scientific awards and grants from renowned academic bodies such as the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India. He has published more than 600 papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals as well as more than 50 books, 340 book chapters, and many scientific patents. Julius Kola Oloke, PhD, is a Professor and Vice Chancellor in the Department of Pure and Applied Biology at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. He has a PhD in microbiology from Obafemi Awolowo University in 1989. Professor Oloke was conferred with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award by the Federal Government of Nigeria in August 2012, for his work on formulating an immune modulating agent known as Trinity Immuno-booster (Trino IB) which has been used in many countries.

• Preface xv1 Application Nanobiopesticides Derived From Plants 1Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and Abel Inobeme1.1 Introduction 11.2 Concept of Biopesticides 31.3 Uniqueness of Nanobiopesticides 31.4 In Vitro Nanobiopesticides Assay 41.5 In Vivo Treatment with Nanobiofungicides 41.6 Conclusion 42 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides That Could Be Applied as Fumigants 7Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi, Nafisat Adeola Moshood, Dorcas Anuoluwapo Adeleke, Grace Onuwabhagbe Odine and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji2.1 Introduction 82.2 Types of Biopesticides 102.3 Nanobiopesticides 152.4 Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 162.5 Different Methods Used in the Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 182.6 Possible Nanostructures 192.7 Mechanisms of Nanobiopesticides 202.8 Possible Action of Nanobiopesticide 222.9 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticide 252.10 Environmental Sustainability of Nanobiopesticides 292.11 Conclusion 303 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Biocides 37Kehinde Abraham Odelade, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Goodness Oluchukwu Jonah, Oluwaseun Dorcas Opayinka, Divine Uwanna Okonimeh, Joanna Success Mishael, Funmilayo Peace Adebayo, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji3.1 Introduction 383.2 Nanotechnology and Its Application 393.3 Nanotechnology and Biopesticides 413.4 Various Benefits of Biopesticides 423.5 Different Kinds and Applications of Biopesticides 433.6 Utilization of Nanotechnology in Agricultural Systems 463.7 Nanobiopesticides 473.8 Strategies Used in the Production of Nanomaterials on the Basis of CRFs for the Application of Biocides 513.9 Impacts of Nanobiopesticides 533.10 Conclusion 544 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Disinfectant 63Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji4.1 Introduction 644.2 The Need for Biopesticides Worldwide 674.3 Structures for Possible Nanobiopesticides 704.4 Plant Interactions Between NPs 714.5 Systemic Method for NMs Selectivity: Uptake and Interaction Based on Physicochemical Properties 714.6 NP Uptake Dependent on Size 714.7 Surface Charge-Related NP Uptake 734.8 Differences in Anatomy and Application-Related NP Uptake 734.9 The Plants' Physiochemical Reaction to NPs and the Effects on Plant Growth and Seed Germination 744.10 Modern NPs for Plant Protection Advances 764.11 NPs Reduce Abiotic Stress Reaction 764.12 NPs of Cerium (CeO NPs) 774.13 NPs of Silicon (Si NPs) 784.14 NPs of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2 NPs) 794.15 Nanopesticides 804.16 Nanoemulsions 834.17 Polymer Nanopesticides 834.18 Nanopesticides as Solid NPs 834.19 Nanoherbicides 844.20 Nanofungicides 844.21 Nanofertilizers 854.22 Nanofertilizer Uptake, Translocation, and Action: Molecular Mechanism 864.23 System for Sensing with NPs 874.24 Pesticide Residue Detection Using NP-Based Biosensor 884.25 NPs for Detecting Plant Pathogens 894.26 Smart Plant Sensing System Based on NP 904.27 NPs for Managing the Postharvest Waste in Agriculture 924.28 Application of NP Risk and Health Hazards in Agriculture: Toxicological Impact 924.29 Required Qualifications for Selection as Nanobiopesticides 974.30 Reasons for Research 974.31 Important Considerations for Nanobiopesticides 974.32 Outlook for the Future 984.33 Conclusion 995 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Sanitizers 131Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi, Peace Abiodun Olajide and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji5.1 Introduction 1315.2 Nanotechnology and Nanoscience 1335.3 Demand for Biopesticides Worldwide 1355.4 Biopesticides in Light of Nanoparticles 1415.5 Methods for Synthesis of Nanobiopesticides 1445.6 Potential Human Health Issues 1475.7 Morality and Potential Hazards 1475.8 Sanitizers 1485.9 Cleaning Strategies 1495.10 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides as Sanitizers 1575.11 Conclusion 1586 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides Slimicides Against Slime-Producing Microorganisms 171Ojo, S.K.S., Ayo, I.O., Otugboyega, J.O., Oluwole, B.R. and Ojo, A.M.6.1 Introduction 1726.2 Biopesticides 1736.3 Nanobiopesticides 1776.4 Application of Nanobiopesticides 1816.5 Conclusion 1857 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides That Could Be Applied for the Rejuvenation of Heavily Contaminated Environments 193Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Peace Abiodun Olajide and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji7.1 Introduction 1947.2 Nanopesticides: State-of-the-Art 1967.3 Nanobiopesticide 1987.4 In Vitro Nanobiopesticides Bioassay 2027.5 In Vivo Nanobiopesticide Application 2037.6 Fate of Nanopesticides 2057.7 Current Methods of Reducing Soil Pollution Through Biomimicry 2077.8 Toxicology, a Barrier for Nanopesticides 2127.9 Environmental Repercussions 2137.10 Second-Generation Nanobiopesticides 2147.11 Conclusion 2148 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Effective Management of Pests and Diseases in Animal Husbandry 229Etta, Hannah Edim8.1 Introduction 2308.2 Common Pests in Animal Husbandry 2318.3 Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides 2328.4 Method of Application 2358.5 Effects of Nanobiopesticides 2358.6 Conclusion 2379 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Mitigation of Several Biotic Stress 239Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji9.1 Introduction 2409.2 Systemic Resistance Can Be Caused by Physiological Stress 2419.3 Pathways for Multiple Stress Response Modulation 2449.4 Species of Reactive Oxygen 2449.5 Biopesticides 2509.6 Microbial Biopesticides 2569.7 Alleviation of Biotic Stress 2599.8 Consideration and Forecasting 26210 The Influence of Nanopesticides on the Social Economy, Its Bioeconomy Perspectives in Attaining Sustainable Development Goals 279Abere Benjamin Olusola and Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji10.1 Introduction 28010.2 Literature Review 28110.3 Nanopesticides Categories 28310.4 Formulations of Nanopesticides 28310.5 Biopesticides 28510.6 Conclusion 28711 Application of Nanotechnology for the Production of Biopesticides, Bioinsecticides, Bioherbicides, Mosquitoe Repellants and Biofungicides 293Olorunsola Adeyomoye, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi T. Olaniyan, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Olalekan Akinbo, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Abel Inobeme, John Tsado Mathew and Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo11.1 Introduction 29411.2 Nanotechnology 29511.3 Formulation and Delivery of Biopesticides Using Nanotechnology 29811.4 Application of Nanotechnology for Bioinsecticide Production 29911.5 Application of Nanotechnology for Bioherbicide Production 30011.6 Nanobiotechnology as an Emerging Approach to Combat Malaria 30111.7 Application of Nanotechnology for Biofungicide Production 30211.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 30312 Relevance of Nanomaterials Derived From Medicinal Plants for Marine and Terrestrial Environments: Recent Advances 311Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olalekan Akinbo, John Tsado Mathew, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Abel Inobeme, Olotu Titilayo, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Wadazani Dauda, Shakira Ghazanfar, Frank Abimbola Ogundolie, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo and Abdullahi Tunde Aborode12.1 Introduction 31212.2 Modes of Action of Nanodrugs Synthesized Using Genetically Engineered Metabolite 31312.3 Nanodrugs Synthesized Using Genetically Engineered Metabolites From Plant 31612.4 Nanoparticles Derived From Medicinal Plants Terrestrial Environment 31913 Biological Activities of Nanomaterials From Biogenic Source for the Treatment of Diseases and Its Role in Regenerative and Tissue Engineering 327Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Olulope Olufemi Ajayi, Wadazani Dauda, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Shakira Ghazanfar, Frank Abimbola Ogundolie, John Tsado Mathew, Abel Inobeme, Olotu Titilayo, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi, Shakirat Oloruntoyin Ajenifujah-Solebo and Olalekan Akinbo13.1 Introduction 32813.2 General Overview 33013.3 Application of Nanotechnology in Tissue and Stem Cell Engineering 33313.4 Biochemical and Specific Modes of Action Involved in the Application of Nanodrugs for the Management of Diseases 33613.5 Conclusion 34014 Application of Plant-Based Nanobiopesticides for Mitigation of Several Abiotic Stress 347Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi and Oluwakemi Semiloore Omowumi14.1 Introduction 34714.2 Stress Speculations 34914.3 Stress Patterns 35014.4 Natural Stress 35214.5 Organic Stress 35214.6 Natural Stress 35314.7 Thermodynamic Pressure 35314.8 Stress on Heavy Metals 35614.9 Plant Response to Abiotic Stress 35614.10 Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Mechanisms 35814.11 Biotechnical Techniques to Reduce Plant Abiotic Stress 36414.12 An Approach for Future Applications of Nanomaterials in Combating Plant Stress 37214.13 Nanobiopesticides 37614.14 Conclusion 379References 379Index 401