Maxwell Mudhara lectures at the School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences and is Director of the Farmer Support Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. William Critchley is a Director of Sustainable Land Management Associates Ltd, UK and former Senior Advisor at the Sustainable Land Management Thematic Unit, Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Sabina Di Prima is a Sustainable Land Management Specialist at the Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Saa Dittoh teaches in the Department of Climate Change and Food Security, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana and was formerly Head of the University's Food and Nutrition Security Unit. Mohamed F. Sessay is a Senior Programme Officer with the Biodiversity Unit of the Division of Environmental Policy Implementation (DEPI), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Nairobi, Kenya. He was Chief of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Biodiversity/Land Degradation/Biosafety Unit in DEPI, UNEP until his retirement in March 2015.

"This book serves as an important inventory and source of knowledge about the new approach needed to tackle some of the challenges facing human kind in the present era. The book will be relevant for a very long time as a lesson to scholars and a reference for policy makers." – from the foreword by Albert T. Modi, Dean and Head of School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa."... to many people the concepts of ‘community innovations’ and ‘indigenous knowledge’ are vague and often confused. Few people understand what community innovation is and how it can be supported and expanded to promote sustainable initiatives. This book, which outlines the origin, theory behind, and practice of an approach termed Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management (SCI-SLM) tackles this uncertainty head on and provides practical examples, tools and frameworks to support and expand such innovations... The case studies show that research on community innovations can be time-consuming, complicated and difficult as it often entails complex social, technical and political aspects. However, the lessons learnt and the experiences outlined by the project teams in the four countries (which are highlighted in the final chapter) can be used to help communities and researchers make innovations happen." - Terry Everson in African Journal of Range & Forage Science (2017).

• 1. Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management (SCI-SLM): An Introduction William Critchley, Maxwell Mudhara and Mohamed Sessay 2. Local Innovation: Theory, Experience and the Basis for SCI-SLM William Critchley and Sabina Di Prima 3. SCI-SLM Methodology: Origins of the Design Sabina Di Prima and William Critchley 4. SCI-SLM: Innovation Begins at Programme Level Maxwell Mudhara and Mohamed Sessay 5. Community Innovations in Sustainable Land Management: Lessons from Northern Ghana Saa Dittoh , Conrad A. Weobong, Margaret A. Akuriba and Cuthbert Kaba Nabilse 6. Community Initiatives for Sustainable Natural Resource Management in the High Atlas, Morocco M. Mahdi, Z. Tijani, M. Tami, and W. Tuyp 7. Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management in South Africa Avrashka Sahadeva, Maxwell Mudhara Michael Malinga, and Zanele Shezi 8. Community Initiatives for Improving Degraded Ecosystems in Uganda Stephen Muwaya, Richard Molo, John Ssendawula, Swidiq Mugerwa, Alex Lwakuba and Sabina Di Prima 9. Cross-learning with Community Initiatives Wendelien Tuijp, Saa Dittoh, Mohamed Mahdi and Maxwell Mudhara 10. Contributing to Global Environmental Benefits Saa Dittoh, Maxwell Mudhara and Conrad Weobong with Stephen Muwaya and Mohammed Mahdi 11. SCI-SLM Methodology: Refinement of the Original Design Sabina Di Prima, William Critchley, and Eva van de Ven 12. Lessons Learned and Conclusions William Critchley, Sabina Di Prima, Maxwell Mudhara and Saa Dittoh

Maxwell Mudhara lectures at the School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences and is Director of the Farmer Support Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. William Critchley is a Director of Sustainable Land Management Associates Ltd, UK and former Senior Advisor at the Sustainable Land Management Thematic Unit, Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Sabina Di Prima is a Sustainable Land Management Specialist at the Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Saa Dittoh teaches in the Department of Climate Change and Food Security, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana and was formerly Head of the University's Food and Nutrition Security Unit. Mohamed F. Sessay is a Senior Programme Officer with the Biodiversity Unit of the Division of Environmental Policy Implementation (DEPI), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Nairobi, Kenya. He was Chief of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Biodiversity/Land Degradation/Biosafety Unit in DEPI, UNEP until his retirement in March 2015.

"This book serves as an important inventory and source of knowledge about the new approach needed to tackle some of the challenges facing human kind in the present era. The book will be relevant for a very long time as a lesson to scholars and a reference for policy makers." – from the foreword by Albert T. Modi, Dean and Head of School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa."... to many people the concepts of ‘community innovations’ and ‘indigenous knowledge’ are vague and often confused. Few people understand what community innovation is and how it can be supported and expanded to promote sustainable initiatives. This book, which outlines the origin, theory behind, and practice of an approach termed Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management (SCI-SLM) tackles this uncertainty head on and provides practical examples, tools and frameworks to support and expand such innovations... The case studies show that research on community innovations can be time-consuming, complicated and difficult as it often entails complex social, technical and political aspects. However, the lessons learnt and the experiences outlined by the project teams in the four countries (which are highlighted in the final chapter) can be used to help communities and researchers make innovations happen." - Terry Everson in African Journal of Range & Forage Science (2017).

• 1. Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management (SCI-SLM): An Introduction William Critchley, Maxwell Mudhara and Mohamed Sessay 2. Local Innovation: Theory, Experience and the Basis for SCI-SLM William Critchley and Sabina Di Prima 3. SCI-SLM Methodology: Origins of the Design Sabina Di Prima and William Critchley 4. SCI-SLM: Innovation Begins at Programme Level Maxwell Mudhara and Mohamed Sessay 5. Community Innovations in Sustainable Land Management: Lessons from Northern Ghana Saa Dittoh , Conrad A. Weobong, Margaret A. Akuriba and Cuthbert Kaba Nabilse 6. Community Initiatives for Sustainable Natural Resource Management in the High Atlas, Morocco M. Mahdi, Z. Tijani, M. Tami, and W. Tuyp 7. Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management in South Africa Avrashka Sahadeva, Maxwell Mudhara Michael Malinga, and Zanele Shezi 8. Community Initiatives for Improving Degraded Ecosystems in Uganda Stephen Muwaya, Richard Molo, John Ssendawula, Swidiq Mugerwa, Alex Lwakuba and Sabina Di Prima 9. Cross-learning with Community Initiatives Wendelien Tuijp, Saa Dittoh, Mohamed Mahdi and Maxwell Mudhara 10. Contributing to Global Environmental Benefits Saa Dittoh, Maxwell Mudhara and Conrad Weobong with Stephen Muwaya and Mohammed Mahdi 11. SCI-SLM Methodology: Refinement of the Original Design Sabina Di Prima, William Critchley, and Eva van de Ven 12. Lessons Learned and Conclusions William Critchley, Sabina Di Prima, Maxwell Mudhara and Saa Dittoh

Maxwell Mudhara lectures at the School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences and is Director of the Farmer Support Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. William Critchley is a Director of Sustainable Land Management Associates Ltd, UK and former Senior Advisor at the Sustainable Land Management Thematic Unit, Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Sabina Di Prima is a Sustainable Land Management Specialist at the Centre for International Cooperation, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Saa Dittoh teaches in the Department of Climate Change and Food Security, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana and was formerly Head of the University's Food and Nutrition Security Unit. Mohamed F. Sessay is a Senior Programme Officer with the Biodiversity Unit of the Division of Environmental Policy Implementation (DEPI), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Nairobi, Kenya. He was Chief of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Biodiversity/Land Degradation/Biosafety Unit in DEPI, UNEP until his retirement in March 2015.

"This book serves as an important inventory and source of knowledge about the new approach needed to tackle some of the challenges facing human kind in the present era. The book will be relevant for a very long time as a lesson to scholars and a reference for policy makers." – from the foreword by Albert T. Modi, Dean and Head of School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa."... to many people the concepts of ‘community innovations’ and ‘indigenous knowledge’ are vague and often confused. Few people understand what community innovation is and how it can be supported and expanded to promote sustainable initiatives. This book, which outlines the origin, theory behind, and practice of an approach termed Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management (SCI-SLM) tackles this uncertainty head on and provides practical examples, tools and frameworks to support and expand such innovations... The case studies show that research on community innovations can be time-consuming, complicated and difficult as it often entails complex social, technical and political aspects. However, the lessons learnt and the experiences outlined by the project teams in the four countries (which are highlighted in the final chapter) can be used to help communities and researchers make innovations happen." - Terry Everson in African Journal of Range & Forage Science (2017).

• 1. Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management (SCI-SLM): An Introduction William Critchley, Maxwell Mudhara and Mohamed Sessay 2. Local Innovation: Theory, Experience and the Basis for SCI-SLM William Critchley and Sabina Di Prima 3. SCI-SLM Methodology: Origins of the Design Sabina Di Prima and William Critchley 4. SCI-SLM: Innovation Begins at Programme Level Maxwell Mudhara and Mohamed Sessay 5. Community Innovations in Sustainable Land Management: Lessons from Northern Ghana Saa Dittoh , Conrad A. Weobong, Margaret A. Akuriba and Cuthbert Kaba Nabilse 6. Community Initiatives for Sustainable Natural Resource Management in the High Atlas, Morocco M. Mahdi, Z. Tijani, M. Tami, and W. Tuyp 7. Stimulating Community Initiatives in Sustainable Land Management in South Africa Avrashka Sahadeva, Maxwell Mudhara Michael Malinga, and Zanele Shezi 8. Community Initiatives for Improving Degraded Ecosystems in Uganda Stephen Muwaya, Richard Molo, John Ssendawula, Swidiq Mugerwa, Alex Lwakuba and Sabina Di Prima 9. Cross-learning with Community Initiatives Wendelien Tuijp, Saa Dittoh, Mohamed Mahdi and Maxwell Mudhara 10. Contributing to Global Environmental Benefits Saa Dittoh, Maxwell Mudhara and Conrad Weobong with Stephen Muwaya and Mohammed Mahdi 11. SCI-SLM Methodology: Refinement of the Original Design Sabina Di Prima, William Critchley, and Eva van de Ven 12. Lessons Learned and Conclusions William Critchley, Sabina Di Prima, Maxwell Mudhara and Saa Dittoh