Liping Bu is a Professor of History at Alma College, Michigan, USA.

• List of illustrations AcknowledgmentsList of abbreviations Primary sources Introduction: modernization and public health 1 Public health: a modern concept of national power Introduction From salubrious cities to polluted treaty ports Hygiene and public health: a divide of foreigners and Chinese Missionaries and Western medicine The Boxer Uprising, public health and modern reforms Social Darwinism and national strength The Manchurian plague and national sovereignty Modern prevention measures and traditional social customs Public health and Western medicine Health education campaigns: public health and national strength Government policy, modern medicine, and public health Conclusion Notes 2 Science, public health and national renaissance Introduction The science society of China and the new culture of science Medical and social understanding of the human body Peking Union Medical College: an American outpost of medical science in China 1917–1918 plague: epidemic prevention and popularization of scienceJohn B. Grant and the training of public health professionals Sanitary control, vital statistic collection,and tensions in the community Maternal care and midwifery training Health stations in urban and rural China State medicine and national health Conclusion Notes 3 Building a modern health system: GMD’s state medicine and CCP’s people’s health, 1920s–40s Introduction Part I: GMD’s state building and health modernization Part II: Health development at CCP revolutionary bases Conclusion Notes 4 People’s health and socialist reconstruction Introduction Laying the foundation: national health policies and tasks (1949–1953) Patriotic Health Movement, literacy, and scientific socialist reconstruction Uniting Chinese and Western medicines: a difficult road in the 1950s Healthcare in urban and rural China Rural health and barefoot doctors during the Cultural Revolution Disease control and social transformation: cases of anti-tuberculosis and anti-malaria campaigns Conclusion Notes 5 Economic reforms and new healthcare Introduction Marketization of economy and the collapse of socialist healthcare Government efforts to reform and re-build the health system Conclusion Notes Index

Liping Bu is a Professor of History at Alma College, Michigan, USA.

• List of illustrations AcknowledgmentsList of abbreviations Primary sources Introduction: modernization and public health 1 Public health: a modern concept of national power Introduction From salubrious cities to polluted treaty ports Hygiene and public health: a divide of foreigners and Chinese Missionaries and Western medicine The Boxer Uprising, public health and modern reforms Social Darwinism and national strength The Manchurian plague and national sovereignty Modern prevention measures and traditional social customs Public health and Western medicine Health education campaigns: public health and national strength Government policy, modern medicine, and public health Conclusion Notes 2 Science, public health and national renaissance Introduction The science society of China and the new culture of science Medical and social understanding of the human body Peking Union Medical College: an American outpost of medical science in China 1917–1918 plague: epidemic prevention and popularization of scienceJohn B. Grant and the training of public health professionals Sanitary control, vital statistic collection,and tensions in the community Maternal care and midwifery training Health stations in urban and rural China State medicine and national health Conclusion Notes 3 Building a modern health system: GMD’s state medicine and CCP’s people’s health, 1920s–40s Introduction Part I: GMD’s state building and health modernization Part II: Health development at CCP revolutionary bases Conclusion Notes 4 People’s health and socialist reconstruction Introduction Laying the foundation: national health policies and tasks (1949–1953) Patriotic Health Movement, literacy, and scientific socialist reconstruction Uniting Chinese and Western medicines: a difficult road in the 1950s Healthcare in urban and rural China Rural health and barefoot doctors during the Cultural Revolution Disease control and social transformation: cases of anti-tuberculosis and anti-malaria campaigns Conclusion Notes 5 Economic reforms and new healthcare Introduction Marketization of economy and the collapse of socialist healthcare Government efforts to reform and re-build the health system Conclusion Notes Index