Rwanda 1994

Barrie Collins is an independent researcher and holds a PhD in Politics from The School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), UK.

'Should we let the contextual facts get in the way of a powerful universal morality tale ofgenocide and intervention? Collins is brave enough to think that we should. He makes a compelling case that moral certainties make for poor and reductionist historical, political and legal judgements. This book is going to disturb and unsettle anyone who thinks that genocide is an abstract concept: 'simply' a crime made 'to order' by criminal masterminds and their docile subjects. This is a meticulous study of the genocide which at the same time treats the people of Rwanda with the dignity and respect they deserve.' David Chandler, Professor of International Relations, University of Westminster, UK 'The standard account of the Rwandan 'genocide' of 1994 rests on a conspiracy theory. As Collins demonstrates in his book, the evidence supporting the theory is no better than the evidence refuting it. The United Nations, through its creation of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, has inadvertently lent its weight to the standard account. Why would a UN Tribunal endorse a myth? No further conspiracy theory is required to explain the ICTR's blinkered view of events in the 1994 Rwandan war. The ICTR fell into the rut of victor's justice, only ever prosecuting the losing side in the 1994 war. The winning side, which since that year has ruled Rwanda, was left alone. Almost twenty years after its establishment the Tribunal is still in the same rut. The lesson for international justice surely is that atrocities should be prosecuted with an open mind and without compromise.' Dr Alexander Zahar, former legal officer at the ICTR and ICTY and co-author of 'International Criminal Law: A Critical Introduction' (2008)

• Introduction 1. Apocalypse 1994 2. The Kingdom, the Colony and the Republics: Ethnicity in Perspective 3. The RPF's War 4. The Myth of the Akazu Genocide Conspiracy 5. Hate Speech, the Audience and Mass Killings 6. Genocide and Humanitarian Intervention in the 20th Century 7. Consequences