Diatom Ecology

Nora I. Maidana, PhD, is an expert on diatom taxonomy. She works at Universidad de Buenos Aires as a consultant adjunct professor and at Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) as principal researcher. She is an invited lecturer at various institutions in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, México, Germany, Spain, Perú, and Uruguay. Her research focuses on taxonomy and diversity of freshwaters and brackish water diatoms, and their use as bioindicators in paleolimnology and forensic sciences. Magdalena Licursi, PhD, is an expert on freshwater diatom ecology. She works at Instituto Nacional de Limnología ‘INALI’ (CONICET-UNL) as associate researcher of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). She has collaborated and published with colleagues from Belgium, France, Spain, and Colombia on international projects. Her research focuses on ecology and diversity of freshwater diatoms, and their use as bioindicators in the assessment of water quality. Eduardo A. Morales, PhD, was an expert on diatom taxonomy and ecology. He worked at several US, Bolivian, Brazilian and Argentinian institutions as a researcher, taxonomy coordinator, instructor and invited lecturer. He was also Curator of the Cryptogams Herbarium, Bolivian Catholic University in Cochabamba, Bolivia. His research focused on taxonomy and diversity of araphid diatoms of freshwater, brackish and marine environments.

• Preface xxvii1 Using Diatoms to Guide Successful Ecological Restoration 1Evelyn E. Gaiser1.1 Introduction 21.2 Components of Successful Ecosystem Restoration 31.3 Incorporating Diatoms in Ecological Restoration 81.4 Communicating Diatom-Based Indicators of Restoration Progress 241.5 Summary and Opportunities 272 Abundance-Occupancy Relationships in Freshwaters: The Case of Pond Diatoms 41Saúl Blanco, María Borrego-Ramos and Óscar Fernández-Ramos2.1 Introduction 422.2 Materials and Methods 432.3 Results 472.4 Discussion 493 The Ecology of Diatom Reproduction 59David G. Mann and Mark B. Edlund3.1 Introduction 603.2 Reports of Auxosporulation in Natural Populations 633.3 Ecological Significance of Auxosporulation 713.4 Future Prospects for Phenological Studies 744 Deterministic and Stochastic Effects on Freshwater Diatom Biodiversity and Community Composition 85Xavier Benito, Sophia I. Passy, Annika Vilmi, Aurélien Jamoneau, Juliette Tison-Rosebery, Maria Kahlert, Chad A. Larson, Joseph L. Mruzek, Janne Soininen and Andrew Bramburger4.1 Introduction 864.2 Deterministic Effects on Diatom Metacommunities 944.3 Stochastic Effects on Diatom Metacommunities 984.4 Relative Importance of Deterministic and Stochastic Effects on Diatom Metacommunities 1004.5 Assembly Processes Over Time 1024.6 Assembly Processes Over Space 1044.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Directions 1055 Recent Insights into Diatom Distributions and the Contributions of Molecular Approaches 123Jana Kulichová and Rosa Trobajo5.1 Introduction 1245.2 A Metacommunity Framework 1425.3 Metabarcoding 1465.4 The Problem of Undersampling 1495.5 Conclusions 1506 Diatom Taxonomy: Disentangled from Ecology? 163Eileen J. Cox6.1 Introduction 1646.2 Diatom Taxonomy 1656.3 Diatom Ecology 1746.4 Where Are the Challenges? 1816.5 Integrating Information 1826.6 Conclusions 1837 Diatom Biodiversity in Urban Freshwater Ecosystems: Opportunities and Challenges for Conservation 203Majoi de Novaes Nascimento and Luciane Fontana7.1 Contextualizing Urban and Novel Ecosystems 2047.2 Diatom Diversity in Novel Freshwater Ecosystems: Insights and Future Directions from a Systematic Literature Review 2087.3 Mapping Gaps and Opportunities 2137.4 Ecological Importance of Diatoms in Monitoring and Managing Urban Freshwater Ecosystems 2167.5 Climate Change and Conservation of Diatom Biodiversity in Urban Systems 2177.6 New Approaches and Perspectives for the Future 2198 Guilds for Diatoms: History and Future Prospects 233Csilla Stenger-Kovács and Viktória B-Béres8.1 The Origin and History of the Guild Concept 2348.2 Passy's Idea: Use of the Guild Concept in Diatom Research 2368.3 Relationship Between Guilds and Environmental Variables 2428.4 Effect of Global Threatening Processes on Guilds 2498.5 Diatom Guilds in Plankton and Their Ecological Role 2528.6 Guild Dispersal, Guild-Based Metacommunity Analysis and Β-Diversity 2538.7 Guilds in Conservation Biology Studies 2588.8 Guilds in the Past, Present and Future 2608.9 Conclusion and Future Directions of the Guild Concept in Diatom Community Ecology 2639 Soil Diatoms and Their Use in Bioindication 281Jasper Foets and Eveline Pinseel9.1 Introduction 2829.2 Taxonomy 2849.3 Ecology 2919.4 Diatoms as Environmental Markers 2979.5 Soil Diatoms in Forensic Sciences 3019.6 Future Perspectives 30210 Lacustrine Diatoms as Paleoclimate Proxies and Their Use in Climate Change Research 329Gabriela S. Hassan10.1 Introduction 33010.2 Lacustrine Diatoms as Archives of Climatic Signals 33210.3 Diatoms, Limnology and Climate 33510.4 Conclusions 35111 Diatoms in Temporary Rivers: Importance in a Global Climate Change Context 361Maria Helena Novais and Manuela Morais11.1 Introduction 36111.2 Diatoms Adaptation Mechanisms in Temporary Rivers 36611.3 Flow Reduction/Lentification 37011.4 Desiccation Stress 37211.5 Thermal Stress 37411.6 UV Radiation Exposure 37611.7 Community Dynamics in Temporary Rivers 38011.8 Diatoms as Bioindicators in Temporary Rivers 38211.9 Final Remarks 38212 The Ecology of Diatoms in Peatlands: Communities from Tierra del Fuego Peat Bogs as a Study Case 393Valeria Casa, María V. Quiroga, Bart Van de Vijver and Gabriela Mataloni12.1 Introduction 39412.2 Singularity of Peatland Diatoms 39612.3 Diatoms in Tierra del Fuego Peat Bogs 40012.4 Closing Remarks and Future Perspectives 409References 410Index 421