Thomas W. Zeiler is Professor of History and Director of the Program in International Affairs at the University of Colorado Boulder. He is a specialist in American foreign relations and global history. His most recent book is Beyond the Nixon Shocks: Global Consequences Since 1971. Daniel DuBois is Associate Professor of History and International Studies at Saint Leo University, where he also directs the Honors Program. He is the author of American Sport in International History: The United States and the World since 1865. His research focuses on cultural and diplomatic history.

• Volume INotes on Contributors xIntroduction 1Part I Roots of War 91 How a Second World War Happened 11Gerhard L. Weinberg2 The Versailles Peace Settlement and the Collective Security System 26Frédéric Dessberg3 The Great Depression 45John E. Moser4 Colonialism in Asia 60Christopher D. O’Sullivan5 The Global Response to Fascism 72Michael Ortiz6 Visionaries of Expansion 87R. J. B. Bosworth7 Soviet Planning for War, 1928– June 1941 100Alexander HillPart II Fighting the War 1118 Japanese Early Attack 113Brian P. Farrell9 CBI: A Historiographical Review 132Maochun Yu10 The German Assault, 1939– 1941 144Robert M. Citino11 Militaries Compared: Wehrmacht and Red Army, 1941– 1945 158Mark Edele12 The Bombers: The Strategic Bombing of Germany and Japan 174Mike Bechthold and Randall Wakelam13 Scandinavian Campaigns 195Olli Vehviläinen14 The Naval War in the Mediterranean 208Barbara Brooks Tomblin15 Maritime War: Combat, Management, and Memory 227Kevin Smith16 The Middle East and the Second World War 242Simon Davis17 The Western Front, 1944– 1945 263Christopher R. Gabel18 Battle Fronts and Home Fronts: The War in the East from Stalingrad to Berlin 278Kenneth Slepyan19 The Southwest Pacific Theater in the Second World War 299Mark Roehrs20 Ending the Pacific War: The New History 316Richard B. FrankPart III Multinational and Transnational Zones of Combat: Strategy 33121 Axis Coalition Building 333Richard L. Dinardo22 Strategies, Commands, and Tactics, 1939– 1941 342Talbot C. Imlay23 Wartime Conferences 360Mark A. Stoler24 The US War Against Japan: A Transnational Perspective 373Akira Iriye25 The Second World War and Communication Technologies 387Sarah Nelson and James Schwoch26 Of Spies and Stratagems 396John Prados27 French African Soldiers in the Second World War 414Raffael Scheck28 Scientists and Nuclear Weapons in the Second World War: The Background, the Experience, and the Sometimes Contested Meanings and Analyses 428Barton J. Bernstein29 Civilians in the Combat Zone: Anglo- American Strategic Bombing 458Sean L. MalloyVolume IINotes on Contributors xIntroduction 475Part IV Multinational and Transnational Zones of Combat: Society 48330 European Societies in Wartime 485Isabelle Davion and Étienne Boisserie31 Ireland During the Second World War 508Karen Garner32 Life in Plato’s Cave: Neutral Europe in the Second World War 521Marta García Cabrera and Neville Wylie33 Resistance in Eastern Europe 536Stephan Lehnstaedt34 Boomerang Resistance: German Émigrés in the US Army during the Second World War 555Patricia Kollander35 Beyond Impact: Toward a New Historiography of Africa and the Second World War 569Judith A. Byfield36 Race, Genocide, and Holocaust 583Jochen Böhler37 Environmental Dimensions of the Second World War 600Jacob Darwin Hamblin38 The Women of the Second World War 621D’Ann Campbell39 Transnational Civil Rights During the Second World War 641Travis J. Hardy40 LGBTIQ+ Communities During the Second World War 655Noah Riseman41 Global Culture and the Second World War 669M. Todd Bennett42 Sport History of the Second World War Era 687Daniel DuBois43 Global Religious Responses to the Second World War 699Paul HarveyPart V Homelands 71344 The Balkans in the Origins of the Second World War 715Marietta Stankova45 Resistance Inside Nazi Germany 731Frank McDonough46 Occupied France: The Vichy Regime, Collaboration, and Resistance 742Julian Jackson47 The Italian Campaign 757Elena Agarossi48 Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: Historiographical Patterns and Possibilities in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand 775R. Scott Sheffield49 Resistance in the Philippines 790James A. Villanueva50 Africa and the Caribbean 808Leslie James51 Japanese American Second World War Incarceration 822Julia Shizuyo Popham52 “P” Was for Plenty 835William H. Miller53 Generating American Combat Power in the Second World War 851Edward G. MillerPart VI Aftermath and Consequences 86754 War Crimes in Europe 869Christoph J. M. Safferling55 The Tokyo War Crimes Trial 884Yuma Totani56 Bretton Woods 894Francine McKenzie57 The “Breakout” and Beyond: A Historiography of The Marshall Plan 908Keith Aksel58 Memory Under Siege: Holocaust Memorials and the Battle Against Historical Revisionism in Germany 921Karen Hannel59 The Second World War in Video Games 935Robert Whitaker60 Cartoons and Comics During the Second World War 946Jean- Paul Gabilliet61 The Cultural Legacy of the Second World War in Germany 957Susanne Vees- Gulani62 Morality and the Second World War 972Andrew O. Pace63 The Second World War in Historical Memory 987Marc GallicchioIndex 1007

Thomas W. Zeiler is Professor of History and Director of the Program in International Affairs at the University of Colorado Boulder. He is a specialist in American foreign relations and global history. His most recent book is Beyond the Nixon Shocks: Global Consequences Since 1971. Daniel DuBois is Associate Professor of History and International Studies at Saint Leo University, where he also directs the Honors Program. He is the author of American Sport in International History: The United States and the World since 1865. His research focuses on cultural and diplomatic history.

• Volume INotes on Contributors xIntroduction 1Part I Roots of War 91 How a Second World War Happened 11Gerhard L. Weinberg2 The Versailles Peace Settlement and the Collective Security System 26Frédéric Dessberg3 The Great Depression 45John E. Moser4 Colonialism in Asia 60Christopher D. O’Sullivan5 The Global Response to Fascism 72Michael Ortiz6 Visionaries of Expansion 87R. J. B. Bosworth7 Soviet Planning for War, 1928– June 1941 100Alexander HillPart II Fighting the War 1118 Japanese Early Attack 113Brian P. Farrell9 CBI: A Historiographical Review 132Maochun Yu10 The German Assault, 1939– 1941 144Robert M. Citino11 Militaries Compared: Wehrmacht and Red Army, 1941– 1945 158Mark Edele12 The Bombers: The Strategic Bombing of Germany and Japan 174Mike Bechthold and Randall Wakelam13 Scandinavian Campaigns 195Olli Vehviläinen14 The Naval War in the Mediterranean 208Barbara Brooks Tomblin15 Maritime War: Combat, Management, and Memory 227Kevin Smith16 The Middle East and the Second World War 242Simon Davis17 The Western Front, 1944– 1945 263Christopher R. Gabel18 Battle Fronts and Home Fronts: The War in the East from Stalingrad to Berlin 278Kenneth Slepyan19 The Southwest Pacific Theater in the Second World War 299Mark Roehrs20 Ending the Pacific War: The New History 316Richard B. FrankPart III Multinational and Transnational Zones of Combat: Strategy 33121 Axis Coalition Building 333Richard L. Dinardo22 Strategies, Commands, and Tactics, 1939– 1941 342Talbot C. Imlay23 Wartime Conferences 360Mark A. Stoler24 The US War Against Japan: A Transnational Perspective 373Akira Iriye25 The Second World War and Communication Technologies 387Sarah Nelson and James Schwoch26 Of Spies and Stratagems 396John Prados27 French African Soldiers in the Second World War 414Raffael Scheck28 Scientists and Nuclear Weapons in the Second World War: The Background, the Experience, and the Sometimes Contested Meanings and Analyses 428Barton J. Bernstein29 Civilians in the Combat Zone: Anglo- American Strategic Bombing 458Sean L. MalloyVolume IINotes on Contributors xIntroduction 475Part IV Multinational and Transnational Zones of Combat: Society 48330 European Societies in Wartime 485Isabelle Davion and Étienne Boisserie31 Ireland During the Second World War 508Karen Garner32 Life in Plato’s Cave: Neutral Europe in the Second World War 521Marta García Cabrera and Neville Wylie33 Resistance in Eastern Europe 536Stephan Lehnstaedt34 Boomerang Resistance: German Émigrés in the US Army during the Second World War 555Patricia Kollander35 Beyond Impact: Toward a New Historiography of Africa and the Second World War 569Judith A. Byfield36 Race, Genocide, and Holocaust 583Jochen Böhler37 Environmental Dimensions of the Second World War 600Jacob Darwin Hamblin38 The Women of the Second World War 621D’Ann Campbell39 Transnational Civil Rights During the Second World War 641Travis J. Hardy40 LGBTIQ+ Communities During the Second World War 655Noah Riseman41 Global Culture and the Second World War 669M. Todd Bennett42 Sport History of the Second World War Era 687Daniel DuBois43 Global Religious Responses to the Second World War 699Paul HarveyPart V Homelands 71344 The Balkans in the Origins of the Second World War 715Marietta Stankova45 Resistance Inside Nazi Germany 731Frank McDonough46 Occupied France: The Vichy Regime, Collaboration, and Resistance 742Julian Jackson47 The Italian Campaign 757Elena Agarossi48 Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: Historiographical Patterns and Possibilities in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand 775R. Scott Sheffield49 Resistance in the Philippines 790James A. Villanueva50 Africa and the Caribbean 808Leslie James51 Japanese American Second World War Incarceration 822Julia Shizuyo Popham52 “P” Was for Plenty 835William H. Miller53 Generating American Combat Power in the Second World War 851Edward G. MillerPart VI Aftermath and Consequences 86754 War Crimes in Europe 869Christoph J. M. Safferling55 The Tokyo War Crimes Trial 884Yuma Totani56 Bretton Woods 894Francine McKenzie57 The “Breakout” and Beyond: A Historiography of The Marshall Plan 908Keith Aksel58 Memory Under Siege: Holocaust Memorials and the Battle Against Historical Revisionism in Germany 921Karen Hannel59 The Second World War in Video Games 935Robert Whitaker60 Cartoons and Comics During the Second World War 946Jean- Paul Gabilliet61 The Cultural Legacy of the Second World War in Germany 957Susanne Vees- Gulani62 Morality and the Second World War 972Andrew O. Pace63 The Second World War in Historical Memory 987Marc GallicchioIndex 1007

Thomas W. Zeiler is Professor of History and Director of the Program in International Affairs at the University of Colorado Boulder. He is a specialist in American foreign relations and global history. His most recent book is Beyond the Nixon Shocks: Global Consequences Since 1971. Daniel DuBois is Associate Professor of History and International Studies at Saint Leo University, where he also directs the Honors Program. He is the author of American Sport in International History: The United States and the World since 1865. His research focuses on cultural and diplomatic history.

• Volume INotes on Contributors xIntroduction 1Part I Roots of War 91 How a Second World War Happened 11Gerhard L. Weinberg2 The Versailles Peace Settlement and the Collective Security System 26Frédéric Dessberg3 The Great Depression 45John E. Moser4 Colonialism in Asia 60Christopher D. O’Sullivan5 The Global Response to Fascism 72Michael Ortiz6 Visionaries of Expansion 87R. J. B. Bosworth7 Soviet Planning for War, 1928– June 1941 100Alexander HillPart II Fighting the War 1118 Japanese Early Attack 113Brian P. Farrell9 CBI: A Historiographical Review 132Maochun Yu10 The German Assault, 1939– 1941 144Robert M. Citino11 Militaries Compared: Wehrmacht and Red Army, 1941– 1945 158Mark Edele12 The Bombers: The Strategic Bombing of Germany and Japan 174Mike Bechthold and Randall Wakelam13 Scandinavian Campaigns 195Olli Vehviläinen14 The Naval War in the Mediterranean 208Barbara Brooks Tomblin15 Maritime War: Combat, Management, and Memory 227Kevin Smith16 The Middle East and the Second World War 242Simon Davis17 The Western Front, 1944– 1945 263Christopher R. Gabel18 Battle Fronts and Home Fronts: The War in the East from Stalingrad to Berlin 278Kenneth Slepyan19 The Southwest Pacific Theater in the Second World War 299Mark Roehrs20 Ending the Pacific War: The New History 316Richard B. FrankPart III Multinational and Transnational Zones of Combat: Strategy 33121 Axis Coalition Building 333Richard L. Dinardo22 Strategies, Commands, and Tactics, 1939– 1941 342Talbot C. Imlay23 Wartime Conferences 360Mark A. Stoler24 The US War Against Japan: A Transnational Perspective 373Akira Iriye25 The Second World War and Communication Technologies 387Sarah Nelson and James Schwoch26 Of Spies and Stratagems 396John Prados27 French African Soldiers in the Second World War 414Raffael Scheck28 Scientists and Nuclear Weapons in the Second World War: The Background, the Experience, and the Sometimes Contested Meanings and Analyses 428Barton J. Bernstein29 Civilians in the Combat Zone: Anglo- American Strategic Bombing 458Sean L. MalloyVolume IINotes on Contributors xIntroduction 475Part IV Multinational and Transnational Zones of Combat: Society 48330 European Societies in Wartime 485Isabelle Davion and Étienne Boisserie31 Ireland During the Second World War 508Karen Garner32 Life in Plato’s Cave: Neutral Europe in the Second World War 521Marta García Cabrera and Neville Wylie33 Resistance in Eastern Europe 536Stephan Lehnstaedt34 Boomerang Resistance: German Émigrés in the US Army during the Second World War 555Patricia Kollander35 Beyond Impact: Toward a New Historiography of Africa and the Second World War 569Judith A. Byfield36 Race, Genocide, and Holocaust 583Jochen Böhler37 Environmental Dimensions of the Second World War 600Jacob Darwin Hamblin38 The Women of the Second World War 621D’Ann Campbell39 Transnational Civil Rights During the Second World War 641Travis J. Hardy40 LGBTIQ+ Communities During the Second World War 655Noah Riseman41 Global Culture and the Second World War 669M. Todd Bennett42 Sport History of the Second World War Era 687Daniel DuBois43 Global Religious Responses to the Second World War 699Paul HarveyPart V Homelands 71344 The Balkans in the Origins of the Second World War 715Marietta Stankova45 Resistance Inside Nazi Germany 731Frank McDonough46 Occupied France: The Vichy Regime, Collaboration, and Resistance 742Julian Jackson47 The Italian Campaign 757Elena Agarossi48 Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War: Historiographical Patterns and Possibilities in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand 775R. Scott Sheffield49 Resistance in the Philippines 790James A. Villanueva50 Africa and the Caribbean 808Leslie James51 Japanese American Second World War Incarceration 822Julia Shizuyo Popham52 “P” Was for Plenty 835William H. Miller53 Generating American Combat Power in the Second World War 851Edward G. MillerPart VI Aftermath and Consequences 86754 War Crimes in Europe 869Christoph J. M. Safferling55 The Tokyo War Crimes Trial 884Yuma Totani56 Bretton Woods 894Francine McKenzie57 The “Breakout” and Beyond: A Historiography of The Marshall Plan 908Keith Aksel58 Memory Under Siege: Holocaust Memorials and the Battle Against Historical Revisionism in Germany 921Karen Hannel59 The Second World War in Video Games 935Robert Whitaker60 Cartoons and Comics During the Second World War 946Jean- Paul Gabilliet61 The Cultural Legacy of the Second World War in Germany 957Susanne Vees- Gulani62 Morality and the Second World War 972Andrew O. Pace63 The Second World War in Historical Memory 987Marc GallicchioIndex 1007