Dominic Roche, PhD is Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at the School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK. Clare L. Bennett, D.Nurs is Reader in Knowledge Translation and Health Improvement and Co-Director of the Wales Centre for Evidence-Based Care at the School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK.

• Preface viiAcknowledgements ixAbout the Authors xAbout the Notes On… Series xii1 An Introduction to Nursing Research 11.1 Introduction 11.2 What Is Research? 21.3 Why Is Research Important to Nursing? 21.4 Evidence-based Nursing 41.5 Research Methodologies: An Overview 71.6 Research Aims and Objectives 141.7 Prioritising Patient and Public Involvement 141.8 Summary 192 Identifying Areas of Inquiry 212.1 Introduction 212.2 The Hierarchy of Evidence 212.3 What Is a Literature Review? 232.4 Relevance of Literature Reviews in Nursing 252.5 Developing a Literature Review Question 262.6 Literature Searching 292.7 Screening against Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria 332.8 Critical Appraisal 342.9 Reporting the Findings 362.10 Limitations of the Literature Review 382.11 Summary 383 Qualitative Research 393.1 Introduction 393.2 What Is Qualitative Research? 393.3 Qualitative Research Design and Approaches 413.4 Sampling in Qualitative Research 453.5 Sample Populations 453.6 Recruitment in Qualitative Research 533.7 Data Generation in Qualitative Research 553.8 Data Analysis in Qualitative Research 583.9 Summary 604 Quantitative Research 634.1 Introduction 634.2 What Is Quantitative Research? 634.3 Quantitative Research Designs and Approaches 654.4 Key Concepts in Quantitative Research 734.5 Sampling in Quantitative Research 784.6 Data Collection Methods in Quantitative Research 824.7 Data Analysis and Interpretation in Quantitative Research 854.8 Summary 925 Mixed Methods Research 955.1 Introduction 955.2 Strengths and Limitations of Qualitative Research 965.3 Strengths and Limitations of Quantitative Research 965.4 Mixed Methods Research 985.5 Summary 1016 Ethics and Integrity in Research 1036.1 Introduction 1036.2 What Are Research Ethics? 1036.3 Ethical Principles in Research 1046.4 Applying Ethical Principles to the Conduct of a Research Study 1086.5 Research Governance 1116.6 Avoiding Potential Ethical Pitfalls 1126.7 Ethical Considerations Following Completion of the Research Study 1156.8 Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion in Research 1156.9 Summary 1177 Evidence Synthesis 1197.1 Introduction 1197.2 What Is Evidence Synthesis? 1207.3 Evidence Synthesis or a Literature Review? 1217.4 Types of Evidence Synthesis 1217.5 Conducting a Systematic Review 1297.6 Summary 135References 137Index 143

Dominic Roche, PhD is Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at the School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK. Clare L. Bennett, D.Nurs is Reader in Knowledge Translation and Health Improvement and Co-Director of the Wales Centre for Evidence-Based Care at the School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK.

• Preface viiAcknowledgements ixAbout the Authors xAbout the Notes On… Series xii1 An Introduction to Nursing Research 11.1 Introduction 11.2 What Is Research? 21.3 Why Is Research Important to Nursing? 21.4 Evidence-based Nursing 41.5 Research Methodologies: An Overview 71.6 Research Aims and Objectives 141.7 Prioritising Patient and Public Involvement 141.8 Summary 192 Identifying Areas of Inquiry 212.1 Introduction 212.2 The Hierarchy of Evidence 212.3 What Is a Literature Review? 232.4 Relevance of Literature Reviews in Nursing 252.5 Developing a Literature Review Question 262.6 Literature Searching 292.7 Screening against Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria 332.8 Critical Appraisal 342.9 Reporting the Findings 362.10 Limitations of the Literature Review 382.11 Summary 383 Qualitative Research 393.1 Introduction 393.2 What Is Qualitative Research? 393.3 Qualitative Research Design and Approaches 413.4 Sampling in Qualitative Research 453.5 Sample Populations 453.6 Recruitment in Qualitative Research 533.7 Data Generation in Qualitative Research 553.8 Data Analysis in Qualitative Research 583.9 Summary 604 Quantitative Research 634.1 Introduction 634.2 What Is Quantitative Research? 634.3 Quantitative Research Designs and Approaches 654.4 Key Concepts in Quantitative Research 734.5 Sampling in Quantitative Research 784.6 Data Collection Methods in Quantitative Research 824.7 Data Analysis and Interpretation in Quantitative Research 854.8 Summary 925 Mixed Methods Research 955.1 Introduction 955.2 Strengths and Limitations of Qualitative Research 965.3 Strengths and Limitations of Quantitative Research 965.4 Mixed Methods Research 985.5 Summary 1016 Ethics and Integrity in Research 1036.1 Introduction 1036.2 What Are Research Ethics? 1036.3 Ethical Principles in Research 1046.4 Applying Ethical Principles to the Conduct of a Research Study 1086.5 Research Governance 1116.6 Avoiding Potential Ethical Pitfalls 1126.7 Ethical Considerations Following Completion of the Research Study 1156.8 Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion in Research 1156.9 Summary 1177 Evidence Synthesis 1197.1 Introduction 1197.2 What Is Evidence Synthesis? 1207.3 Evidence Synthesis or a Literature Review? 1217.4 Types of Evidence Synthesis 1217.5 Conducting a Systematic Review 1297.6 Summary 135References 137Index 143