Differential Antennas

Yueping Zhang, PhD, is a Professor with the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Professor Zhang is a Fellow of the IEEE and a pioneer in integrated antenna technologies. He received the 2012 Sergei A. Schelkunoff Transactions Prize Paper Award and the 2020 John Kraus Antenna Award from the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society. He also received the 2022 Exceptional Technical Achievement Award from the IEEE Electronics Packaging Society. He is among a few in the world who have had three major awards from two IEEE societies.

• About the Author xiiiPreface xvAcknowledgments xix1 Introduction 11.1 Background 11.2 Balanced and Unbalanced Antennas 11.3 Even and Odd Modes 31.4 Differential and Single-Ended Circuits 41.5 An Important Ratio 51.6 Mixed-Mode S-Parameters 61.7 Balun 81.8 Concluding Remarks 112 Differential Wire Antennas 132.1 Introduction 132.2 Dipole and Monopole Antennas 132.3 Folded Dipole and Monopole Antennas 172.4 Loop and Half-Loop Antennas 202.5 Loop-Dipole and Half-Loop-Monopole Antennas 272.6 Yagi-Uda and Half-Yagi-Uda Antennas 332.7 Concluding Remarks 363 Differential Slot Antennas 393.1 Introduction 393.2 Slot and Half-Slot Antennas 403.3 Self-Complementary Antennas 443.4 Yin-Yang Antennas 453.5 Concluding Remarks 584 Differential Microstrip Patch Antennas 614.1 Introduction 614.2 Cavity Model 634.3 Rectangular Patch 724.4 Circular Patch 934.5 Stacked Patch 1164.6 Patch Arrays 1284.7 Applications 1494.8 Concluding Remarks 1515 Differential Microstrip Shorted Patch Antennas 1615.1 Introduction 1615.2 SPA and DSPA 1625.3 Modified SPA and DSPA 1785.4 PIFA and DPIFA 1865.5 ME and DME Dipoles 1975.6 Concluding Remarks 2116 Differential Microstrip Slot Antennas 2156.1 Introduction 2156.2 Resonant Modes 2156.3 Excitation of Resonant Modes 2176.4 Half-Wavelength Microstrip Slot Antenna 2226.5 Full-Wavelength Microstrip Slot Antenna 2256.6 Concluding Remarks 2287 Differential Microstrip Grid Array Antennas 2317.1 Introduction 2317.2 Basic Configuration 2327.3 Principle of Operation 2337.4 Fundamental Characteristics 2347.5 Differential Excitation 2367.6 Design Procedure, Formulas, and Examples 2387.7 An Impedance Matching Technique 2457.8 A Slow-Wave Structure 2467.9 Dual Current Modes 2527.10 Co-Aperture Dual Bands 2537.11 Applications 2577.12 Concluding Remarks 2638 Differential Printed Antennas 2678.1 Introduction 2678.2 Quasi-Yagi Antennas 2678.3 Fractal Antennas 2878.4 Spiral Antennas 2938.5 Applications 3008.6 Concluding Remarks 3039 Differential Antenna Measurements 3079.1 Introduction 3079.2 Impedance 3079.3 Efficiency 3189.4 Radiation Pattern 3239.5 Gain 3239.6 Concluding Remarks 326References 327Index 329