Jianping An received the Ph.D. degree from the Beijing Institute of Technology, China, in 1996. He is a Full Professor and currently the Dean of the School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. His research interests include digital signal processing, wireless communications, and satellite networks. He has received two national awards for technological inventions and science and technology progress. Shuai Wang received his Ph.D. degree in Communications Systems from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), P.R. China, in 2012. He is currently the Chair Professor of Cyberspace Security Technology at School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. Prof. Wang’s research interests include satellite communications, anti-interference communications and datalink technologies for various aero and space platforms. Pingyue Yue received his Ph.D. degree in Communications Systems from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), P.R. China, in 2024, where he is a Researcher with interests in satellite communication, physical-layer security, and interference suppression. Gaofeng Pan received the Ph.D. degree in Communication and Information Systems from Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China, in 2011. He is currently a Professor with the School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China. His research interests span special topics in communications theory, signal processing, and protocol design. He serves as the Editor for several journals including IEEE TCOM, IEEE TGCN, and more.

• Foreword xiiiPreface xvAbout the Authors xviiAcknowledgments xixAcronyms xxiIntroduction xxixPart I Fundamentals 11 Introduction 31.1 A Brief History of Satellite Communications 41.2 Development of Satellite Communications 81.3 Applications of Satellite Communications 201.4 A Brief Description of Security Issues in Satellite Communications 221.5 Organization of This Book 262 System Architecture of Satellite Communications 312.1 Space Part for Satellite Communication System 322.2 Ground Segment for Satellite Communication Systems 402.3 User Segment for Satellite Communication Systems 432.4 Coverage Area 44Part II Security Issues and Requirements 493 Satellite Security Issues 513.1 Introduction to Security Issues of Satellite Communications 513.2 Satellite Security Attacks 543.3 Security-related Reliability Problems 624 Security Requirements 694.1 Confidentiality Performance 694.2 Integrity Performance 724.3 Accountability Performance 754.4 Security-related Reliability Performance, Including Reliability, Latency, and Capacity/Throughput 78Part III Security Enhancement Solutions 855 Active Security Enhancement Schemes 875.1 Quantum Communication 875.2 Blockchain 905.3 THz/Laser-based Spaceborne Communications 925.4 AI-based Solutions 965.5 Space Situational Awareness 1006 Passive Security Enhancement Schemes 1056.1 Advanced Security-oriented Antennas 1056.2 Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface 1136.3 Spread Spectrum Techniques 1176.4 Non-SS Jamming Suppression Techniques 1226.5 AI-based Solutions 1287 Security-related Reliability Enhancement Solutions 1377.1 Secrecy Capacity/Throughput 1377.2 Outage/BER/Packet Error Rate (PER) 1427.3 AI-based Solutions to Collisions and Debris 1467.4 Forward Error Control 1497.5 Interference Coordination 154Part IV Design Criteria for Security SCSs 1678 Parameter Selections 1698.1 Orbits 1698.2 Frequencies and Waves 1759 Spaceborne Payload 1859.1 On-board Processing 1899.2 Transparent Forwarding 19910 Joint Security and Reliability Design 21110.1 Spaceborne Security 21110.2 Spaceborne Reliability 220Part V Future Directions 23111 Secure Space Transmission Techniques 23311.1 ISAC-aided Secure Space Communication Techniques 23411.2 CV-aided Secure Space Communication Techniques 23711.3 Multi-satellite Secure Transmission Techniques 24211.4 Security-oriented RF Techniques 24512 Secure-oriented Mega-constellation 24912.1 Mega-constellation Design 24912.2 Secure Cross-orbit Space Communication Methods 25513 Physical Layer Security for Satellite Communications 26313.1 Physical Layer Key Generation 26413.2 Physical Layer Authentication 26813.3 Physical Layer Encryption 272References 275Index 277

Jianping An received the Ph.D. degree from the Beijing Institute of Technology, China, in 1996. He is a Full Professor and currently the Dean of the School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. His research interests include digital signal processing, wireless communications, and satellite networks. He has received two national awards for technological inventions and science and technology progress. Shuai Wang received his Ph.D. degree in Communications Systems from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), P.R. China, in 2012. He is currently the Chair Professor of Cyberspace Security Technology at School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. Prof. Wang’s research interests include satellite communications, anti-interference communications and datalink technologies for various aero and space platforms. Pingyue Yue received his Ph.D. degree in Communications Systems from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), P.R. China, in 2024, where he is a Researcher with interests in satellite communication, physical-layer security, and interference suppression. Gaofeng Pan received the Ph.D. degree in Communication and Information Systems from Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China, in 2011. He is currently a Professor with the School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China. His research interests span special topics in communications theory, signal processing, and protocol design. He serves as the Editor for several journals including IEEE TCOM, IEEE TGCN, and more.

• Foreword xiiiPreface xvAbout the Authors xviiAcknowledgments xixAcronyms xxiIntroduction xxixPart I Fundamentals 11 Introduction 31.1 A Brief History of Satellite Communications 41.2 Development of Satellite Communications 81.3 Applications of Satellite Communications 201.4 A Brief Description of Security Issues in Satellite Communications 221.5 Organization of This Book 262 System Architecture of Satellite Communications 312.1 Space Part for Satellite Communication System 322.2 Ground Segment for Satellite Communication Systems 402.3 User Segment for Satellite Communication Systems 432.4 Coverage Area 44Part II Security Issues and Requirements 493 Satellite Security Issues 513.1 Introduction to Security Issues of Satellite Communications 513.2 Satellite Security Attacks 543.3 Security-related Reliability Problems 624 Security Requirements 694.1 Confidentiality Performance 694.2 Integrity Performance 724.3 Accountability Performance 754.4 Security-related Reliability Performance, Including Reliability, Latency, and Capacity/Throughput 78Part III Security Enhancement Solutions 855 Active Security Enhancement Schemes 875.1 Quantum Communication 875.2 Blockchain 905.3 THz/Laser-based Spaceborne Communications 925.4 AI-based Solutions 965.5 Space Situational Awareness 1006 Passive Security Enhancement Schemes 1056.1 Advanced Security-oriented Antennas 1056.2 Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface 1136.3 Spread Spectrum Techniques 1176.4 Non-SS Jamming Suppression Techniques 1226.5 AI-based Solutions 1287 Security-related Reliability Enhancement Solutions 1377.1 Secrecy Capacity/Throughput 1377.2 Outage/BER/Packet Error Rate (PER) 1427.3 AI-based Solutions to Collisions and Debris 1467.4 Forward Error Control 1497.5 Interference Coordination 154Part IV Design Criteria for Security SCSs 1678 Parameter Selections 1698.1 Orbits 1698.2 Frequencies and Waves 1759 Spaceborne Payload 1859.1 On-board Processing 1899.2 Transparent Forwarding 19910 Joint Security and Reliability Design 21110.1 Spaceborne Security 21110.2 Spaceborne Reliability 220Part V Future Directions 23111 Secure Space Transmission Techniques 23311.1 ISAC-aided Secure Space Communication Techniques 23411.2 CV-aided Secure Space Communication Techniques 23711.3 Multi-satellite Secure Transmission Techniques 24211.4 Security-oriented RF Techniques 24512 Secure-oriented Mega-constellation 24912.1 Mega-constellation Design 24912.2 Secure Cross-orbit Space Communication Methods 25513 Physical Layer Security for Satellite Communications 26313.1 Physical Layer Key Generation 26413.2 Physical Layer Authentication 26813.3 Physical Layer Encryption 272References 275Index 277

Jianping An received the Ph.D. degree from the Beijing Institute of Technology, China, in 1996. He is a Full Professor and currently the Dean of the School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. His research interests include digital signal processing, wireless communications, and satellite networks. He has received two national awards for technological inventions and science and technology progress. Shuai Wang received his Ph.D. degree in Communications Systems from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), P.R. China, in 2012. He is currently the Chair Professor of Cyberspace Security Technology at School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. Prof. Wang’s research interests include satellite communications, anti-interference communications and datalink technologies for various aero and space platforms. Pingyue Yue received his Ph.D. degree in Communications Systems from Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), P.R. China, in 2024, where he is a Researcher with interests in satellite communication, physical-layer security, and interference suppression. Gaofeng Pan received the Ph.D. degree in Communication and Information Systems from Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China, in 2011. He is currently a Professor with the School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China. His research interests span special topics in communications theory, signal processing, and protocol design. He serves as the Editor for several journals including IEEE TCOM, IEEE TGCN, and more.

• Foreword xiiiPreface xvAbout the Authors xviiAcknowledgments xixAcronyms xxiIntroduction xxixPart I Fundamentals 11 Introduction 31.1 A Brief History of Satellite Communications 41.2 Development of Satellite Communications 81.3 Applications of Satellite Communications 201.4 A Brief Description of Security Issues in Satellite Communications 221.5 Organization of This Book 262 System Architecture of Satellite Communications 312.1 Space Part for Satellite Communication System 322.2 Ground Segment for Satellite Communication Systems 402.3 User Segment for Satellite Communication Systems 432.4 Coverage Area 44Part II Security Issues and Requirements 493 Satellite Security Issues 513.1 Introduction to Security Issues of Satellite Communications 513.2 Satellite Security Attacks 543.3 Security-related Reliability Problems 624 Security Requirements 694.1 Confidentiality Performance 694.2 Integrity Performance 724.3 Accountability Performance 754.4 Security-related Reliability Performance, Including Reliability, Latency, and Capacity/Throughput 78Part III Security Enhancement Solutions 855 Active Security Enhancement Schemes 875.1 Quantum Communication 875.2 Blockchain 905.3 THz/Laser-based Spaceborne Communications 925.4 AI-based Solutions 965.5 Space Situational Awareness 1006 Passive Security Enhancement Schemes 1056.1 Advanced Security-oriented Antennas 1056.2 Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface 1136.3 Spread Spectrum Techniques 1176.4 Non-SS Jamming Suppression Techniques 1226.5 AI-based Solutions 1287 Security-related Reliability Enhancement Solutions 1377.1 Secrecy Capacity/Throughput 1377.2 Outage/BER/Packet Error Rate (PER) 1427.3 AI-based Solutions to Collisions and Debris 1467.4 Forward Error Control 1497.5 Interference Coordination 154Part IV Design Criteria for Security SCSs 1678 Parameter Selections 1698.1 Orbits 1698.2 Frequencies and Waves 1759 Spaceborne Payload 1859.1 On-board Processing 1899.2 Transparent Forwarding 19910 Joint Security and Reliability Design 21110.1 Spaceborne Security 21110.2 Spaceborne Reliability 220Part V Future Directions 23111 Secure Space Transmission Techniques 23311.1 ISAC-aided Secure Space Communication Techniques 23411.2 CV-aided Secure Space Communication Techniques 23711.3 Multi-satellite Secure Transmission Techniques 24211.4 Security-oriented RF Techniques 24512 Secure-oriented Mega-constellation 24912.1 Mega-constellation Design 24912.2 Secure Cross-orbit Space Communication Methods 25513 Physical Layer Security for Satellite Communications 26313.1 Physical Layer Key Generation 26413.2 Physical Layer Authentication 26813.3 Physical Layer Encryption 272References 275Index 277