Moral Psychology

Thomas Nadelhoffer is Assistant Professor of philosophy and law and policy studies at Dickinson College. He has written articles for journals such as Analysis, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Mind & Language, Neuroethics, and Philosophy and Phenomenological Research.   Eddy Nahmias is Associate Professor of philosophy and neuroscience at Georgia State University. He has published articles in journals such as Philosophical Studies, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Mind & Language, and Consciousness and Cognition.  He is the author of Rediscovering Free Will (forthcoming).Shaun Nichols is Professor of philosophy and cognitive science at the University of Arizona. His publications include Mindreading: An Integrated Account of Pretense, Self-awareness and Understanding Other Minds (with Stephen Stich, 2003), Sentimental Rules: On the Natural Foundations of Moral Judgment (2004), and Experimental Philosophy (ed. with Joshua Knobe, 2008).

"Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings is a much-needed collection of essays on issues of moral psychology ... This collection successfully illustrates the need for scientists and philosophers to work together on such projects in effort to reach the truth via a thorough inquiry. In that regard, I would recommend this text very strongly." (Metapsychology Online Reviews, 22 November 2011) "Finally, this book serves as a good compilation of key texts in its field, covering philosphers from almost all times and traditions." (Times Higher Education Supplement, 26 May 2011)

• Acknowledgements viiiIntroduction 1Thomas Nadelhoffer, Eddy Nahmias, and Shaun NicholsPart I: Reason & Passion 5Introduction 7Shaun Nichols 1 Selections from A Discourse of Natural Religion 11Samuel Clarke2 Selections from An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue 21Francis Hutcheson3 Selections from An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections, with Illustrations on the Moral Sense 24Francis Hutcheson4 Selections from Enquiries Concerning the Principles of Morals 32David Hume5 Introduction to Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals 37Immanuel Kant6 The Claim to Moral Adequacy of a Highest Stage of Moral Judgment 40Lawrence Kohlberg 7 A Cognitive Developmental Approach to Morality: Investigating the Psychopath 48Robert James Blair 8 Selections from The Moral Problem 64Michael Smith9 How Psychopaths Threaten Moral Rationalism: Is it Irrational to be Amoral? 73Shaun Nichols Part II: Altruism & Egoism 85Introduction 87Thomas Nadelhoffer and Shaun Nichols 10 Selections from Republic 93Plato11 Selections from Leviathan and The Elements of Law Natural and Politic 97Thomas Hobbes12 Selections from Human Nature and Other Sermons 103Joseph Butler13 Selections from An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue 111Francis Hutcheson14 How Social an Animal: the Human Capacity for Caring 117C. Daniel Batson 15 The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism 124 Robert L. Trivers 16 Summary of Unto Others: The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior 135Elliott Sober and David Sloan Wilson17 Why Altruism Is Impossible … and Ubiquitous 148Barry SchwartzPart III: Virtue & Character 161Introduction 163Eddy Nahmias 18 Selections from Protagoras 167Plato19 Selections from Nicomachean Ethics 172Aristotle20 Behavioral Study of Obedience 179Stanley Milgram 21 Selections from The Person and the Situation Lee Ross and Richard 187Nisbett22 Persons, Situations, and Virtue Ethics 197John M. Doris 23 Situationism and Virtue Ethics on the Content of Our Character 210Rachana Kamtekar 24 Virtue Ethics and Situationist Personality Psychology 224Maria Merritt Part IV: Agency & Responsibility 231Introduction 233Eddy Nahmias 25 Selections from Nicomachean Ethics 239Aristotle26 Selections from Essays on the Active Powers of Man 246Thomas Reid27 Selections from Beyond Good and Evil and Twilight of the Idols 251Friedrich Nietzsche28 Selections from Beyond Freedom and Dignity 256B.F. Skinner29 Apparent Mental Causation: Sources of the Experience of Will 264Daniel M. Wegner and Thalia Wheatley 30 Agency, Authorship, and Illusion 276Eddy Nahmias 31 Free Will in Scientific Psychology 288Roy F. Baumeister 32 Scientific Skepticism About Free Will 295Alfred R. Mele Part V: Moral Intuitions 307Introduction 309Thomas Nadelhoffer 33 Selections from The Methods of Ethics 315Henry Sidgwick34 Selections from The Right and the Good 321W.D. Ross35 The Trolley Problem 327Judith Jarvis Thomson36 Selections from Living High and Letting Die: Our Illusion of Innocence 335Peter Unger37 The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail: A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment 343Jonathan Haidt 38 The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul 359Joshua Greene 39 Moral Intuitionism Meets Empirical Psychology 373Walter Sinnott-Armstrong Sources 388