Frederick E. Greenspahn is Gimelstob Eminent Scholar of Judaic Studies at Florida Atlantic University, USA.Peter Machinist is Hancock Research Professor of Hebrew and Other Oriental Languages at Harvard University, USA.

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• Introduction Part I. Methodology1. Julius Wellhausen, "Introduction" and "The Theocracy as Idea and asInstitution" (chapter 11) of his Prolegomena to the History of Ancient Israel (New York: Meridian Books, 1957) pp. 1-13 and 411-25.2. Iain W. Provan, V. Philips Long, and Tremper Longman III, "Knowing aboutthe History of Israel," from their A Biblical History of Israel(Westminster John Knox, 2003), chapter 3, pp. 51-74 and 311-19.3. Niels P. Lemche, "On the Problem of Reconstructing Pre-HellenisticIsraelite (Palestinian) History," in Lester Grabbe, ed., "Like a Bird in a Cage" (JSOT Supplement 363; London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2003) pp. 150-67 = Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 3/1 (2000).Part II. Patriarchal Period4. Frank Moore Cross, Jr., "The God of the Fathers" in his Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973), pp. 3-12.5. Benjamin Mazar, "The Historical Background of the Book of Genesis," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 28 (1969) 73-83.Part III. Exodus6. Roland deVaux, "The Oppression," "The Exodus from Egypt: The BiblicalTraditions," "The Historical Interpretation," and "The Date of the Exodus" in his Early History of Israel (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978) pp. 324-27, 370-76, and 388-92.7. Donald B. Redford, "An Egyptological Perspective on the Exodus Narrative"in Egypt, Israel, Sinai, Archaeological and Historical Relationships inthe Biblical Period, ed. Anson F. Rainey (Tel Aviv University, 1987)pp. 137-61.Part IV. Conquest and Settlement8. William F. Albright, "The Israelite Conquest of Canaan in the Light ofArchaeology," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 74 (April, 1939) 11-23.9. George E. Mendenhall, "The Hebrew Conquest of Palestine," Biblical Archaeologist 25 (1962) 65-87.10. Martin Noth, "The Occupation of the Land by the Tribes of Israel" and "TheTwelve-tribe System" in his The History of Israel, 2nd ed. (New York: Harper & Row, 1958) pp. 68-97.11. Lawrence E. Stager, "The Archaeology of the Family in Ancient Israel,"Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 260 (1985) 1-35.Part V. United Monarchy12. Hayim Tadmor, "Traditional Institutions and the Monarchy: Social andPolitical Tensions in the Time of David and Solomon," in Studies in the Period of David and Solomon, ed. Tomoo Ishida (Tokyo/Eisenbrauns, 1982) pp. 239-57.13. Amihai Mazar, "The Spade and the Text: The Interaction between Archaeologyand Israelite History Relating to the Tenth-Ninth Centuries BCE" inUnderstanding the History of Ancient Israel, ed. H.G.M. Williamson (Proceedings of the British Academy 143; Oxford, 2007) pp. 143-171.14. Gary N. Knoppers, "The Vanishing Solomon: The Disappearance of the UnitedMonarchy from Recent Histories of Ancient Israel," Journal of Biblical Literature 116 (1997) 19-44.Part VI. Divided Monarchy15. John S. Holladay, Jr., "The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah: Political andEconomic Centralization in the Iron IIA-B (ca. 1000-750 BCE)" in The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land, ed. Thomas E. Levy (London: Leicester University Press, 1998) pp. 368-98 and 586-90.16. Mordechai Cogan, "Judah Under Assyrian Hegemony: A Re-examination ofImperialism and Religion," Journal of Biblical Literature 112 (1993)403-14.17. Nadav Na’aman, "The Discovered Book and the Legitimation of Josiah¹sReform," Journal of Biblical Literature 130 (2011) 47-62.Part VII. Exile18. William G. Dever, "Archaeology and the Fall of Judah" in Eretz-Israel 29 (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 2009) pp. 29*-35*.19. Bustenay Oded, "Observations on the Israelite/Judean Exiles in Mesopotamiaduring the Eighth-Sixth Centuries BCE" in Immigration and Emigration Within the Ancient Near East: Festschrift E. Lipinski, ed. K. van Lerberghe and A. Schoors (OLA; Leuven: Peeters, 1995) pp. 205-12.20. Hans M. Barstad, "On the History and Archaeology of Judah during theExilic Period, A Reminder," Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica 19 (1988) 25-36. Part VIII. Restoration21. Elias J. Bickerman, "The Edict of Cyrus in Ezra 1," Journal of BiblicalLiterature 65 (1946) 249-75.22. Sara Japhet, "People and Land in the Restoration Period" in her From the Rivers of Babylon to the Highlands of Judah, Collected Studies on the Restoration Period (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006) pp. 96-116.Part IX. Religion23. Morton Smith, "The Common Theology of the Ancient Near East," Journal of Biblical Literature 71 (1952) 135-48.24. Yehezkel Kaufmann, "The Bible and Mythological Polytheism," Journal of Biblical Literature 70 (1951) 179-97.25. Tikva Frymer-Kensky, "Asherah and Abundance," chapter 13 of her In the Wake of the Goddesses, Women, Culture and the Biblical Transformation of Pagan Myth (New York: Free Press, 1992) pp. 153-61 and 264-66.26. Rainer Albertz, "Family Religion in Ancient Israel and Its Surroundings"in Household and Family Religion in Antiquity, ed. John Bodel and Saul Olyan (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008) pp. 89-112.27. Robert Wilson, "Early Israelite Prophecy," Interpretation 32 (1978) 3-16. Index

Frederick E. Greenspahn is Gimelstob Eminent Scholar of Judaic Studies at Florida Atlantic University, USA.Peter Machinist is Hancock Research Professor of Hebrew and Other Oriental Languages at Harvard University, USA.

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• Introduction Part I. Methodology1. Julius Wellhausen, "Introduction" and "The Theocracy as Idea and asInstitution" (chapter 11) of his Prolegomena to the History of Ancient Israel (New York: Meridian Books, 1957) pp. 1-13 and 411-25.2. Iain W. Provan, V. Philips Long, and Tremper Longman III, "Knowing aboutthe History of Israel," from their A Biblical History of Israel(Westminster John Knox, 2003), chapter 3, pp. 51-74 and 311-19.3. Niels P. Lemche, "On the Problem of Reconstructing Pre-HellenisticIsraelite (Palestinian) History," in Lester Grabbe, ed., "Like a Bird in a Cage" (JSOT Supplement 363; London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2003) pp. 150-67 = Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 3/1 (2000).Part II. Patriarchal Period4. Frank Moore Cross, Jr., "The God of the Fathers" in his Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973), pp. 3-12.5. Benjamin Mazar, "The Historical Background of the Book of Genesis," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 28 (1969) 73-83.Part III. Exodus6. Roland deVaux, "The Oppression," "The Exodus from Egypt: The BiblicalTraditions," "The Historical Interpretation," and "The Date of the Exodus" in his Early History of Israel (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978) pp. 324-27, 370-76, and 388-92.7. Donald B. Redford, "An Egyptological Perspective on the Exodus Narrative"in Egypt, Israel, Sinai, Archaeological and Historical Relationships inthe Biblical Period, ed. Anson F. Rainey (Tel Aviv University, 1987)pp. 137-61.Part IV. Conquest and Settlement8. William F. Albright, "The Israelite Conquest of Canaan in the Light ofArchaeology," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 74 (April, 1939) 11-23.9. George E. Mendenhall, "The Hebrew Conquest of Palestine," Biblical Archaeologist 25 (1962) 65-87.10. Martin Noth, "The Occupation of the Land by the Tribes of Israel" and "TheTwelve-tribe System" in his The History of Israel, 2nd ed. (New York: Harper & Row, 1958) pp. 68-97.11. Lawrence E. Stager, "The Archaeology of the Family in Ancient Israel,"Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 260 (1985) 1-35.Part V. United Monarchy12. Hayim Tadmor, "Traditional Institutions and the Monarchy: Social andPolitical Tensions in the Time of David and Solomon," in Studies in the Period of David and Solomon, ed. Tomoo Ishida (Tokyo/Eisenbrauns, 1982) pp. 239-57.13. Amihai Mazar, "The Spade and the Text: The Interaction between Archaeologyand Israelite History Relating to the Tenth-Ninth Centuries BCE" inUnderstanding the History of Ancient Israel, ed. H.G.M. Williamson (Proceedings of the British Academy 143; Oxford, 2007) pp. 143-171.14. Gary N. Knoppers, "The Vanishing Solomon: The Disappearance of the UnitedMonarchy from Recent Histories of Ancient Israel," Journal of Biblical Literature 116 (1997) 19-44.Part VI. Divided Monarchy15. John S. Holladay, Jr., "The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah: Political andEconomic Centralization in the Iron IIA-B (ca. 1000-750 BCE)" in The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land, ed. Thomas E. Levy (London: Leicester University Press, 1998) pp. 368-98 and 586-90.16. Mordechai Cogan, "Judah Under Assyrian Hegemony: A Re-examination ofImperialism and Religion," Journal of Biblical Literature 112 (1993)403-14.17. Nadav Na’aman, "The Discovered Book and the Legitimation of Josiah¹sReform," Journal of Biblical Literature 130 (2011) 47-62.Part VII. Exile18. William G. Dever, "Archaeology and the Fall of Judah" in Eretz-Israel 29 (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 2009) pp. 29*-35*.19. Bustenay Oded, "Observations on the Israelite/Judean Exiles in Mesopotamiaduring the Eighth-Sixth Centuries BCE" in Immigration and Emigration Within the Ancient Near East: Festschrift E. Lipinski, ed. K. van Lerberghe and A. Schoors (OLA; Leuven: Peeters, 1995) pp. 205-12.20. Hans M. Barstad, "On the History and Archaeology of Judah during theExilic Period, A Reminder," Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica 19 (1988) 25-36. Part VIII. Restoration21. Elias J. Bickerman, "The Edict of Cyrus in Ezra 1," Journal of BiblicalLiterature 65 (1946) 249-75.22. Sara Japhet, "People and Land in the Restoration Period" in her From the Rivers of Babylon to the Highlands of Judah, Collected Studies on the Restoration Period (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006) pp. 96-116.Part IX. Religion23. Morton Smith, "The Common Theology of the Ancient Near East," Journal of Biblical Literature 71 (1952) 135-48.24. Yehezkel Kaufmann, "The Bible and Mythological Polytheism," Journal of Biblical Literature 70 (1951) 179-97.25. Tikva Frymer-Kensky, "Asherah and Abundance," chapter 13 of her In the Wake of the Goddesses, Women, Culture and the Biblical Transformation of Pagan Myth (New York: Free Press, 1992) pp. 153-61 and 264-66.26. Rainer Albertz, "Family Religion in Ancient Israel and Its Surroundings"in Household and Family Religion in Antiquity, ed. John Bodel and Saul Olyan (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008) pp. 89-112.27. Robert Wilson, "Early Israelite Prophecy," Interpretation 32 (1978) 3-16. Index

Frederick E. Greenspahn is Gimelstob Eminent Scholar of Judaic Studies at Florida Atlantic University, USA.Peter Machinist is Hancock Research Professor of Hebrew and Other Oriental Languages at Harvard University, USA.

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• Introduction Part I. Methodology1. Julius Wellhausen, "Introduction" and "The Theocracy as Idea and asInstitution" (chapter 11) of his Prolegomena to the History of Ancient Israel (New York: Meridian Books, 1957) pp. 1-13 and 411-25.2. Iain W. Provan, V. Philips Long, and Tremper Longman III, "Knowing aboutthe History of Israel," from their A Biblical History of Israel(Westminster John Knox, 2003), chapter 3, pp. 51-74 and 311-19.3. Niels P. Lemche, "On the Problem of Reconstructing Pre-HellenisticIsraelite (Palestinian) History," in Lester Grabbe, ed., "Like a Bird in a Cage" (JSOT Supplement 363; London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2003) pp. 150-67 = Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 3/1 (2000).Part II. Patriarchal Period4. Frank Moore Cross, Jr., "The God of the Fathers" in his Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973), pp. 3-12.5. Benjamin Mazar, "The Historical Background of the Book of Genesis," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 28 (1969) 73-83.Part III. Exodus6. Roland deVaux, "The Oppression," "The Exodus from Egypt: The BiblicalTraditions," "The Historical Interpretation," and "The Date of the Exodus" in his Early History of Israel (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978) pp. 324-27, 370-76, and 388-92.7. Donald B. Redford, "An Egyptological Perspective on the Exodus Narrative"in Egypt, Israel, Sinai, Archaeological and Historical Relationships inthe Biblical Period, ed. Anson F. Rainey (Tel Aviv University, 1987)pp. 137-61.Part IV. Conquest and Settlement8. William F. Albright, "The Israelite Conquest of Canaan in the Light ofArchaeology," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 74 (April, 1939) 11-23.9. George E. Mendenhall, "The Hebrew Conquest of Palestine," Biblical Archaeologist 25 (1962) 65-87.10. Martin Noth, "The Occupation of the Land by the Tribes of Israel" and "TheTwelve-tribe System" in his The History of Israel, 2nd ed. (New York: Harper & Row, 1958) pp. 68-97.11. Lawrence E. Stager, "The Archaeology of the Family in Ancient Israel,"Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 260 (1985) 1-35.Part V. United Monarchy12. Hayim Tadmor, "Traditional Institutions and the Monarchy: Social andPolitical Tensions in the Time of David and Solomon," in Studies in the Period of David and Solomon, ed. Tomoo Ishida (Tokyo/Eisenbrauns, 1982) pp. 239-57.13. Amihai Mazar, "The Spade and the Text: The Interaction between Archaeologyand Israelite History Relating to the Tenth-Ninth Centuries BCE" inUnderstanding the History of Ancient Israel, ed. H.G.M. Williamson (Proceedings of the British Academy 143; Oxford, 2007) pp. 143-171.14. Gary N. Knoppers, "The Vanishing Solomon: The Disappearance of the UnitedMonarchy from Recent Histories of Ancient Israel," Journal of Biblical Literature 116 (1997) 19-44.Part VI. Divided Monarchy15. John S. Holladay, Jr., "The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah: Political andEconomic Centralization in the Iron IIA-B (ca. 1000-750 BCE)" in The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land, ed. Thomas E. Levy (London: Leicester University Press, 1998) pp. 368-98 and 586-90.16. Mordechai Cogan, "Judah Under Assyrian Hegemony: A Re-examination ofImperialism and Religion," Journal of Biblical Literature 112 (1993)403-14.17. Nadav Na’aman, "The Discovered Book and the Legitimation of Josiah¹sReform," Journal of Biblical Literature 130 (2011) 47-62.Part VII. Exile18. William G. Dever, "Archaeology and the Fall of Judah" in Eretz-Israel 29 (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 2009) pp. 29*-35*.19. Bustenay Oded, "Observations on the Israelite/Judean Exiles in Mesopotamiaduring the Eighth-Sixth Centuries BCE" in Immigration and Emigration Within the Ancient Near East: Festschrift E. Lipinski, ed. K. van Lerberghe and A. Schoors (OLA; Leuven: Peeters, 1995) pp. 205-12.20. Hans M. Barstad, "On the History and Archaeology of Judah during theExilic Period, A Reminder," Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica 19 (1988) 25-36. Part VIII. Restoration21. Elias J. Bickerman, "The Edict of Cyrus in Ezra 1," Journal of BiblicalLiterature 65 (1946) 249-75.22. Sara Japhet, "People and Land in the Restoration Period" in her From the Rivers of Babylon to the Highlands of Judah, Collected Studies on the Restoration Period (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006) pp. 96-116.Part IX. Religion23. Morton Smith, "The Common Theology of the Ancient Near East," Journal of Biblical Literature 71 (1952) 135-48.24. Yehezkel Kaufmann, "The Bible and Mythological Polytheism," Journal of Biblical Literature 70 (1951) 179-97.25. Tikva Frymer-Kensky, "Asherah and Abundance," chapter 13 of her In the Wake of the Goddesses, Women, Culture and the Biblical Transformation of Pagan Myth (New York: Free Press, 1992) pp. 153-61 and 264-66.26. Rainer Albertz, "Family Religion in Ancient Israel and Its Surroundings"in Household and Family Religion in Antiquity, ed. John Bodel and Saul Olyan (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008) pp. 89-112.27. Robert Wilson, "Early Israelite Prophecy," Interpretation 32 (1978) 3-16. Index