Entropy-based design (EBD) is an emerging new methodology that incorporates the Second Law into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and measurement techniques. The book provides an overview of the design tool and its applications in various areas like microfluidics, multiphase flows, turbulence, compressible flows and others. It develops computational and experimental methods to track regions of highest entropy production. Containing extensive end-of-chapter references, the text also provides comprehensive coverage (related to entropy and the Second Law) of laser-based methods, numerical methods in CFD, entropy formulations and the Second Law in a range of thermofluid applications.