Jill E. Rowe is Assistant Professor at Western Michigan University. She earned her Ph.D. in cultural anthropology at Michigan State University and her M.P.H. in health education and behavior at Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Some of her recent publications are included in The Encyclopedia of African American History, Health Education and Behavior, Journal of Black Studies, and Social Service Review.

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• List of Illustrations – Acknowledgments – Introduction – The Virginia Confederacy of Indians – Immigration of European Indentured Servants – Immigration of African Indentured Servants – Alliances between Indigenous People and African Indentured Servants – Alliances between European Indentured Servants and African Indentured Servants – From African Indentured Servants to Enslaved People – Race as a Social Construct—Structural Constraints on Race Mixing – African American Legal Status and the American Revolution – Registers of Free Blacks – Western Expansion – The Relationship between Western Expansion and Free Blacks – Migrations to Ohio – The Goings Clan—the Genealogy – The Migration of the Goings Clan to Northwestern Ohio – The Village of Rumley – The Village of Carthagena – The Village of Wren – The Village of Middle Creek – Education in the Black Settlements – The Importance of the Church in the Black Settlements – Life in the Black Settlements after the Civil War – Benevolence Societies in the Black Settlements – Social Life in the Black Settlements – Living Conditions in the Black Settlements – Health and Wellness in the Black Settlements – Health-Seeking Traditions in the Black Settlements – Conclusions: Invisible in Plain Sight: Self-Determination Strategies.

Jill E. Rowe is Assistant Professor at Western Michigan University. She earned her Ph.D. in cultural anthropology at Michigan State University and her M.P.H. in health education and behavior at Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Some of her recent publications are included in The Encyclopedia of African American History, Health Education and Behavior, Journal of Black Studies, and Social Service Review.

Select Guide Rating

• List of Illustrations – Acknowledgments – Introduction – The Virginia Confederacy of Indians – Immigration of European Indentured Servants – Immigration of African Indentured Servants – Alliances between Indigenous People and African Indentured Servants – Alliances between European Indentured Servants and African Indentured Servants – From African Indentured Servants to Enslaved People – Race as a Social Construct—Structural Constraints on Race Mixing – African American Legal Status and the American Revolution – Registers of Free Blacks – Western Expansion – The Relationship between Western Expansion and Free Blacks – Migrations to Ohio – The Goings Clan—the Genealogy – The Migration of the Goings Clan to Northwestern Ohio – The Village of Rumley – The Village of Carthagena – The Village of Wren – The Village of Middle Creek – Education in the Black Settlements – The Importance of the Church in the Black Settlements – Life in the Black Settlements after the Civil War – Benevolence Societies in the Black Settlements – Social Life in the Black Settlements – Living Conditions in the Black Settlements – Health and Wellness in the Black Settlements – Health-Seeking Traditions in the Black Settlements – Conclusions: Invisible in Plain Sight: Self-Determination Strategies.

Jill E. Rowe is Assistant Professor at Western Michigan University. She earned her Ph.D. in cultural anthropology at Michigan State University and her M.P.H. in health education and behavior at Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Some of her recent publications are included in The Encyclopedia of African American History, Health Education and Behavior, Journal of Black Studies, and Social Service Review.

Select Guide Rating

• List of Illustrations – Acknowledgments – Introduction – The Virginia Confederacy of Indians – Immigration of European Indentured Servants – Immigration of African Indentured Servants – Alliances between Indigenous People and African Indentured Servants – Alliances between European Indentured Servants and African Indentured Servants – From African Indentured Servants to Enslaved People – Race as a Social Construct—Structural Constraints on Race Mixing – African American Legal Status and the American Revolution – Registers of Free Blacks – Western Expansion – The Relationship between Western Expansion and Free Blacks – Migrations to Ohio – The Goings Clan—the Genealogy – The Migration of the Goings Clan to Northwestern Ohio – The Village of Rumley – The Village of Carthagena – The Village of Wren – The Village of Middle Creek – Education in the Black Settlements – The Importance of the Church in the Black Settlements – Life in the Black Settlements after the Civil War – Benevolence Societies in the Black Settlements – Social Life in the Black Settlements – Living Conditions in the Black Settlements – Health and Wellness in the Black Settlements – Health-Seeking Traditions in the Black Settlements – Conclusions: Invisible in Plain Sight: Self-Determination Strategies.