Christopher Deeming is Senior Lecturer in Social Policy at the University of Strathclyde, with research interests in the field of Comparative and Global Social Policy. His latest works with Policy Press are Minimum Income Standards and Reference Budgets: International and Comparative Policy Perspectives (2020) and Reframing Global Social Policy: Social Investment for Sustainable and Inclusive Growth (2019).

• Foreword ~ John Veit-WilsonPart I: IntroductionAn introduction to minimum income standards and reference budgets: International and comparative policy perspectives ~ Christopher DeemingPart II: Case StudiesFrom normative budget standards to consensual minimum income standards in the UK ~ Jonathan BradshawMinimum Essential Standards of Living research in Ireland ~ Bernadette Mac Mahon and Robert ThorntonThe French experience of reference budgets ~ Pierre ConcialdiMinimum income research in Japan: its development and political implications ~ Aya K. AbeMeasuring needs and setting standards in Singapore ~ Kok-Hoe Ng, Yu-Wei Neo, Youyenn Teo, Ad Maulod and Yi-Ting TingA South African pilot of the Minimum Income Standards approach ~ Gemma Wright, Matt Padley and Wanga Zembe-MkabileReference budgets as tools for everyday life, evaluation and policymaking in Finland ~ Anna-Riitta Lehtinen and Kristiina AaltoBelgian reference budgets for social participation and there use for policy purposes ~ Bérénice StormsThe development, value and application of budget standards: reflecting on the Australian experience ~ Peter SaundersEstimating the cost of raising a child in Catalonia through the reference budgets approach ~ Irene Cussó-Parcerisas, Elena Carrillo Álvarez and Jordi Riera RomaníMeasuring poverty in the Netherlands: the generalised reference budget approach ~ J. Cok Vrooman, Benedikt Goderis, Stella Hoff and Bart van HulstThe Norwegian reference budget ~ Marthe Hårvik Austgulen and Elling BorgeraasMinimum budgets for Danish families ~ Jens Bonke and Anders Eiler Wiese ChristensenThe Swedish Consumer Agency’s calculations of reference values for some of the most common household expense categories ~ Malin Lindquist Skogar and Ingrid ErikssonPart III: Cross-national and comparative perspectives;The Slovenian experience with three methods for defining the minimum income ~ Nada StropnikApplying the Minimum Income Standard in diverse national contexts ~ Matt Padley and Abigail DavisThe steep and winding road to comparable reference budgets in Europe ~ Tim GoedeméAdequate income in Portugal: a comparison of two estimation methods ~ José A. Pereirinha, Elvira Pereira, Francisco Branco, Dália Costa and Inês AmaroPart IV: Policy and practiceBasic needs budgets in policy and practice ~ Gordon M. FisherEstablishing a national standard: the role of the UK's Minimum Income Standard in policy and practice ~ Donald HirschMinimum Income Standards in the Basic Income debate ~ Malcolm TorryPart V: ConclusionsMinimum income standards and reference budgets: past, present, future? ~ Christopher Deeming.

Christopher Deeming is Senior Lecturer in Social Policy at the University of Strathclyde, with research interests in the field of Comparative and Global Social Policy. His latest works with Policy Press are Minimum Income Standards and Reference Budgets: International and Comparative Policy Perspectives (2020) and Reframing Global Social Policy: Social Investment for Sustainable and Inclusive Growth (2019).

• Foreword ~ John Veit-WilsonPart I: IntroductionAn introduction to minimum income standards and reference budgets: International and comparative policy perspectives ~ Christopher DeemingPart II: Case StudiesFrom normative budget standards to consensual minimum income standards in the UK ~ Jonathan BradshawMinimum Essential Standards of Living research in Ireland ~ Bernadette Mac Mahon and Robert ThorntonThe French experience of reference budgets ~ Pierre ConcialdiMinimum income research in Japan: its development and political implications ~ Aya K. AbeMeasuring needs and setting standards in Singapore ~ Kok-Hoe Ng, Yu-Wei Neo, Youyenn Teo, Ad Maulod and Yi-Ting TingA South African pilot of the Minimum Income Standards approach ~ Gemma Wright, Matt Padley and Wanga Zembe-MkabileReference budgets as tools for everyday life, evaluation and policymaking in Finland ~ Anna-Riitta Lehtinen and Kristiina AaltoBelgian reference budgets for social participation and there use for policy purposes ~ Bérénice StormsThe development, value and application of budget standards: reflecting on the Australian experience ~ Peter SaundersEstimating the cost of raising a child in Catalonia through the reference budgets approach ~ Irene Cussó-Parcerisas, Elena Carrillo Álvarez and Jordi Riera RomaníMeasuring poverty in the Netherlands: the generalised reference budget approach ~ J. Cok Vrooman, Benedikt Goderis, Stella Hoff and Bart van HulstThe Norwegian reference budget ~ Marthe Hårvik Austgulen and Elling BorgeraasMinimum budgets for Danish families ~ Jens Bonke and Anders Eiler Wiese ChristensenThe Swedish Consumer Agency’s calculations of reference values for some of the most common household expense categories ~ Malin Lindquist Skogar and Ingrid ErikssonPart III: Cross-national and comparative perspectives;The Slovenian experience with three methods for defining the minimum income ~ Nada StropnikApplying the Minimum Income Standard in diverse national contexts ~ Matt Padley and Abigail DavisThe steep and winding road to comparable reference budgets in Europe ~ Tim GoedeméAdequate income in Portugal: a comparison of two estimation methods ~ José A. Pereirinha, Elvira Pereira, Francisco Branco, Dália Costa and Inês AmaroPart IV: Policy and practiceBasic needs budgets in policy and practice ~ Gordon M. FisherEstablishing a national standard: the role of the UK's Minimum Income Standard in policy and practice ~ Donald HirschMinimum Income Standards in the Basic Income debate ~ Malcolm TorryPart V: ConclusionsMinimum income standards and reference budgets: past, present, future? ~ Christopher Deeming.

Christopher Deeming is Senior Lecturer in Social Policy at the University of Strathclyde, with research interests in the field of Comparative and Global Social Policy. His latest works with Policy Press are Minimum Income Standards and Reference Budgets: International and Comparative Policy Perspectives (2020) and Reframing Global Social Policy: Social Investment for Sustainable and Inclusive Growth (2019).

• Foreword ~ John Veit-WilsonPart I: IntroductionAn introduction to minimum income standards and reference budgets: International and comparative policy perspectives ~ Christopher DeemingPart II: Case StudiesFrom normative budget standards to consensual minimum income standards in the UK ~ Jonathan BradshawMinimum Essential Standards of Living research in Ireland ~ Bernadette Mac Mahon and Robert ThorntonThe French experience of reference budgets ~ Pierre ConcialdiMinimum income research in Japan: its development and political implications ~ Aya K. AbeMeasuring needs and setting standards in Singapore ~ Kok-Hoe Ng, Yu-Wei Neo, Youyenn Teo, Ad Maulod and Yi-Ting TingA South African pilot of the Minimum Income Standards approach ~ Gemma Wright, Matt Padley and Wanga Zembe-MkabileReference budgets as tools for everyday life, evaluation and policymaking in Finland ~ Anna-Riitta Lehtinen and Kristiina AaltoBelgian reference budgets for social participation and there use for policy purposes ~ Bérénice StormsThe development, value and application of budget standards: reflecting on the Australian experience ~ Peter SaundersEstimating the cost of raising a child in Catalonia through the reference budgets approach ~ Irene Cussó-Parcerisas, Elena Carrillo Álvarez and Jordi Riera RomaníMeasuring poverty in the Netherlands: the generalised reference budget approach ~ J. Cok Vrooman, Benedikt Goderis, Stella Hoff and Bart van HulstThe Norwegian reference budget ~ Marthe Hårvik Austgulen and Elling BorgeraasMinimum budgets for Danish families ~ Jens Bonke and Anders Eiler Wiese ChristensenThe Swedish Consumer Agency’s calculations of reference values for some of the most common household expense categories ~ Malin Lindquist Skogar and Ingrid ErikssonPart III: Cross-national and comparative perspectives;The Slovenian experience with three methods for defining the minimum income ~ Nada StropnikApplying the Minimum Income Standard in diverse national contexts ~ Matt Padley and Abigail DavisThe steep and winding road to comparable reference budgets in Europe ~ Tim GoedeméAdequate income in Portugal: a comparison of two estimation methods ~ José A. Pereirinha, Elvira Pereira, Francisco Branco, Dália Costa and Inês AmaroPart IV: Policy and practiceBasic needs budgets in policy and practice ~ Gordon M. FisherEstablishing a national standard: the role of the UK's Minimum Income Standard in policy and practice ~ Donald HirschMinimum Income Standards in the Basic Income debate ~ Malcolm TorryPart V: ConclusionsMinimum income standards and reference budgets: past, present, future? ~ Christopher Deeming.