This volume contains five review articles, two in the Algebra part and three in the Geometry part, surveying the fields of cate­ gories and class field theory, in the Algebra part, and of Finsler spaces, structures on differentiable manifolds, and packing, cover­ ing, etc., in the Geometry part. The literature covered is primar­ Hy that published in 1964-1967. Contents ALGEBRA CATEGORIES ............... . 3 M. S. Tsalenko and E. G. Shul'geifer § 1. Introduction........... 3 § 2. Foundations of the Theory of Categories . . . . . 4 § 3. Fundamentals of the Theory of Categories . . . . . 6 § 4. Embeddings of Categories ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 § 5. Representations of Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 § 6. Axiomatic Characteristics of Algebraic Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 § 7. Reflective Subcategories; Varieties. . . 20 § 8. Radicals in Categories . . . . . . . 24 § 9. Categories with Involution. . . . . . 29 § 10. Universal Algebras in Categories . 30 § 11. Categories with Multiplication . . . 34 § 12. Duality of Functors. .. ....... 37 § 13. Homotopy Theory . . . . .. ........... 39 § 14. Homological Algebra in Categories. . . . . . 41 § 15. Concrete Categories . . . . .. ......... 44 § 16. Generalizations.. . . . . . . 45 Literature Cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 CLASS FIELD THEORY. FIELD EXTENSIONS. . . . . . . . 59 S. P. Demushkin 66 Literature Cited vii CONTENTS viii GEOMETRY 75 FINSLER SPACES AND THEIR GENERALIZATIONS ..

This volume contains five review articles, two in the Algebra part and three in the Geometry part, surveying the fields of cate­ gories and class field theory, in the Algebra part, and of Finsler spaces, structures on differentiable manifolds, and packing, cover­ ing, etc., in the Geometry part. The literature covered is primar­ Hy that published in 1964-1967. Contents ALGEBRA CATEGORIES ............... . 3 M. S. Tsalenko and E. G. Shul'geifer § 1. Introduction........... 3 § 2. Foundations of the Theory of Categories . . . . . 4 § 3. Fundamentals of the Theory of Categories . . . . . 6 § 4. Embeddings of Categories ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 § 5. Representations of Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 § 6. Axiomatic Characteristics of Algebraic Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 § 7. Reflective Subcategories; Varieties. . . 20 § 8. Radicals in Categories . . . . . . . 24 § 9. Categories with Involution. . . . . . 29 § 10. Universal Algebras in Categories . 30 § 11. Categories with Multiplication . . . 34 § 12. Duality of Functors. .. ....... 37 § 13. Homotopy Theory . . . . .. ........... 39 § 14. Homological Algebra in Categories. . . . . . 41 § 15. Concrete Categories . . . . .. ......... 44 § 16. Generalizations.. . . . . . . 45 Literature Cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 CLASS FIELD THEORY. FIELD EXTENSIONS. . . . . . . . 59 S. P. Demushkin 66 Literature Cited vii CONTENTS viii GEOMETRY 75 FINSLER SPACES AND THEIR GENERALIZATIONS ..