Assessing Command and Control Effectiveness

Peter Berggren is a senior scientist at FOI, the Swedish Defence Research Agency. He holds a MSc in Cognitive Science from the University of Linköping. His principle research interests lies in measures and analysis of teamwork effectiveness, decision-making, and Command and Control performance assessments. Peter has worked with Human Factors research since 1998. He has studied fighter pilots, individual soldiers, tank commanders, Brigade staffs, as well as civil crisis management and emergency response. By participating in military exercises as a scientist, Peter has a long experience of working closely with the military in field experimentation-like situations. Peter is a project manager for an Armed Forces project on assessing Command and Control effectiveness. Staffan Nählinder is a senior scientist at FOI, the Swedish Defence Research Agency. He holds a PhD in Human Machine Interaction from the University of Linköping and a MSc in Psychology and Statistics from University of Uppsala. His principle research interests lies in training, performance assessment, decision-making, mental workload, and situation awareness. He has worked with Human Factors research since 1998. Among other things he has worked with various psychophysiological measures to assess mental workload in both military and civil pilots in both simulated and real flight. Staffan has also worked with transfer of training questions in military training facilities. Erland Svensson, Ph.D., is retired director of research at the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) and professor emeritus at the University of Linköping. He is former director of the Department of Man-System-Interaction (FOI-MSI) and of the Institute of Aviation Medicine, Linköping. His research includes measurements of mental workload, situational awareness, operative performance, modelling and simulation. Erland has been Swedish PfP-representative of NATO RTO Human Factors and Medicine Panel. He has been national point of contact for co-operative activities between USAF/RL, TNO, DSTL and DRDC, and governmental expert in European Defence Agency (EDA). Erland has been a member of the Royal Aeronautical Society, London, of the board of the Swedish Society for Human Factors, and he is a member of the Swedish Society for M.P.s and Scientists (RIFO). He has been secretary of the board of the Swedish Aeronautical and Naval Medical Association. In his retired position Erland is developing techniques for measurement of dynamic processes at FOI, and he is associated to the department of cardiology, University of Linköping, in research on psychophysiological modelling.

’I enjoyed reading the book. The text gives a thorough and initiated review of current R&D accomplishments within the Swedish Military and Crisis Response domains. I find it refreshing that the human perspective is emphasized systematically by all authors. To me it is clear that we need to develop our methods, tools and technologies to meet future needs in command and control R&D. This publication will be a rich source for the education of officers and operators, and provide a solid basis for further scientific undertakings.' Major General Dennis Gyllensporre, Head of Policy & Plans Department, Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters

• Contents: Forewords; Preface; Introduction, P. Berggren, S. Nählinder and E. Svensson; Analysing tactical cognitive systems: theories, models and methods, A. Norlander; Designing case studies using a systems analysis approach, P. Wikberg; Dynamic measures of effectiveness in command and control, E. Svensson and S. Nählinder; Organizational agility - an overview, B.J.E. Johansson and P.V. Pearce; Characteristics of command and control in response to emergencies and disasters, J. Trnka and R. Woltjer; Empirical studies of command and control centres at the Swedish Air Force, E. Svensson, C. Rencrantz, J. Marklund and P. Berggren; The advance of a valid and reliable tool for assessing shared understanding, P. Berggren; Evaluating the effectiveness of an armoured brigade staff, P. Thunholm, P. Berggren and P. Wikberg; Organizational effectiveness at the Kosovo Force headquarters: a case study, M. Granåsen and J. Marklund; Agility in command and control - functional models of cognition, B.J.E. Johansson; Conclusions, P. Berggren, S. Nählinder and E. Svensson; Index.