Poor and the Perfect

Neslihan Şenocak is Associate Professor of History at Columbia University.

In this well-argued study, Senocak explores the question of how the role of serious learning and (eventually) scholastic scholarship took root in the Franciscan order. The author asks three basic questions: How willing was Saint Francis himself to accept the importance of learning and learned friars? How early did they emerge? Why did scholarship and books become an integral part of the Franciscan mission?... A closely argued and well-documented scholarly monograph.(Choice) Known for several important articles on the libraries of various medieval Franciscan convents, the young Turkish scholar Neslihan Senocak has now written a comprehensive monograph on the issues of study and education in the Franciscan order in the thirteenth century.. [This] is atour de forceof scholarship that will be the standard text in the field on the question of Franciscan education for years to come.(The Historian) The emergence of the Franciscan Order's theological schools forms the basis of this compelling new monograph.... Senocak deftly moves through the early Franciscan history to show that the movement was gaining in social, ecclesiastical, and academic respectability through the caliber of its novices.... This book teems with good and sensible explanations of the place of theological study in the order.(Catholic Historical Review) This is a fascinating and important book that contributes significantly to a greater understanding of the Franciscan order and intellectual culture more generally in the thirteenth century.... Senocak criticizes existing scholarship with rigor and respect. She successfully combines passionate engagement and technical precision. Her book makes an immensely valuable contribution to scholarship that will be appreciated by specialists and general readers alike, and it will inform and stimulate many of us in our future research.(Speculum) Through a close scrutiny of the primary and secondary sources, the author proposes a series of very plausible explanations for the evolution of an intellectual culture in the Franciscan Order promoting learning and scholarship.... This open-minded research indeed yields a fresh and insightful reading of the first century of Franciscan history.... If the quality of the present book is anything to go by, students of Franciscanism can legitimately look forward to being illumined by other original contributions of the author.(Collectanea Franciscana) Şenocak seeks not only to tell the story of the phenomenally rapid rise of learning in the Franciscan Order during the first century of its existence, but also to explain how and why that came about, particularly given the highly controversial nature of what many saw as an antithesis to the principles advocated by the founder, Francis of Assisi, and cherished by his early companions.(The English Historical Review) This is a careful and learned study. Şenocak knows the sources and does a good job of arguing her case.(Church History) The Poor and the Perfect is an intelligent, engaging narrative of the history of Franciscan education. The book resolves several contradictions created by Franciscan historiography, and allows insight into a religious order in which the discourse of simplicity, mysticism, poverty, and cosmic renewal coexisted with pragmatic administrative and economic concerns, corruption, and insistence on social stratification.(Journal of Religious History) This book offers much of value for those interested in the history of the Franciscan Order, especially in the first hundred years of its existence.... Senocak's clearly written, well-organised and cogently argued study is built on her deep immersion in the sources, many of which are quoted extensively in Latin in the footnotes.(Heythrop Journal)

• Prologue: The Challenges to the Historian1. The Formative Years, 1219–12442. Studying as Evangelical Perfection3. Beyond Preaching and Confession4. Paradise Lost5. The Educational System around 1310ConclusionSelect BibliographyGlossaryIndex