Human Trafficking

Dr. Wendy Stickle is the director of the CCJS undergraduate program of University of Maryland at Shady Grove. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Maryland Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice in 2009. She teaches research methods, criminological theory, and juvenile delinquency, and human trafficking. Her research interests include program and policy evaluation, juvenile delinquency, prevention, and human trafficking. Christine White, J.D. is an adjunct professor at University of Maryland. Sher received her Doctor of Law degree from American University, Washington College of Law in 2000. Her research interests include issues surrounding the understanding of human trafficking in the criminal justice field and the role race continues to play in the criminal justice system. In addition, she teaches the following courses in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice: Criminal Law; Human Trafficking; Juvenile Delinquency; Race and Crime; Drugs and Crime.

Human Trafficking: A Comprehensive Exploration of Modern Day Slavery is an excellent text for an undergraduate course. It offers a broadly-based description of human trafficking and potential ways to combat it in our communities.

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbout the AuthorsPART I FUNDAMENTALSChapter 1 Human Trafficking in ContextNo-So-Modern SlaveryRoot Causes of Human Trafficking: Supply, Demand, and GlobalizationInternational Definition of Human TraffickingKey Elements of Human TraffickingApproaches to Combating Human TraffickingConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 2 Challenges, Resources, and RecommendationsChallenges to Understanding Human TraffickingAdditional Factors Causing Confusion in Understanding Human TraffickingExisting Resources to Improve Our Understanding of Human TraffickingGlobal Resources to Monitor Human TraffickingConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 3 Do Traditional Theories Help Us Understand Human Trafficking?Assessing the Cost/Benefit Ratio: The Motivations of the Trafficker, Victim, and BuyerMoving Beyond Rational Thinking: Additional Considerations in Explaining the Behavior of Traffickers and Victims at the Individual LevelMoving Beyond the Trafficker and Victim: Exploring the Impact of Ecological FactorsConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 4 The Victims of Human TraffickingWho Is a Victim?Turning Vulnerabilities Into VictimizationConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 5 The TraffickersMotivationRolesOrganizational Structure of Trafficking OperationsCharacteristics of TraffickersConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesPART II SEX TRAFFICKINGChapter 6 The Colliding Worlds of Prostitution and Human TraffickingWhat Is Prostitution?PrevalenceDemographicsPush Factors for ProstitutionAre Prostitution and Sex Trafficking the Same Thing?Regulating ProstitutionEfforts to Control Prostitution and Their Impacts on Sex TraffickingConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 7 Moving Past the Prostitution Debate: An Examination of Sex TraffickingAn Introduction to Sex TraffickingExplaining the Prevalence of Sex TraffickingStages in Sex TraffickingChild Sex TraffickingWomen and Children Are Not the Only VictimsConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 8 Sex Trafficking: Demand and PreventionDemandReactions to Sex TraffickingPreventionProtectionProsecutionPartnershipConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesPART III LABOR TRAFFICKINGChapter 9 More Than Unfair Labor PracticesWhat Is Labor Trafficking?Portrait of Labor Trafficking in the U.S.Portrait of Labor Trafficking GloballyVulnerabilities and Demographics of Labor Trafficking VictimsChild Labor TraffickingConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesFull-Length Case StudiesChapter 10 Responses to Labor TraffickingReactions to Labor TraffickingTheoretical Frameworks Guiding Existing Responses to Labor TraffickingRecovery: The Identification of Traffickers and VictimsConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesPART IV OTHER FORMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKINGChapter 11 Child SoldiersHistorical ContextDefinitionWhere Are Child Soldiers Found?Is This Human Trafficking?Responses to the Use of Child SoldiersConsequencesMoving ForwardConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 12 Organ TraffickingBrief History of Organ TransplantationBrief History of Trafficking in OrgansForms of Trafficking in OrgansLegal and Ethical Frameworks Pertaining to Trafficking in OrgansPrevalence of Organ TraffickingCauses of Organ TraffickingStructure of Organ-Trafficking OperationsOrgan Trafficking as Organized CrimeResearchEconomic ApproachesRecoveryConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourceChapter 13 Forced and Child MarriageThe Fundaments of Forced and Child MarriageThe Prevalence of Forced and Child MarriageThe Condemnation of Child MarriageGlobal Perspectives of Child MarriageWhat Fuels Child Marriage?The Consequences of Child MarriageResponding to Forced and Child MarriagePredicting the Future of Child MarriageConclusionKey WordsDiscussion QuestionsResourcesChapter 14 ConclusionOverviewDefining ElementsRoot CausesResearchIdentifying TraffickersWhere Do We Go From Here?Remaining Issues in the Field of Human TraffickingFinal RemarksReferencesIndex