Lorenzo Grossio is Postdoctoral Research Fellow in EU Law at the University of Turin, Italy.Stefano Montaldo is Associate Professor of EU Law at the University of Turin, Italy.Valsamis Mitsilegas is Professor of European and Global Law and Dean of the School of Law and Social Justice at the University of Liverpool, UK.

• Acknowledgements List of Contributors 1. Introduction, Lorenzo Grossio, Stefano Montaldo and Valsamis MitsilegasPART A: PROPORTIONALITY OF PENALTIES IN EU CRIMINAL LAW: A THEORETICAL APPRAISAL2. Conceptualising Proportionality and Criminal Sanctions in EU Law: Three Different Visions, Jacob Öberg3. The Trinity of Proportionality: Different Dimensions of Proportionality as an EU Criminalisation Principle, Gniewomir Wycichowski-Kuchta4. Proportionality of Sanctions under EU Law: Insights from Penal Theory, Adriano Martufi5. The Proportionality and Harm Principles in the European Perspective: A Comparative and Complementary Reading, Vittorio Cama6. Proportionality of Criminal Penalties between EU Law and the ECHR: An Unattainable Convergence of Standards?, Lorenzo GrossioPART B: THE ROLE OF PROPORTIONALITY OF PENALTIES IN EU CRIMINAL LAW7. Proportionality of Penalties in EU Substantive Criminal Law Legislative Instruments, Chloé Brière8. Violations of EU Sanctions and Criminal Penalties: Proportionality at Peril?, Lorenzo Bernardini and Francesca Finelli9. Broadly Unknown, but Deservedly Unloved? Turnover-based Fines and their Transplant from Competition Law to EU Criminal Law, Pedro Caeiro10. Proportionality of Criminal Penalties and EU Judicial Cooperation, Emanuela Pistoia11. The EU-UK Extradition Arrangement and the Principle of Proportionality: Some Hints from the Practice of EU Institutions and Italian and UK Legislation and Case-Law on the EAW, Alessandro Rosanò12. The Proportionality of Criminal Sanctions and Ne Bis In Idem, Araceli TurmoPART C: THE IMPACT OF THE SUPRANATIONAL PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTIONALITY OF CRIMINAL PENALTIES ON DOMESTIC LEGAL ORDERS13. Domestic Sanctions and the Greek Maize Obligation to Impose Effective, Proportionate and Dissuasive Penalties: Empowering National Courts, Stefano Montaldo14. The Influence of Proportionality of Penalties Derived from EU Law on Domestic Criminal Legislation and Sentencing, Marco Pelissero15. Tax Penalties and Proportionality: The Search for Consistency. Open Questions for the Coming Years, Stefano Maria Ronco16. Proportionality of the Penalty of Confiscation: Focus on French and Spanish Criminal Law, Chloé FauchonIndex