Perspectives on Deviance and Social Control

Michelle Inderbitzin primarily studies prison culture, juvenile justice, and transformative education. She is co-editor of the book The Voluntary Sector in Prisons: Encouraging Personal and Institutional Change, and she won the American Society of Criminology Teaching Award in 2017. Dr. Inderbitzin earned her PhD in sociology from the University of Washington and has been a faculty member at Oregon State University since 2001. Along with her on-campus classes on crime and deviance, she regularly teaches classes and volunteers in Oregon’s maximum-security prison for men and state youth correctional facilities. Kristin A. Bates is a professor of criminology and justice studies in the Department of Sociology at California State University San Marcos. Her research focuses on racial, ethnic, and gender inequality in criminal justice policies. She is currently involved in a study examining the community impact of civil gang injunctions. She is co-editor of the book Through the Eye of Katrina: Social Justice in the United States, as well as co-author of Juvenile Delinquency in a Diverse Society, both in their second editions. Dr. Bates earned her PhD in sociology from the University of Washington in 1998.Randy R. Gainey is a professor in the Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice at Old Dominion University. His research focuses on sentencing decisions, alternatives to incarceration, and neighborhood characteristics and crime. He is co-author of two other books: Family Violence and Criminal Justice: A Life-Course Approach, now in its third edition, and Drugs and Policing. His articles have recently appeared in Criminology, Justice Quarterly, Theoretical Criminology, The Prison Journal, The Journal of Criminal Justice, and The Journal of Crime and Justice. Dr. Gainey earned his PhD in sociology in 1995 at the University of Washington.

"This is a comprehensive textbook that covers many of today’s theories used to explain deviance. It is easy to read and understand. A well written textbook."

• ForewordPrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbout the AuthorsChapter 1. Introduction to DevianceIntroductionConceptions of DevianceThe Sociological ImaginationThe Importance of Theory and Its Relationship to ResearchGlobal Perspectives on DevianceExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the SuitesIdeas in ActionConclusion: Organization of the BookExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsRecommended ResourcesChapter 2. The Diversity of DevianceIntroductionDeviance and Its Varied FormsPhysical Deviance and Appearance: Ideals of Beauty, Self-Harm, and Body ModificationRelationships and DevianceDeviance in Cyberspace: Making Up the Norms as We GoSubcultural DevianceElite Deviance, Corporate Deviance, and Workplace MisconductPositive DevianceGlobal Perspectives on Types of DevianceExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: The Cases of Addiction, Prostitution, and GraffitiIdeas in Action: Guerrilla Gardening in Low-Income AreasQuestion: So Who Are the Deviants? Answer: It Depends on Whom You AskConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 3. Researching DevianceIntroductionMethodological Approaches to Studying DevianceContent AnalysisSecondary Data SourcesEthical Considerations in Studying DevianceGlobal Perspectives on Trials and Tribulations Involved in Researching Deviance Across the GlobeExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: Using Content Analysis to Study Deviants Among the Business Elite and Street BikersIdeas in Action: Evaluating Programs and PolicyConclusionEndnoteExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 4. Anomie/Strain TheoryIntroductionDevelopment of Anomie/Strain TheoryRobert Merton and Adaptations to Anomie/StrainRichard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin, Differential OpportunityAlbert Cohen, Delinquent BoysRobert Agnew, General Strain TheoryMessner and Rosenfeld, Crime and the American Dream— Institutional Anomie TheoryApplication of Anomie and Strain TheoriesCritiques of Anomie and Strain TheoriesGlobal Perspectives on Anomie/Strain TheoryExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: The Occupy Wall Street MovementIdeas in Action: Transforming Innovation Into Conformity and Legitimate SuccessConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 5. Social Disorganization TheoryIntroductionDevelopment of Social Disorganization TheoryShaw and McKay’s Study of Juvenile Delinquency and Urban AreasCritiques of Social Disorganization TheoryRebirth of Social Disorganization TheoryEmpirical Tests of Social Disorganization TheoryGlobal Perspectives on Social Disorganization TheoryTests of Social Disorganization in Cities Outside the United StatesMore Theoretical and Empirical Advances and Divergences: Social and Physical DisorderExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites With Social Disorganization TheoryIdeas in Action: Programs and Policy From Social Disorganization and Broken Windows PerspectivesConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermChapter 6. Differential Association and Social Learning TheoriesIntroductionDevelopment of Differential Association TheoryDevelopment of Akers’s Social Learning TheorySocial Structure and Social LearningApplication of Differential Association and Social LearningCritiques of Differential Association and Social Learning TheoriesCultural Deviance Theory and Subcultural Explanations of DevianceExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: Dating ViolenceIdeas in Action: Programs and Policy From a Social Learning PerspectiveGlobal Perspectives on Testing Differential Association and Social Learning Theories Outside the United StatesConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 7. Social Control Theories of DevianceIntroductionDevelopment of Social Control TheoryContemporary Additions to Social Control TheoryApplication of Social Control TheoriesCritiques of Social Control TheoriesGlobal Perspectives on Deviance and Social Control TheoriesExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: The Cases of Teenage Homelessness and Medical Deviance by DoctorsIdeas in Action: Homeboy IndustriesConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 8. Labeling TheoryIntroductionDevelopment of Labeling TheoryHow the Labeling Process WorksLabeling and Mental IllnessLabeling and DelinquencyApplication of Labeling TheoryImpact of Labeling TheoryCritiques of Labeling TheoryGlobal Perspectives on Labeling TheoryExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: Considering Drinking—and Not Drinking—on College CampusesIdeas in Action: The “I Have a Dream” Foundation—Instilling Positive LabelsConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 9. Marxist and Conflict Theories of DevianceIntroductionDevelopment of Marxist TheoryDevelopment of Conflict TheoryApplications of Marxist and Conflict TheoriesCritiques of Marxist and Conflict TheoriesGlobal Perspectives on Deviance and Marxist/Conflict TheoriesExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: Human Trafficking: Crossing Boundaries and BordersIdeas in Action: What Can Be Done About Human Trafficking?ConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 10. Critical Theories of DevianceIntroductionDevelopment of Feminist CriminologyDevelopment of Critical Race TheoryDevelopment of PeacemakingCritiques of Critical TheoriesGlobal Perspectives on Deviance and Critical TheoriesExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: The Cases of Pornography and Illegal Governmental SurveillanceIdeas in Action: Navajo Peacemaking and Domestic ViolenceConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 11. Societal Responses to DevianceIntroductionMedicalization of Deviant BehaviorPolicing, Supervision, and the Impact of Incarceration on Disadvantaged Populations and CommunitiesTotal InstitutionsCorrectional Facilities and the Purposes of PunishmentGresham Sykes and the Pains of ImprisonmentJuvenile Correctional FacilitiesReentry: Challenges in Returning to the Community After Time in an InstitutionPublic Fear and Social Control: The Case of Sex OffendersCollateral Consequences: Effects on Communities and FamiliesGlobal Perspectives on the Social Control of DevianceExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: Considering How Money Can Matter in Local JailsIdeas in Action: College Programs in PrisonsConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsChapter 12. Deviant Careers and Career DevianceIntroductionDevelopment of a Deviant Career and Career Deviance ApproachGetting Into Deviance: Onset of a Deviant CareerRisk and Protective Factors for OnsetEscalation, Persistence, and Specialization in DevianceSex Offenders: Generalists or Specialists?The Case of Drinking and DrivingSummary of Career Deviance: Specialists or Generalists?Getting Out of the Game: Desistance From Career DevianceExplaining Deviance in the Streets and Deviance in the Suites: Street Prostitutes Versus Elite ProstitutesGlobal Perspectives on Cross-Cultural Interest in Deviant Careers and Career DevianceIdeas in Action: Programs and Policy From a Career Deviance and Deviant Career PerspectiveConclusionExercises and Discussion QuestionsKey TermsGlossaryReferences and Additional ReadingIndex